ʻO Mario Lanza (Mario Lanza) |
mario lance
"ʻO kēia ka leo maikaʻi loa o ke kenekulia XNUMX!" - Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Arturo Toscanini i kona lohe ʻana iā Lanz ma ke kuleana o ke Duke ma Verdi's Rigoletto ma ke kahua o ka Metropolitan Opera. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua loaʻa i ka mea mele ke ʻano kupaianaha kupaianaha o ka timbre velvet.
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Mario Lanza (inoa maoli ʻo Alfredo Arnold Cocozza) ma Ianuali 31, 1921 ma Philadelphia i kahi ʻohana Italia. Ua makemake nui ʻo Freddie i nā mele opera. Ua hoʻolohe au me ka leʻaleʻa a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā leo i hana ʻia e nā haku leo ʻItalia mai ka ʻohi waiwai a koʻu makuakāne. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka makemake o ke keiki i nā pāʻani me nā hoa. Akā, me he mea lā, aia kekahi mea i loko o kāna mau genes. ʻO El de Palma, nona ka hale kūʻai ma Vine Street i Philadelphia, e hoʻomanaʻo ana: “Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei au i kekahi ahiahi. Inā kūpono koʻu hoʻomanaʻo ʻana iaʻu, aia i ka makahiki kanakolukūmāiwa. Ua poha ka ino maoli ma Philadelphia. Ua uhi ʻia ke kūlanakauhale i ka hau. Keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo nā mea a pau. Ua minamina au i ka pā. ʻAʻole oʻu manaʻolana i ka poʻe malihini… A laila wehe ʻia ka puka; Nānā wau a ʻaʻole manaʻoʻiʻo i koʻu mau maka: koʻu hoa ʻōpio ʻo Alfredo Cocozza ponoʻī. ʻO nā mea a pau i ka hau, mai lalo mai kahi e ʻike ʻole ʻia ai kahi pāpale luina polū a me kahi lole uliuli. Loaʻa iā Freddie kahi pūʻolo ma kona mau lima. Me ka ʻōlelo ʻole ʻole, ua komo hohonu ʻo ia i loko o ka hale ʻaina, noho ma kona kihi wela loa a hoʻomaka e pāʻani i nā leo me Caruso lāua ʻo Ruffo ... ʻO kaʻu mea i ʻike ai i kāhāhā iaʻu: E uē ana ʻo Freddie, e hoʻolohe ana i ke mele ... Noho ʻo ia pēlā no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ma ke aumoe, kāhea aku au iā Freddie i ka manawa e pani ai i ka hale kūʻai. ʻAʻole lohe ʻo Freddie iaʻu a hele wau e moe. Ua hoʻi i ke kakahiaka, ʻo Freddie ma ia wahi. ʻIke ʻia ua hoʻolohe ʻo ia i nā leo i ka pō a pau… Ma hope mai ua nīnau au iā Freddie e pili ana i kēlā pō. Ua ʻakaʻaka ʻo ia me ka hilahila a ʻōlelo mai, “Signor de Palma, ua kaumaha loa au. A ʻoluʻolu loa ʻoe. ”…
Aole au e poina i keia hana. He mea kupanaha loa ia ia'u ia manawa. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo Freddie Cocozza mau loa, e like me kaʻu e hoʻomanaʻo nei, he ʻokoʻa loa ia: pāʻani, paʻakikī. Hana mau ʻo ia i nā "feats". Kapa mākou iā ia ʻo Jesse James no kēlā. Ua komo ʻo ia i loko o ka hale kūʻai e like me ke kiʻi. Inā makemake ʻo ia i kekahi mea, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻōlelo, akā hīmeni ʻo ia i ka noi… Ua hele mai ʻo ia… Me he mea lā ua hopohopo nui ʻo Freddie no kekahi mea. E like me ka manawa mau, hīmeni ʻo ia i kāna noi. Kiola au iā ia i ke aniani hau. Ua hopu ʻo Freddie i ka lele a hīmeni ʻo ia me ka ʻakaʻaka: "Inā ʻo ʻoe ke Aliʻi o nā Puʻa, a laila ʻo wau ke Aliʻi o ka poʻe mele!"
ʻO Giovanni Di Sabato ke kumu mua a Freddie. He kanawalu kona mau makahiki. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e aʻo iā Freddie i ka heluhelu mele a me ka solfeggio. A laila he mau papa me A. Williams a me G. Garnell.
E like me ke ola ʻana o nā poʻe hīmeni maikaʻi, ua loaʻa iā Freddie kāna hoʻomaha laki. 'Ōleloʻo Lanza:
"I kekahi manawa ua pono wau e kōkua i ka lawe ʻana i kahi piano ma kahi kauoha i loaʻa mai i kahi keʻena halihali. Pono e lawe ʻia ka mea kani i ka Philadelphia Academy of Music. Ua hoʻokani nā mea hoʻokani pila o ʻAmelika ma kēia kula mai ka makahiki 1857. ʻAʻole ʻo ʻAmelika wale nō. Kokoke o na Peresidena Amerika a pau, e hoomaka ana me Aberahama Linekona, ua hele mai lakou a haawi i ka lakou mau haiolelo kaulana. A i kēlā me kēia manawa aʻu e hele ai ma kēia hale nui, wehe au i koʻu pāpale.
Ma hope o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka piano, ua kokoke au e haʻalele me koʻu mau hoaaloha, ʻike koke wau i ke alakaʻi o ka Philadelphia Forum, ʻo Mr. William C. Huff, ka mea i hoʻolohe iaʻu ma koʻu kumu aʻo ʻo Irene Williams. Ua holo wikiwiki ʻo ia e hālāwai me aʻu, akā i kona ʻike ʻana i "kaʻu hana manawaleʻa", ua pīhoihoi ʻo ia. Ua ʻaʻahu au i ke kapa holoʻokoʻa, ua nakinaki ʻia ka ʻulaʻula ma koʻu ʻāʻī, ua kāpīpī ʻia koʻu ʻauwae me ka paka - ʻo kēia ʻulaʻula i hana ʻia i kēlā manawa.
"He aha kāu e hana nei ma ʻaneʻi, e kuʻu hoaaloha ʻōpio?"
– ʻAʻole ʻoe ʻike? Hoʻoneʻe au i nā piano.
Luliluli ʻo Huff i kona poʻo me ka hōʻino.
"ʻAʻole ʻoe hilahila e ke kanaka ʻōpio?" Me kēlā leo! Pono kākou e aʻo i ka hīmeni ʻana, a mai hoʻāʻo e hoʻoneʻe i nā piano.
Ua ʻakaʻaka wau.
"E hiki iaʻu ke nīnau, no ke kālā hea?" ʻAʻohe miliona miliona ma koʻu ʻohana…
I kēia manawa, ua hoʻopau ka mea alakaʻi kaulana ʻo Sergei Koussevitzky i kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa me ka Boston Symphony Orchestra ma ka Hale Nui, a komo i loko o kona keʻena ʻaʻahu me ke kāwele ma luna o kona mau poʻohiwi. Ua hopu ʻo Mr. Huff i koʻu poʻohiwi a hoʻokuke iaʻu i loko o ka lumi kokoke i ko Koussevitzky. “I kēia manawa e hīmeni! Ua hoʻōho ʻo ia. “E hīmeni ʻoe e like me ʻoe i hīmeni ʻole ai!” - "A he aha ka mea e hīmeni ai?" "He aha, e wikiwiki koke!" Ua kuha au i ka ʻōpala a hīmeni aku…
Ua hala ka manawa liʻiliʻi, a ua komo ʻo maestro Koussevitzky i loko o ko mākou lumi.
Aia i hea kēlā leo? ʻO kēlā leo kupanaha? Ua hoʻōho ʻo ia a aloha mai iaʻu me ke aloha. Huli ʻo ia i lalo i ka piano a nānā i koʻu laina. A, honi iaʻu ma nā papalina ʻelua ma ke ʻano hikina, ua kono mai ka maestro iaʻu e komo i ka Berkshire Music Festival, i mālama ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Tanglewood, Massachusetts. Ua hāʻawi ʻo ia i kaʻu hoʻomākaukau no kēia ʻahaʻaina i nā mele ʻōpio maikaʻi loa e like me Leonard Bernstein, Lukas Foss a me Boris Goldovsky…”
Ma ʻAukake 7, 1942, ua hoʻomaka ka mea mele ʻōpio i kāna hana mua ma ka Tanglewood Festival ma kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o Fenton ma Nicolai's comic opera The Merry Wives of Windsor. I kēlā manawa, ua hana mua ʻo ia ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo Mario Lanza, e lawe ana i ka inoa o kona makuahine he pseudonym.
I ka lā aʻe, ua kākau ʻo New York Times me ka ʻoliʻoli: "ʻO Mario Lanza, ʻo Mario Lanza, kahi mea mele ʻōpio, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo kona leo i ka makua a me ka ʻenehana. ʻAʻole like kona ʻano like ʻole me nā mele mele o kēia wā. ʻO nā nūpepa ʻē aʻe kekahi i ʻoki ʻia me ka hoʻomaikaʻi: "Mai ka manawa o Caruso ʻaʻohe leo like ...", "Ua ʻike ʻia kahi hana mana leo hou ...", "ʻO Lanza ka lua o Caruso ...", "Ua hānau ʻia kahi hōkū hou ma ka lewa opera!”
Ua hoʻi ʻo Lanza i Philadelphia piha i nā manaʻo a me nā manaʻolana. Eia naʻe, he mea kāhāhā e kali ana iā ia: he kiʻi ʻia i ka ʻoihana koa ma ka Air Force o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. No laila ua mālama ʻo Lanza i kāna mau ʻahamele mua i ka wā o kāna lawelawe ʻana, ma waena o nā mea hoʻokele. ʻAʻole i hoʻopololei ka mea hope i ka loiloi o kāna talena: "Caruso of aeronautics", "Second Caruso"!
Ma hope o ka demobilization ma 1945, ua hoʻomau ʻo Lanza i kāna mau haʻawina me ke kumu Italia kaulana ʻo E. Rosati. I kēia manawa ua makemake nui ʻo ia i ka hīmeni ʻana a hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻomākaukau koʻikoʻi no ka ʻoihana o ka mea mele opera.
Ma Iulai 8, 1947, hoʻomaka ʻo Lanza e mākaʻikaʻi i nā kūlanakauhale o ʻAmelika a me Kanada me Bel Canto Trio. Ma Iulai 1947, XNUMX, ua kākau ʻo Chicago Tribune: "Ua hana ʻo Young Mario Lanza i kahi manaʻo. ʻO kekahi kanaka ʻōpio poʻohiwi ākea i wehe koke i kona ʻaʻahu pūʻali koa e hīmeni me ka pono hiki ʻole ke hōʻole ʻia, ʻoiai ʻo ia i hānau ʻia e hīmeni. E hoʻonani kāna talena i nā hale opera ma ka honua. "
I ka lā aʻe, ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka Grand Park me 76 i makemake nui e ʻike me ko lākou mau maka ponoʻī a me nā pepeiao i ke ola ʻana o kahi tenor kupanaha. ʻAʻole hoʻi i hoʻoweliweli ka ʻino iā lākou. I kekahi lā aʻe, i ka ua nui, ʻoi aku ma mua o 125 mau mea hoʻolohe i ʻākoakoa ma aneʻi. Ua kākau ʻo Claudia Cassidy, ka mea kākau mele ʻo Chicago Tribune:
“Ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Mario Lanza, kahi ʻōpio makaʻeleʻele i kūkulu ʻia me ka nani o ka leo kūlohelohe, kahi āna e hoʻohana ai me ke ʻano maoli. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa iā ia nā nuances hiki ʻole ke aʻo. ʻIke ʻo ia i ka mea huna e komo i loko o ka puʻuwai o ka poʻe hoʻolohe. Hana ʻia ka aria paʻakikī o Radames i ka papa mua. Ua uwo ka lehulehu me ka hauʻoli. Ua minoʻaka ʻo Lanza me ka hauʻoli. Me he mea lā ua ʻoi aku ka pūʻiwa a me ka hauʻoli ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe.
I ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ua loaʻa i ka mea mele kahi kono e hoʻokani ma ka New Orleans Opera House. ʻO ka hana mua ʻo ia ka ʻāpana o Pinkerton ma "Chio-Chio-San" na G. Puccini. Ua ukali ia e ka hana a La Traviata na G. Verdi a me Andre Chenier na W. Giordano.
Ua ulu a laha ka kaulana o ka mea mele. Wahi a ka haku mele ʻo Constantino Kallinikos, hāʻawi ʻo Lanza i kāna mau ʻaha mele maikaʻi loa i ka makahiki 1951:
“Inā ʻoe i ʻike a lohe i ka mea i hana ʻia ma nā kūlanakauhale ʻo 22 US i Pepeluali, Malaki a me ʻApelila 1951, a laila maopopo ʻoe pehea e hiki ai i kahi mea pena ke hoʻoikaika i ka lehulehu. Aia wau ma laila! Ua ʻike au i kēlā! Ua lohe au! Pīhoihoi au i kēia! Ua huhū pinepine au, i kekahi manawa ua hoʻohaʻahaʻaʻia, akā,ʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻaʻoleʻo Mario Lanza koʻu inoa.
Ua ʻoi aku ʻo Lanza iā ia iho i kēlā mau mahina. ʻO ka manaʻo nui o ka huakaʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ka makasina Time paʻa: "ʻAʻole i mahalo nui ʻia ʻo Caruso a ʻaʻole i hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomana e like me Mario Lanza i hana ai i ka wā huakaʻi."
Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei au i kēia huakaʻi o ka Caruso Nui, ʻike wau i ka lehulehu o nā poʻe, ma kēlā me kēia kūlanakauhale i hoʻoikaika ʻia nā pūʻali mākaʻi e kiaʻi ana iā Mario Lanza, inā ʻaʻole e ʻeha ʻia ʻo ia e nā mea pā huhū; nā kipa kūhelu mau a me nā hana hoʻokipa, nā ʻaha kūkā paʻi pau ʻole a Lanza i hoʻowahāwahā mau ai; ʻo ka hoʻopiʻi pau ʻole a puni iā ia, ka ʻimi ʻana i loko o ka lua kī, nā komo ʻole ʻia i loko o ka lumi o kāna mea pena, ka pono e hoʻopau manawa ma hope o kēlā me kēia ʻahamele e kali ana i ka lehulehu e hoʻopuehu; hoʻi i ka hōkele ma hope o ke aumoe; ka haki ʻana i nā pihi a me ka ʻaihue ʻana i nā hainaka… ʻoi aku ʻo Lanza ma mua o koʻu mau manaʻo a pau!
I kēlā manawa, ua loaʻa iā Lanza kahi makana i hoʻololi i kāna hopena hana. Ma kahi o kahi ʻoihana ma ke ʻano he mele opera, ua kali ka kaulana o kahi mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni iā ia. ʻO ka hui kiʻiʻoniʻoni nui loa ma ka ʻāina, ʻo Metro-Goldwyn-Meyer, ua kau inoa i kahi kuʻikahi me Mario no kekahi mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni. ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻalahi nā mea a pau i ka wā mua. Ma ke kiʻi kiʻi mua, ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ʻo Lanz e ka hana ʻole ʻana. ʻO ka monotony a me ka inexpressiveness o kāna pāʻani i koi i nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pani i ka mea hana, e mālama ana i ka leo o Lanza ma hope o nā hiʻohiʻona. ʻAʻole naʻe i haʻalele ʻo Mario. ʻO ke kiʻi hou aʻe, "The Darling of New Orleans" (1951), lawe mai iā ia i ka holomua.
Ua kākau ka mea mele kaulana ʻo M. Magomayev i kāna puke e pili ana iā Lanz:
"ʻO ka manaʻo o ka lipine hou, i loaʻa ka inoa hope loa "New Orleans Darling", he leitmotif maʻamau me "Midnight Kiss". Ma ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni mua, hoʻokani ʻo Lanza i ke ʻano o kahi mea lawe ukana i lilo i "aliʻi o ke kahua opera." A i ka lua, lilo ʻo ia, ka lawaiʻa, i mea hoʻokani opera.
Akā i ka hopena, ʻaʻole ia e pili ana i ka pā. Ua hōʻike ʻo Lanza iā ia iho he mea hana keaka. ʻOiaʻiʻo, lawe ʻia ka ʻike mua. Ua hoʻopio pū ʻia ʻo Mario e ka palapala, i hoʻokō i ka pua i ka laina ola unpretentious o ka hero me nā kikoʻī momona. Ua hoʻopiha ʻia ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni me nā manaʻo like ʻole, kahi i loaʻa ai kahi wahi no ka hoʻopā ʻana i nā mele, ka hana keaka i kāohi ʻia, a me ka ʻakaʻaka.
Ua hōʻike ʻo "The Favorite of New Orleans" i ka honua me nā helu mele kupaianaha: nā ʻāpana mai nā opera, nā mele a me nā mele i haku ʻia ma nā pauku o Sammy Kahn e ka haku mele ʻo Nicholas Brodsky, ka mea, e like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai, ua kokoke loa iā Lanz: kā lākou kamaʻilio. ma ke kaula puuwai hookahi. ʻO ke ʻano, nā ʻōlelo ʻoluʻolu, nā ʻōlelo huhū… ʻO ia ka mea i hoʻohui iā lākou, a ma luna o nā mea a pau, ʻo ia kēia mau ʻano i hōʻike ʻia ma ke mele nui o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni "Be my love!", ʻo ia kaʻu e ʻōlelo nei, ua lilo i mea kaulana. manawa a pau.
I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻo nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni me ke komo ʻana o Mario e hahai kekahi ma hope o kekahi: The Great Caruso (1952), Because You Are Mine (1956), Serenade (1958), Seven Hills of Rome (1959). ʻO ka mea nui i huki ai i nā tausani he nui o ka poʻe nānā i kēia mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻo ia ka "mele kilokilo" a Lanz.
I kāna mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni hou loa, hoʻokani nui ka mea mele i nā mele Italia maoli. Ua lilo ia i kumu o kāna mau papahana ʻahamele a me nā hoʻopaʻa leo.
Me ka liʻiliʻi, hoʻomohala ka mea pena i ka makemake e hāʻawi piha iā ia iho i ke kahua, ke ʻano o nā leo. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Lanza i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 1959. Ua haʻalele ka mea mele i ka USA a noho i Roma. Auwe, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ko Lanz moeʻuhane e hoʻokō ʻia. Ua make ʻo ia ma ka haukapila ma ʻOkakopa 7, 1959, ma lalo o nā kūlana i wehewehe ʻole ʻia.
