Nā leo manu i ke mele

ʻAʻole hiki i nā leo hoʻohiwahiwa o nā manu ke haʻalele i ka manaʻo o ka poʻe haku mele. Nui nā mele a me nā hana hoʻonaʻauao e hōʻike ana i ka leo o nā manu.

He mele maʻamau ka hīmeni ʻana o nā manu: hīmeni kēlā me kēia ʻano manu i kāna mele kūʻokoʻa, aia nā leo ʻoniʻoni, nā mea hoʻonani waiwai, nā leo i kekahi mele, tempo, loaʻa kahi timbre kūʻokoʻa, nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā kala kala.

ʻO ka leo haʻahaʻa o ka cuckoo a me nā roulades ola o ka pō

ʻO nā mea haku mele Farani o ke kenekulia 18 i kākau ma ke ʻano Rococo - L Daquin, F. Couperin, JF. Maikaʻi loa ʻo Rameau i ka hoʻohālike ʻana i nā leo manu. I loko o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a Daken ʻo "Cuckoo," ʻike maopopo ʻia ka cuckooing o kahi kanaka noho nahele i ka nani, neʻe, a me ka hoʻonani nui ʻia o ka leo o ka lole mele. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo “The Hen” kekahi o nā neʻe ʻana o ka hui liʻiliʻi a Rameau, a he ʻāpana ko kēia mea kākau i kapa ʻia ʻo “Roll Call of Birds.”

JF. Rameau “Kahea o na manu”

Ma nā pāʻani aloha a ka mea haku mele Norewai o ke kenekulia 19. ʻO kā E. Grieg's "Morning", "In Spring" hoʻohālike i ke mele manu e hoʻonui ai i ke ʻano o ka mele.

ʻO E. Grieg "Morning" mai ka mele a i ka pāʻani "Peer Gynt"

Na ka mea haku mele a me ka mea hoʻokani piano ʻo Farani ʻo C. Saint-Saëns i haku i ka makahiki 1886 i kahi hui maikaʻi loa no nā piano ʻelua a me ka hoʻokani pila, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Carnival of the Animals." Ua hāpai ʻia ka hana ma ke ʻano he mele hoʻohenehene-kahaha no ka ʻaha mele kaulana ʻo Ch. Lebouk. I ka pīhoihoi o Saint-Saëns, ua lilo ka hana i mea kaulana loa. A i kēia lā ʻo "Carnival of Animals" paha ka mele kaulana loa o ka mea hoʻokani pila.

ʻO kekahi o nā pāʻani nani loa, i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka ʻakaʻaka maikaʻi o ka zoological fantasy, ʻo ia ʻo "The Birdhouse". Ma ʻaneʻi e hoʻokani ai ka ʻohe i ke kani hoʻokahi, e hōʻike ana i ke kani ʻana o nā manu liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokani ʻia ka ʻāpana ʻohe maikaʻi me nā kaula a me nā piano ʻelua.

C. Saint-Saens "Manu manu" mai "Carnival of the Animals"

Ma nā hana a ka poʻe haku mele Lūkini, mai ka nui o nā hoʻohālike o nā leo manu i loaʻa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā mea i lohe pinepine ʻia - ʻo ke mele sonorous o kahi lark a me nā virtuoso trills o ka nightingale. Ua kamaʻāina paha nā mea hoʻokani mele i nā romances na AA Alyabyev "Nightingale", NA Rimsky-Korsakov "Captured by the Rose, the Nightingale", "Lark" na MI Glinka. Akā, inā ʻo ka poʻe harpsichordists Farani a me Saint-Saëns i hoʻomalu i ka mea hoʻonaninani i nā mele mele i ʻōlelo ʻia, a laila ua haʻi mua nā mele Lūkini, ʻo ka mea mua, i nā manaʻo o ke kanaka e huli i kahi manu leo, e kono ana iā ia e hoʻomaha i kona kaumaha a i ʻole. kaʻana like i kona hauʻoli.

A. Alyabyev "Nightingale"

Ma nā hana mele nui - nā opera, symphonies, oratorio, nā leo o nā manu he mea nui o nā kiʻi o keʻano. No ka laʻana, ma ka ʻāpana ʻelua o L. Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony (“Scene by the Stream” – “Bird Trio”) hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe i ke mele ʻana o ka quail (oboe), ka nightingale (flute), a me ka cuckoo (clarinet). . Ma ka Symphony No. 3 (2 ʻāpana "Pleasures") AN Scriabin, ka ʻūhū ʻana o nā lau, ke kani ʻana o nā nalu kai, ua hui pū ʻia me nā leo o nā manu e kani ana mai ka ʻohe.

Mea haku mele ornithological

ʻO ka haku koʻikoʻi o ka ʻāina mele ʻo NA Rimsky-Korsakov, i ka wā e hele ana i loko o ka ululāʻau, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo ia i nā leo o nā manu me nā memo a laila hahai pololei i ka laina intonation o ka hīmeni ʻana o nā manu ma ka ʻāpana orchestral o ka opera "The Snow Maiden". Ua hōʻike ka mea haku mele ma ka ʻatikala āna i kākau ai e pili ana i kēia opera kahi e lohe ʻia ai ka hīmeni ʻana o ka falcon, magpie, bullfinch, cuckoo a me nā manu ʻē aʻe. A ʻo nā leo paʻakikī o ka pū kani Lel maikaʻi, ka meʻe o ka opera, ua hānau ʻia mai ka leo manu.

Ka haku mele Farani o ke kenekulia 20. Ua makemake nui ʻo O. Messiaen i ka hīmeni ʻana o nā manu, a ua manaʻo ʻo ia he mea ʻole ia, a ua kapa ʻo ia i nā manu "nā kauā o ka honua ʻole." Ma muli o ka makemake nui i ka ornithology, ua hana ʻo Messiaen no nā makahiki he nui e hana i kahi papa inoa o nā mele mele manu, i hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻohana nui i nā leo manu i kāna mau hana. ʻO "Awakening of the Birds" Messiaen no ka piano a me ka hoʻokani pila - ʻo ia nā leo o kahi ululāʻau kauwela, piha i ka mele o ka lark lāʻau a me ka manu ʻeleʻele, warbler a whirligig, e aloha ana i ka wanaʻao.

Hoʻololi i nā kuʻuna

Hoʻohana nui nā Lunamakaʻāinana o nā mele hou mai nā ʻāina like ʻole i ka hoʻohālike ʻana i ke mele manu ma ke mele a hoʻokomo pinepine i nā leo leo leo pololei o nā leo manu i kā lākou haku mele.

ʻO ka haku mele nani "Birdsong" na EV Denisov, kahi haku mele Lūkini o ka waena o ke kenekulia i hala, hiki ke helu ʻia he sonoristic. Ma kēia haku mele ʻana, hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā leo o ka nahele ma ka lipine, ke kani ʻana o nā manu a me ke kani ʻana. ʻAʻole kākau ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā mea kani me nā memo maʻamau, akā me ke kōkua o nā hōʻailona like ʻole a me nā kiʻi. Hoʻolālā manuahi nā mea hoʻokani e like me ka outline i hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi pānaʻi kupaianaha ma waena o nā leo o ke ʻano a me ke kani o nā mea kani.

E. Denisov "Hīmeni nā manu"

Ua haku ʻo Einojuhani Rautavaara i ka makahiki 1972 i kahi hana nani i kapa ʻia ʻo Cantus Arcticus (kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo Concerto for Birds and Orchestra), kahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai ka leo o nā leo o nā manu like ʻole i ka leo o ka ʻāpana orchestral.

E. Rautavaara – Cantus Arcticus

ʻO nā leo o nā manu, mālie a kaumaha, sonorous a hauʻoli, piha ke kino a me ka iridescent, e hoʻoulu mau i ka noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo o nā mea haku mele a paipai iā lākou e hana i nā haku mele hou.