Aha Orkestra |

Hui hoolele o Rusia. Hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1882 ma St. Petersburg e like me ka Aha Musical Choir e lawelawe i ka ʻaha imperial (ma ke kumu o ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o nā mele mele "nā papa mele" o ka Cavalry Guards and the Life Guards Cavalry Regiments). ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he 2 mau mea hoʻokani pila - he symphony a me ka makani. He nui nā mea hoʻokani pila o ka Court Orchestra i hoʻokani ma ka symphony a me ka hui keleawe (ma nā mea kani like ʻole). Ma muli o ka hoʻohālike o ka pūʻali koa, ua helu ʻia nā mea hoʻokani o ka "choir" ma ke ʻano he pūʻali koa, kahi i hiki ai ke hoʻokomo i nā mea hoʻokani akamai i koho ʻia i ka pūʻali (ua hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i ka poʻe i ʻike i ka hoʻokani ʻana i ʻelua mau mea kani - ke kaula a me ka makani) .

ʻO M. Frank ka mea hoʻokani pila mua o ka "choir"; ma 1888 ua pani ʻia ʻo ia e GI Varlikh; mai 1882, ʻo ka ʻāpana symphonic ka luna o G. Fliege, ma hope o kona make ʻana (i ka makahiki 1907) noho mau ʻo Warlich i ke alakaʻi poʻokela. Hoʻokani ka ʻaka mele i loko o nā hale aliʻi ma nā pōpole pā hale, nā hoʻokipa, i ka wā hoʻomaha aliʻi a me regimental. ʻO kāna mau hana pū kekahi me ke komo ʻana i nā ʻaha mele a me nā hana ma ke aloaliʻi o Gatchina, Tsarskoye Selo, Peterhof a me nā hale keaka Hermitage.

ʻO ke ʻano paʻa o nā hana a ka orchestra i hōʻike ʻia i ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka hana, i hopena i kahi repertoire haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻo ia ka mea nui o ke ʻano lawelawe (ka hele wāwae, nā kupapaʻu, nā mele). Ua ʻimi nā alakaʻi o ka ʻaha mele e hele ma mua o ka lawelawe ʻana i nā pōʻai hoʻokolokolo, e ʻimi i nā ala e hiki ai i ka lehulehu ākea. Ua hoʻokō ʻia kēia e nā ʻahamele hāmama ma ke kahua kauwela o ka māla ʻo Peterhof, nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻaʻahu lehulehu, a ma hope o nā ʻahamele ma nā keʻena o ka Hale Mele ʻO ka Aha Hoʻokolokolo a me ka Hale Aliʻi Nobility.

I ka makahiki 1896, ua lilo ka "choir" i ke kīwila a ua hoʻololi ʻia i loko o ka Court Orchestra, a ua loaʻa i kona mau lālā nā kuleana o nā mea pena kiʻi o nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni imperial. Mai ka makahiki 1898, ua ʻae ʻia ka Aha Hoʻokani pila e hāʻawi i nā ʻahamele lehulehu i uku ʻia. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i hiki i ka makahiki 1902 i hoʻomaka ai ke hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o nā mele symphonic classical Western European a me Rūsia i nā papahana ʻaha mele o ka Court Orchestra. I ka manawa like, ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Varlich, ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka "Orchestral Meetings of Musical News" i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, nā papahana i hana ʻia ma Rusia no ka manawa mua.

Mai ka makahiki 1912, ke hoʻomohala nei ka ʻAha Hoʻokolokolo i nā ʻano hana like ʻole (ke kaulana nei nā ʻaha mele o ka orchestra), e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā pōʻai o nā mele kahiko o nā mele Lūkini a me nā haole (i hui pū ʻia me nā haʻiʻōlelo kaulana), nā ʻahamele kūikawā i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana iā AK Lyadov, SI Taneyev, AN Scriabin. Ua alakaʻi ʻia kekahi mau ʻahamele o ka Aha Hoʻokani e nā malihini kipa nui (R. Strauss, A. Nikish, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe). I loko o kēia mau makahiki, ua loaʻa i ka Court Orchestra ka lanakila kūikawā ma ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā hana mele Lūkini.

He hale waihona mele a me ka hale hōʻikeʻike mele-historical i ka Court Orchestra. I Malaki i ka makahiki 1917, ua lilo ka Aha Hoʻokani i ka State Symphony Orchestra. E nānā i ka Hui Hoʻohanohano o Russia Academic Symphony Orchestra o ka St. Petersburg Philharmonic.

IM Yampolsky