Oda Abramovna Slobodskaya |

Oda Slobodskaya

Aia kekahi hihia i ka wā o ka hua'ōlelo "ka makahiki like me ʻOkakopa" ʻaʻole kani e like me ka peʻa paʻa a me ka hapa poina o ka wā Soviet, akā lawe i kahi manaʻo kūikawā. Ua hoʻomaka e like me kēia…

“Ua ʻaʻahu ʻia i ka ʻaʻahu porphyry waiwai, me ke koʻokoʻo ma koʻu mau lima, me ka lei aliʻi o ka Mōʻī Sepania ʻo Pilipo ma koʻu poʻo, haʻalele wau i ka hale pule i ke kahua ... kani koke ka pana. Ma ke ʻano he mōʻī ʻaʻole hoʻi i hoʻopaʻapaʻa, hoʻolohe wau me ka ʻoi loa - he pane kēia iaʻu? Hoʻopiʻi hou ka pana. Mai ke kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻanuʻu o ka hale pule, ʻike wau ua haʻalulu nā kānaka. ʻO ke kolu o ka pana a me ka hā - hoʻokahi ma hope o kekahi. Ua hakahaka ko'u wahi. Ua neʻe ka poʻe hīmeni a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā ʻēheu a, poina i ka poʻe heretics, hoʻomaka lākou e kūkākūkā nui i ke ala e holo ai ... I hoʻokahi minute ma hope, holo ka poʻe ma hope o ke kahua me ka ʻōlelo ʻana e lele ana nā pūpū ma ka ʻaoʻao a ʻaʻohe mea e makaʻu ai. Noho mākou ma ke kahua a hoʻomau i ka hana. Noho ka anaina ma ke keʻena me ka ʻike ʻole i ke ala e holo ai, a no laila ua hoʻoholo lākou e noho mālie.

No ke aha nā pū? ninau aku makou i na elele. - A ʻo kēia, ʻike ʻoe, ʻo ka moku holo moku ʻo "Aurora" e kīkī ana i ka Winter Palace, kahi e hui ai ke Aupuni Kūikawā ...

ʻO kēia ʻāpana kaulana mai nā memo a Chaliapin "The Mask and the Soul" ua ʻike nui ʻia e nā mea a pau. ʻAʻole i ʻike nui ʻia ma kēia lā poina ʻole, ʻOkakopa 25 (November 7), 1917, ka hoʻomaka ʻana ma ke kahua opera o ka mea mele ʻōpio ʻike ʻole ʻia ʻo Oda Slobodskaya, nāna i hana i ka ʻāpana o Elizabeth.

ʻEhia mau kālena Lūkini maikaʻi, me nā mele mele, i koi ʻia e haʻalele i ko lākou ʻāina hānau ma hope o ka hoʻokahuli Bolshevik no kekahi kumu a i ʻole. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomanawanui ʻia nā pilikia o ke ola Soviet no nā mea he nui. Aia ma waena o lākou ʻo Slobodskaya.

Ua hānauʻia ka mea mele ma Vilna i ka lā 28 o Nowemapa, 1895. Ua aʻoʻo ia ma ka Conservatory o St. Petersburg, kahi i aʻo aiʻo ia ma ka papa leo me N. Iretskaya a ma ka papa opera me I. Ershov. ʻOiai he haumana ʻo ia, ua hoʻokani ʻo ia i ka symphony 9 a Beethoven i alakaʻi ʻia e Sergei Koussevitzky.

Ma hope o ka holomua holomua, ua hoʻomau ka mea hana kiʻi ʻōpio i ka hana ma ka People's House, a ʻike koke ʻia ma ke kahua o ka Mariinsky Theatre, kahi i hoʻomaka ai ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he Lisa (ma waena o nā hana ʻē aʻe i kēlā mau makahiki ʻo Masha ma Dubrovsky, Fevronia, Margarita, Moiwahine o Semakhan, Elena ma Mephistopheles). ). Eia naʻe, ua hele mai ka kaulana maoli i Slobodskaya ma waho wale nō, kahi i haʻalele ai i ka makahiki 1921.

Ma ka lā 3 o Iune, 1922, ua mālama ʻia ka honua mua o F. Stravinsky's Mavra ma Paris Grand Opera ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana ʻo Diaghilev, kahi i hoʻokani ai ka mea mele i ke kuleana nui o Parasha. Ua hīmeni ʻo Elena Sadoven (Neighbor) lāua ʻo Stefan Belina-Skupevsky (Hussar) i ka hoʻomaka mua. ʻO kēia hana i hōʻailona i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi ʻoihana kūleʻa ma ke ʻano he mele.

ʻO Berlin, nā huakaʻi me ka hui mele Ukrainian ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me ʻAmelika Hema, nā hana ma Mexico, Paris, Lākana, Holland, Belgium - ʻo ia nā mea nui o ka ʻāina o kāna moʻomeheu hana. I ka makahiki 1931, he 10 mau makahiki ma hope o ka hui pū ʻana ma Petrograd, hoʻohui hou ka hopena iā Slobodskaya a me Chaliapin. Ma Lākana, komo pū ʻo ia me ia i ka huakaʻi o ka hui opera ʻo A. Tsereteli, hīmeni i ka ʻāpana o Natasha ma "Mermaid".

Ma waena o nā lanakila nui loa o Slobodskaya i ka makahiki 1932 ma Covent Garden e like me Venus ma Tannhauser me L. Melchior, i ka manawa 1933/34 ma La Scala (mahele o Fevronia) a, hope loa, ke komo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo Pelekane o ka opera a D. Shostakovich. "Lady Macbeth o ka Mtsensk District", i hana ʻia ma 1936 e A. Coates ma Lākana (kahi hapa o Katerina Izmailova).

I ka makahiki 1941, i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kaua, ua komo ʻo Oda Slobodskaya i ka papahana Pelekane hoihoi loa, i hana ʻia e ka alakaʻi alakaʻi kaulana, he kamaʻāina o Rūsia, ʻo Anatoly Fistulari *. Ua mālama ʻia ʻo Mussorgsky's Sorochinskaya Fair ma ka hale keaka ʻo Savoy. Ua hīmeni ʻo Slobodskaya i ke kuleana o Parasi i ka opera. Ua komo pū ʻo Kira Vane i ka papahana, e wehewehe kikoʻī ana i kēia hana i kāna mau memo.

Me nā hana ma ke kahua opera, ua hana maikaʻi ʻo Slobodskaya ma ka lekiō, i hui pū me ka BBC. Ua komo ʻo ia ma ʻaneʻi i ka hana ʻo The Queen of Spades, e hana ana i ka ʻāpana o ka Countess.

Ma hope o ke kaua, noho nui ka mea mele a hana ma ʻEnelani, e hana ikaika ana i nā hana ʻahamele. He unuhi ʻōlelo akamai ʻo ia i nā hana keʻena e S. Rachmaninov, A. Grechaninov, I. Stravinsky a, ʻoi aku hoʻi, ʻo N. Medtner, kahi āna i hana pinepine ai me ia. Ua mālama ʻia ka hana a ka mea mele ma nā hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā ʻoihana gramophone ʻo His Masters Voice, Saga, Decca (Medtner's romances, hana a Stravinsky, J. Sibelius, "Tatyana's Letter" a me ke mele a M. Blanter "In the Front Forest"). I ka makahiki 1983, ua paʻi ʻia kekahi mau mele a Slobodskaya e ka hui Melodiya ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka disc a ka mea kākau a N. Medtner.

Ua hoʻopauʻo Slobodskaya i kānaʻoihana i ka makahiki 1960. I ka makahiki 1961, ua kipaʻo ia i ka USSR, e kipa ana i nāʻohana ma Leningrad. ʻO ke kāne a Slobodskaya, he pailaka, ua make i ke kaua ma ke kaua ʻEnelani. Ua make ʻo Slobodskaya ma Iulai 30, 1970 ma Lākana.

'Ōlelo Aʻo:

* Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Anatoly Grigoryevich Fistulari (1907-1995) ma Kyiv. Ua aʻo ʻo ia ma St. Petersburg me kona makuakāne, he alakaʻi alakaʻi kaulana i kona wā. He kamaliʻi maikaʻi ʻo ia, i ka makahiki ʻehiku ua hoʻokani ʻo ia i ka symphony 6th a Tchaikovsky me kahi orchestra. I ka makahiki 1929 ua haʻalele ʻo ia iā Rusia. Ua komo i loko o nā ʻoihana like ʻole. Ma waena o nā hana opera ʻo Boris Godunov me Chaliapin (1933), The Barber of Seville (1933), The Sorochinskaya Fair (1941) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ua hana ʻo ia me ka Russian Ballet o Monte Carlo, ka London Philharmonic Orchestra (mai 1943). Ua hana pū ʻo ia ma USA a me New Zealand. Ua mare ʻo ia i ke kaikamahine a Gustav Mahler Anna.

E. Tsoodokov