Gleb Axelrod |

Gleb Axelrod

I ka manawa i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Gleb Axelrod: "Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka hana paʻakikī loa i nā anaina inā hana ʻia me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, me ka hoʻolaʻa piha a me ka maopopo." Loaʻa i kēia mau huaʻōlelo ka manaʻo noʻeau o ka mea pena. I ka manawa like, ʻike ʻia lākou ʻaʻole i ka pili pili wale nō, akā ʻo ka hoʻokō koʻikoʻi o kēia haku i nā kumu kumu o ke kula piano ʻo Ginzburg.

E like me ka nui o kona mau hoa hana, aia ke ala o Axelrod i ke kahua ʻaha mele nui ma o ka "purgatory hoʻokūkū". ʻEkolu manawa i komo ai ʻo ia i nā kaua pianistic a ʻekolu manawa hoʻi i kona ʻāina me nā laurels o ka laureate .. Ma ka hoʻokūkū Prague i kapa ʻia ma hope o Smetana i ka makahiki 1951, ua loaʻa iā ia ka makana mua; ua ukali ʻia e nā hoʻokūkū honua i kapa ʻia ma hope o M. Long – J. Thibault ma Paris (1955, makana ʻehā) a me ka inoa ʻo Vian da Mota ma Lisbon (1957, makana ʻelua). Ua mākaukau ʻo Axelrod no kēia mau hoʻokūkū āpau ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a GR Ginzburg. I loko o ka papa o kēia kumu kupaianaha, ua puka 'o ia mai ka Moscow Conservatory i ka makahiki 1948, a ma ka makahiki 1951 ua ho'opau 'o ia i kona papa puka puka. Mai ka makahiki 1959, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Axelrod iā ia iho e aʻo; i ka makahiki 1979 ua loaʻa iā ia ke poʻo poʻokela kumu.

ʻO ka ʻike ʻaha mele ʻo Akselrod (a hoʻokani ʻo ia ma ko mākou ʻāina a ma waho) ma kahi o kanahā mau makahiki. I loko o kēia manawa, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi o ka mea pena, kahi i hōʻike mua ʻia e ke akamai maikaʻi loa, ka maopopo o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā manaʻo. Ma kekahi o nā loiloi, kākau ʻo A. Gottlieb: “G. Ua lanakila koke ʻo Axelrod i ka hilinaʻi o ka mea hoʻolohe me kona manaʻoʻiʻo, ka mālie o loko o ke kanaka ʻike i kāna mea e hoʻoikaika nei. ʻO kāna hana, kuʻuna ma ke ʻano maikaʻi loa, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo o ka kikokikona a me kāna wehewehe ʻana e ko mākou mau haku maikaʻi loa. Hoʻohui ʻo ia i ka monumentality o ka haku mele holoʻokoʻa me ka hoʻopau pono ʻana i nā kikoʻī, ke ʻano like ʻole me ka subtlety a me ka māmā o ke kani. He ʻono maikaʻi a he ʻano hanohano ka mea hoʻokani piano.” E hoʻohui i kēia ʻano ʻē aʻe mai ka makasina "Soviet Music": "He virtuoso ʻo Gleb Axelrod, like loa me ke ʻano me Carlo Cecchi ... ʻo ia ka nani a me ka maʻalahi i nā paukū, ka hoʻomanawanui like ʻana i ka ʻenehana nui, ke ʻano like o ke ʻano. . He leʻaleʻa ko Axelrod i ka leo, ʻōlinolino nā kala.

ʻO kēia mau mea a pau e hoʻoholo i ka laulā o ka repertory inclinations o ka mea pena. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i loko o kāna mau papahana aia nā "paʻa paʻa" maʻamau i kēlā me kēia mea hoʻokani piano: Scarlatti, Haydn, Beethoven, Schubert, Liszt, Chopin, Brahms, Debussy. Ma ka manawa like, ua ʻoi aku kona hoihoi i ka pianoforte Tchaikovsky (First Concerto, Grand Sonata, The Four Seasons) ma mua o Rachmaninov. Ma nā pepa ʻaha mele a Axelrod, aneane pinepine mākou e ʻike i nā inoa o nā mea haku mele o ke kenekulia XNUMX (J. Sibelius, B. Bartok, P. Hindemith), nā haku mele Soviet. ʻAʻole e haʻi i ka "kuʻuna" S. Prokofiev, hoʻokani ʻo ia i nā preludes a D. Shostakovich. ʻEkolu Concerto a me Sonatina Mua na D. Kabalevsky, hoʻokani ʻia e R. Shchedrin. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻimi noiʻi o Axelrod i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i kēlā me kēia manawa ke huli ʻo ia i nā haku mele ʻole; ʻO ka pāʻani ʻo Liszt "Memories of Russia" a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka Scherzo mai Tchaikovsky's Sixth Symphony na S. Feinberg hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻaʻole like me nā laureates ʻē aʻe, waiho ʻo Gleb Axelrod i nā ʻāpana hoʻokūkū kikoʻī i kāna repertoire no ka manawa lōʻihi: nā hula piano o Smetana, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana a nā mea haku mele Pukiki ʻo J. de Sousa Carvalho a i ʻole J. Seixas, ʻaʻole lohe pinepine ʻia. i loko o kā mākou papa mele.

Ma keʻano laulā, e like me ka Soviet Music magazine i hōʻike ai i ka makahiki 1983, "ʻoluʻolu ka ʻuhane o ka ʻōpio i kāna ʻano hana hoʻoikaika." Ma ke ʻano he laʻana i kekahi o nā papahana hou a ka piano (ʻewalu preludes e Shostakovich, nā hana lima ʻehā a Beethoven i kahi hui me O. Glebov, nā ʻāpana i koho ʻia e Liszt), ka mea loiloi e huki i ka manaʻo i ka mea i hiki ai ke hana. e hōʻike i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o kāna ʻano hoʻohālike a me nā ʻano hana repertoire o kahi mea pena kanaka makua. "Ma Shostakovich a ma Liszt hiki i kekahi ke hoʻomaopopo i ke kiʻi kiʻi o ka huaʻōlelo i loaʻa iā G. Axelrod, ka hana o ka leo, ka pilina kūlohelohe me ka mele, a ma o ia me ka poʻe hoʻolohe. Ua kali ʻia ka kūleʻa kūikawā i ka mea pena ma nā haku mele a Liszt. ʻO ka hauʻoli o ka hui ʻana me nā mele a Liszt - ʻo ia kaʻu e makemake ai e kapa i ka manaʻo o kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa, piha i nā mea i ʻike ʻia (elastic accentuation, subtle, ma nā ʻano he nui nā nuances dynamics, kahi laina rubato parodied) heluhelu o ka Second Hungarian Rhapsody . I loko o "The Bells of Geneva" a me "Funeral Procession" - ka hana like ʻole, ka waiwai kupanaha like o kahi aloha maoli, waiwai i ka sonority piano coloristic.

Ua ʻike nui ʻia ka hana kiʻi a Axelrod ma ka home a ma waho: ua mākaʻikaʻi ʻo ia, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ma Italia, Sepania, Pokukala, Farani, Kelemānia, Finland, Czechoslovakia, Polani, a me ʻAmelika Latin.

Mai ka makahiki 1997 noho ʻo G. Axelrod ma Kelemānia. Ua make ʻo ia ma ʻOkakopa 2, 2003 ma Hannover.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.