ʻO ka mea huna o nā violin Stradivarius nani

ʻAʻole i hoʻokumu pono ʻia ka wahi a me ka lā i hānau ʻia ai ka haku violinist Italia kaulana ʻo Antonio Stradivari. ʻO nā makahiki i manaʻo ʻia o kona ola ʻana mai 1644 a i 1737. 1666, Cremona – he hōʻailona kēia ma kekahi o nā violin a ka haku, kahi kumu e ʻōlelo ai i kēia makahiki ua noho ʻo ia ma Cremona a he haumāna ʻo Nicolo Amati.

Ua hana ka haku nui ma mua o 1000 violins, cellos a me violas, e hāʻawi ana i kona ola i ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mea kani e hoʻonani mau ai i kona inoa. Ma kahi o 600 o lākou i ola a hiki i kēia lā. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe loea i kona makemake mau e hāʻawi i kāna mau mea kani me ke kani ikaika a me ka timbre momona.

ʻO ka poʻe ʻoihana ʻoihana, ʻike e pili ana i ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o nā violin a ka haku, hāʻawi e kūʻai i nā fakes mai iā lākou me ka maʻamau enviable. Ua hōʻailona ʻo Stradivari i nā violin āpau i ke ʻano like. ʻO kāna hōʻailona ka hua mua AB a me kahi keʻa Maltese i kau ʻia i loko o ka pōʻai pālua. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo o nā violins hiki ke hōʻoia wale ʻia e kahi loea akamai loa.

ʻO kekahi mau mea mai ka moʻolelo o Stradivari

Ua kū ka puʻuwai o ka mea akamai ʻo Antonio Stradivari ma Dekemaba 18, 1737. Ua manaʻo ʻia ua hiki iā ia ke ola mai 89 a 94 mau makahiki, e hana ana ma kahi o 1100 violins, cellos, pālua basses a me nā viola. Ua hana ʻo ia i ka lira. No ke aha i ʻike ʻole ʻia ai ka makahiki hānau o ka haku? ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua noho aliʻi ke ahulau ma ʻEulopa i ka makahiki XNUMX. ʻO ka pilikia o ka maʻi i koi aku i nā mākua o Antonio e puʻuhonua i ko lākou kauhale ʻohana. Ua hoʻopakele kēia i ka ʻohana.

ʻAʻole maopopo i ke kumu, i ka makahiki 18, ua huli ʻo Stradivari iā Nicolo Amati, kahi mea hana violin. Ua haʻi paha kou puʻuwai iā ʻoe? Ua ʻike koke ʻo Amati iā ia ma ke ʻano he haumāna akamai a lawe iā ia i haumāna. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Antonio i kona ola hana ma ke ʻano he limahana. A laila ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i ka hana o ka hana lāʻau filigree, e hana ana me ka varnish a me ke kāpili. Pēlā i aʻo mālie ai ka haumāna i nā mea huna o ka haku.

He aha ka mea huna o Stradivarius violins?

Uaʻikeʻia uaʻike nuiʻo Stradivari i nā mea maʻalahi o ka "hana" o nā'āpana lāʻau o ka violin; ʻO nā meaʻai no ka kukeʻana i kahi varnish kūikawā a me nā mea huna o ka hoʻokomo ponoʻana i nā kaula i hōʻikeʻia iā ia. Ma mua o ka pau ʻana o ka hana, ua hoʻomaopopo mua ka haku i loko o kona puʻuwai inā hiki i ka violin ke mele nani a ʻaʻole paha.

ʻAʻole hiki i nā haku kiʻekiʻe ke ʻoi aku ma mua o Stradivari; ʻAʻole lākou i aʻo e ʻike i ka lāʻau i loko o ko lākou puʻuwai e like me kāna i manaʻo ai. Ke ho'āʻo nei nā kānaka ʻepekema e hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu o ka sonority maʻemaʻe o Stradivarius violins.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Professor Joseph Nagivari (USA) no ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau, ua mālama ʻia ka maple i hoʻohana ʻia e nā mea hana violin kaulana o ke kenekulia 18. Hoʻopili kēia i ka ikaika a me ka mahanahana o ke kani o nā mea kani. Ua noʻonoʻo ʻo ia: hiki anei i ka mālama ʻana i nā fungi a me nā inike ke kuleana no ka maʻemaʻe a me ka ʻōlinolino o ke kani o nā mea kani Cremonese? Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka resonance magnetic nuklea a me ka spectroscopy infrared, ua kālailai ʻo ia i nā laʻana lāʻau mai ʻelima mau mea kani.

Kūʻē ʻo Nagivari inā ʻike ʻia nā hopena o ke kaʻina hana kemika, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka ʻenehana hana violin hou. E kani ana na violin me he miliona dala. A e hōʻoia nā mea hoʻihoʻi i ka mālama maikaʻi loa o nā mea kani kahiko.

ʻO ka varnish i uhi i nā mea kani Stradivarius i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ua hōʻike ʻia aia i loko o kāna haku i nā hale nanoscale. ʻIke ʻia ʻekolu mau kenekulia i hala aku nei ua hilinaʻi nā mea hana violin i ka nanotechnology.

3 makahiki aku nei ua hana mākou i kahi hoʻokolohua hoihoi. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke kani o kahi violin Stradivarius a me kahi violin i hana ʻia e Professor Nagivari. 600 mau mea hoʻolohe, me 160 mau mea hoʻokani pila, i loiloi i ka leo a me ka ikaika o ke kani ma ka pālākiō 10-point. ʻO ka hopena, ua loaʻa i ka violin a Nagivari nā helu kiʻekiʻe. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe hana violin a me nā mea hoʻokani pila mai ka kemika mai ke kilokilo o ka leo o kā lākou mau mea kani. ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku kahiko, makemake lākou e mālama i ko lākou waiwai kiʻekiʻe, makemake lākou e mālama i ka aura o ka mea pohihihi o nā violins kahiko.