Munich Philharmonic Orchestra (Münchner Philharmoniker) |

Münchner Philharmoniker

Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Munich Philharmonic Orchestra i ka makahiki 1893 ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Franz Keim, ke keiki a kahi hale hana piano, a ua kapa ʻia ʻo Keim Orchestra. Mai nā makahiki mua o kona ola ʻana, ua alakaʻi ʻia ka orchestra e nā alakaʻi kaulana e like me Hans Winderstein, Hermann Zumpe a me ka haumāna Bruckner Ferdinand Löwe. Mahalo i kēia, ua hōʻike ka orchestra i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka hana, a ua nui loa kāna repertoire a ua komo pū kekahi mau hana a nā haku haku o kēia wā.

Eia kekahi, mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ʻo ka mea nui o ka manaʻo noʻeau o ka orchestra ʻo ia ka makemake e hiki i nā ʻāpana āpau o ka heluna kanaka ke komo i kāna mau ʻaha mele, mahalo i nā papahana hana a me nā kulekele kumu kūʻai democratic.

I ka makahiki 1901 a me 1910 ua hoʻokani ka orchestra i kā Gustav Mahler's Fourth and Eighth Symphonies no ka manawa mua. Ua mālama ʻia nā hana mua ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a ka mea haku mele ponoʻī. I Nowemapa i ka makahiki 1911, ʻeono mahina ma hope o ka make ʻana o Mahler, ua hoʻokani ʻia ka mele mele a ka Honua a Mahler i alakaʻi ʻia e Bruno Walter no ka manawa mua. Ma mua koke o kēia, ua kapa hou ʻia ka hui ʻo ka Orchestra of the Concert Society.

Mai ka makahiki 1908 a hiki i ka makahiki 1914, ua lawe ʻo Ferdinand Löwe ma luna o ka orkestra. Ma ka lā 1 o Malaki, 1898, ua hoʻokani lanakila ʻo Bruckner's Fifth Symphony ma Vienna ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ua alakaʻi pinepine ʻo Ferdinand Loewe i nā hana a Bruckner a ua hana i ka moʻomeheu o ka hoʻokani ʻana i nā symphonies a kēia haku mele e kū nei a hiki i kēia lā.

I ka wā o Sigmund von Hausegger (1920–1938) ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi hoʻokani pila, ua kapa hou ʻia ka inoa ʻo Munich Philharmonic Orchestra. Mai ka makahiki 1938 a hiki i ka makahiki 1944, ua alakaʻi ʻia ka orkestra e ke alakaʻi o Austrian ʻo Oswald Kabasta, nāna i hoʻomohala maikaʻi i ka moʻomeheu o ka hoʻokani ʻana i nā symphonies a Bruckner.

ʻO ka ʻaha mele mua ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II ua wehe ʻia e Eugen Jochum me ka hoʻomaka ʻana iā Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream na Felix Mendelssohn, nona ka mele i pāpā ʻia ma lalo o ka National Socialism. I nā makahiki ma hope o ke kaua, ua alakaʻi nā haku koʻikoʻi e like me Fritz Rieger (1949–1966) a me Rudolf Kempe (1967–1976) i ka orchestra.

I Pepeluali 1979, ua alakaʻi ʻo Sergiu Celibidache i kāna hui mua o nā ʻaha mele me ka Munich Philharmonic Orchestra. I Iune o ia makahiki hoʻokahi, ua lilo ʻo ia i alakaʻi mele no ka hui. Me Sergiu Celibidache, ua huakaʻi ka Munich Orchestra i nā kūlanakauhale ʻEulopa he nui, a me ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻAsia. ʻO nā hana o nā hana a Bruckner, i hana ʻia ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi, ua ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he poʻokela a hoʻonui nui i ka hanohano honua o ka orchestra.

Mai Kepakemapa 1999 a Iulai 2004 ʻo James Levine ka Luna Hoʻokele o ka Munich Philharmonic. Me ia, ua hele lōʻihi nā mea hoʻokani pila o ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika. I Ianuali 2004, ua lilo ʻo Maestro Zubin Mehta i alakaʻi hoʻokipa mua ma ka mōʻaukala o ka orchestra.

Mai Mei 2003 ʻo Christian Thielemann ke alakaʻi mele o ka hui. Ma ʻOkakopa 20, 2003, ua loaʻa i ka Munich Philharmonic Orchestra ka hanohano o ka hoʻokani ʻana i mua o Pope Benedict XVI i ka Vatican. Ua hoʻolohe ʻia ka ʻahamele e 7000 mau malihini i kono ʻia, a aia ʻo maestro Tieleman ma ke kahua o ke alakaʻi.

Nā alakaʻi mele:

1893-1895 – Hans Winderstein 1895—1897 — German Zumpe 1897-1898 – Ferdinand Loewe 1898-1905 – Felix Weingartner 1905—1908 — Georg Schneefoigt 1908-1914 – Ferdinand Loewe 1919-1920 – Felix Weingartner 1920—1938 — Georg Schneefoigt 1938-1944 – Ferdinand Loewe 1945 – Ferdinand Loewe 1948 – Ferdinand Loewe 1949 – Ferdinand Loewe -1966 — Osvald Cabasta 1967-1976 – Hans Rosbaud 1979—1996 — Fritz Rieger 1999-2004 – Rudolf Kempe 2004—2012 — to Sergiu Celibidake 2012-2014 – 2015 Christian Levine XNUMX – James-XNUMX – James-XNUMX Christian Levine. ʻO Valery Abisalovich Gergiev

Puna: mariinsky.ru