Christoph Eschenbach |

Christopher Eschenbach

ʻO ka Luna Hoʻokele a me ka Luna Nui o ka Washington National Symphony Orchestra a me ka Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, ʻo Christoph Eschenbach he mea hana mau loa me nā hale mele a me nā hale keaka kaulana loa o ka honua. He haumāna ʻo George Sell lāua ʻo Herbert von Karajan, ua alakaʻi ʻo Eschenbach i nā hui e like me ka Orchester de Paris (2000-2010), ka Philadelphia Symphony Orchestra (2003-2008), ka North German Radio Symphony Orchestra (1994-2004), ka Houston Symphony Orchestra (1988) -1999), Tonhalle Orchestra; ʻO ia ke alakaʻi no nā ʻaha mele ma Ravinia a me Schleswig-Holstein.

ʻO ka makahiki 2016/17 ka ʻehiku a me ka manawa hope o ka maestro ma NSO a me ka Kennedy Center. I loko o kēia manawa, ua hana ka mea hoʻokani pila ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi i ʻekolu mau huakaʻi nui, a he lanakila nui ia: ma 2012 - ma ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau; ma 2013 - ma ʻEulopa a me Oman; i 2016 - hou i ʻEulopa. Eia kekahi, hana mau ʻo Christoph Eschenbach a me ka orchestra ma Carnegie Hall. ʻO nā hanana o kēia kau ka mua o ka U.Marsalis Violin Concerto ma ka US East Coast, he hana i kauoha ʻia e ka NSO, a me ka ʻaha mele hope o ka papahana Exploring Mahler.

ʻO nā hana a Christoph Eschenbach i kēia manawa he hana hou o ka opera a B. Britten The Turn of the Screw at Milan's La Scala, nā hana ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi malihini me ka Orchester de Paris, ka National Orchestra o Sepania, ka Seoul a me London Philharmonic Orchestras, ka Philharmonic Orchestra. o Radio Netherlands, ka National Orchestra of France, Royal Philharmonic Orchestra of Stockholm.

He discography nui ko Kristof Eschenbach ma ke ʻano he pianist a me ke alakaʻi, e hui pū ana me kekahi mau hui hoʻopaʻa leo kaulana. Ma waena o nā hoʻopaʻa ʻana me NSO ka album "Remembering John F. Kennedy" na Ondine. Ma ka lepili like, ua hana ʻia nā hoʻopaʻa leo me ka Philadelphia Orchestra a me ka Orchester de Paris; me ka hope ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kekahi album ma Deutsche Grammophon; Ua hoʻopaʻa ka mea alakaʻi me ka London Philharmonic ma EMI / LPO Live, me ka London Symphony ma DG / BM, ka Vienna Philharmonic ma Decca, ka North German Radio Symphony a me ka Houston Symphony ma Koch.

ʻO ka nui o nā hana a ka maestro ma ke kahua o ka hoʻopaʻa leo leo i loaʻa i nā makana hanohano, me ka Grammy ma 2014; nā koho "Disc of the Month" e like me ka BBC magazine, "Editor's Choice" e like me ka Gramophon magazine, a me kahi makana mai ka German Association of Music Critics. Ua lanakila ʻo Kaia Saariaho me ka Orchestra de Paris a me ka soprano Karita Mattila i ka makahiki 2009 i ka makana o ka jure ʻoihana o ka hui mele nui loa o ʻEulopa MIDEM (Marché International du Disque et de l'Edition Musicale). Eia kekahi, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo Christoph Eschenbach i kahi pōʻai holoʻokoʻa o nā symphonies a H. Mahler me ka Orchestra de Paris, i loaʻa manuahi ma ka pūnaewele o ka mea hoʻokani.

Hōʻailona ʻia nā pono o Christoph Eschenbach e nā makana hanohano a me nā poʻo inoa ma nā ʻāina he nui o ka honua. ʻO Maestro – Chevalier o ka Papa Hoʻohanohano o ka Legion of Honor, ka Luna Hoʻokele o ka Papa Hoʻonaʻauao a me nā leka maikaʻi o Farani, ka Luna Nui o ke Keʻa o ka Papa Hoʻohanohano no ka Federal Republic of Germany a me ka National Order of the Federal Republic of Germany; ka mea lanakila o ka makana L. Bernstein i hāʻawi ʻia e ka Pacific Music Festival, nona ka mea hoʻokele noʻeau ʻo K. Eschenbach i ka makahiki 90. Ma 2015 ua loaʻa iā ia ka makana Ernst von Siemens, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Nobel Prize" ma ke kahua mele.

Hāʻawi ʻo Maestro i ka manawa nui i ke aʻo ʻana; hāʻawi mau i nā papa haku ma ke kula ʻo Manhattan School of Music, ka Kronberg Academy a ma ka Schleswig-Holstein Festival, hui pinepine me ka ʻōpio ʻōpio o ka ʻahaʻaina. Ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana me ka NSO ma Wakinekona, ua ʻae ʻo Eschenbach i nā hoa haumāna e komo i nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa ma kahi kūlike me nā mea hoʻokani pila.

I loko o nā makahiki mua ma hope o ke kaua ma West Germany, ua maopopo ka lag o ka hana piano. No nā kumu he nui (ʻo ka hoʻoilina o ka wā i hala, nā hemahema o ka hoʻonaʻauao mele, a me ka manawa wale nō), ʻaʻole loa i lawe nā pianists Kelemania i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe ma nā hoʻokūkū honua, ʻaʻole i komo i ke kahua ʻaha mele nui. ʻO ia ke kumu mai ka manawa i ʻike ʻia ai e pili ana i ke ʻano o kahi keikikāne maikaʻi loa, ua holo wikiwiki nā maka o ka poʻe mele mele iā ia me ka manaʻolana. A, ʻaʻole i makehewa.

Ua ʻike ʻo Conductor Eugen Jochum iā ia i ka makahiki 10, ma hope o ke aʻo ʻana o ke keikikāne no ʻelima mau makahiki ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a kona makuahine, pianist a me ka mea mele ʻo Vallidor Eschenbach. Ua haʻi aku ʻo Jochum iā ia i ke kumu ʻo Hamburg ʻo Elise Hansen. Ua wikiwiki ka piʻi ʻana o Eschenbach, akā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻaʻole ia i hoʻopilikia i kāna ulu ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻōnaehana a ʻaʻole ia i lilo i keiki prodigy. I ka makahiki 11, ua lilo ʻo ia i mea mua i ka hoʻokūkū no nā mea hoʻokani mele ʻōpio i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka hui Stenway ma Hamburg; i ka makahiki 13, ua hana ʻo ia ma luna o ka papahana ma ka Munich International Competition a ua loaʻa iā ia kahi makana kūikawā; ma 19 ua loaʻa iā ia kahi makana hou - ma ka hoʻokūkū no nā haumāna o nā kula mele ma Kelemānia. I kēia manawa a pau, hoʻomau ʻo Eschenbach i ke aʻo ʻana - mua ma Hamburg, a laila ma ke Kula ʻo Cologne Higher School of Music me X. Schmidt, a laila ma Hamburg me E. Hansen, akā ʻaʻole pilikino, akā ma ke Kula ʻo Higher School of Music (1959-1964). ).

ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kāna ʻoihana ʻoihana i lawe mai iā Eschenbach i ʻelua mau makana kiʻekiʻe i uku ʻia no ka hoʻomanawanui o kona mau hoa aloha - ʻo ka makana ʻelua ma ka Munich International Competition (1962) a me ka Clara Haskil Prize - ʻo ia wale nō ka makana no ka mea lanakila o ka hoʻokūkū i kapa ʻia ma hope ona. Lucerne (1965).

ʻO ia ke kapikala hoʻomaka o ka mea pena - nani loa. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ka poʻe hoʻolohe i kāna mele, hoʻolaʻa i ke kiʻi, hoʻopiha ʻenehana o ka pāʻani. ʻO nā diski mua ʻelua a Eschenbach - nā haku mele a Mozart a me "Trout Quintet" a Schubert (me ka "Kekkert Quartet") i loaʻa maikaʻi ʻia e ka poʻe hoʻohewa. "ʻO ka poʻe e hoʻolohe ana i kāna hana ʻo Mozart," ua heluhelu mākou i ka makasina "Music," hiki ke loaʻa ka manaʻo e ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano kanaka ma ʻaneʻi, i kāhea ʻia mai ke kiʻekiʻe o ko mākou manawa e ʻike hou i nā hana piano a ka haku nui. ʻAʻole maopopo iā mākou kahi e alakaʻi ai kāna ala koho iā ia - i Bach, Beethoven a i ʻole Brahms, iā Schumann, Ravel a i ʻole Bartok. Akā ʻo ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike wale i kahi ʻoluʻolu ʻuhane ʻē aʻe (ʻoiai ʻo ia paha, e hāʻawi iā ia i ka manawa e hoʻopili ai i nā polar e kū'ē ana), akā he ʻuhane hoʻi.

Ua oo koke ke talena o ka pianist opio a ua kukulu mua ia: hiki i kekahi ke hoopaapaa, e pili ana i ka manao o ka poe akamai mana, he umi a me ka hapa i hala aku nei, aole okoa kona helehelena mai keia la. He ʻano repertoire kēlā. Me ka liʻiliʻi, ua huki ʻia kēlā mau papa palapala piano a “Muzika” i kākau ai i loko o ka orbit o ka manaʻo o ka mea hoʻokani piano. Ua lohe nui ʻia ʻo Sonatas na Beethoven, Schubert, Liszt i kāna mau ʻahamele. ʻO nā hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā pāʻani a Bartók, nā hana piano a Schumann, nā quintets a Schumann a me Brahms, nā concerto a me nā sonata a Beethoven, nā sonata a Haydn, a ʻo ka hope loa, ka hōʻiliʻili piha ʻana o nā sonata a Mozart ma nā moʻolelo ʻehiku, a me ka hapa nui o nā duets piano a Mozart lāua ʻo Schubert, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. e ia me ka mea hookani piano, ua hookuu ia mai kekahi. Justus Franz. Ma nā hana ʻaha mele a me nā hoʻopaʻa leo, hōʻike mau ka mea pena i kāna mele a me kāna ulu ʻana i ka versatility. I ka loiloi ʻana i kāna wehewehe ʻana i ka sonata Hammerklavier paʻakikī loa a Beethoven (Op. 106), ʻike nui ka poʻe loiloi i ka hōʻole ʻana i nā mea āpau o waho, o nā kuʻuna i ʻae ʻia ma ka tempo, ritardando a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, "ʻaʻole i loko o nā memo a i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e nā pianists no ka hōʻoia ʻana. ko lākou holomua ma ka lehulehu. Hoʻomaopopo ʻo Critic X. Krelman i kāna wehewehe ʻana iā Mozart, "E hoʻokani ʻo Eschenbach ma muli o kahi kahua ʻuhane paʻa āna i hana ai nona iho a lilo i kumu no ka hana koʻikoʻi a kuleana nona."

Me nā mele kahiko, hoihoi pū ʻia ka mea pena i nā mele hou, a ʻo ka poʻe haku haku o kēia wā ua hoihoi ʻia e kāna talena. ʻO kekahi o lākou he poʻe paʻahana Kelemania Komohana koʻikoʻi ʻo G. Bialas lāua ʻo H.-W. Henze, hoʻolaʻa piano concerto iā Eschenbach, ka mea hoʻokani mua i lilo ai ʻo ia.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole ikaika ka hana ʻahamele a Eschenbach, ka mea paʻa iā ia iho, e like me kekahi o kāna mau hoa hana, ua hana mua ʻo ia ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika, me ka USA. I ka makahiki 1968, ua komo ka mea pena kiʻi no ka manawa mua i ka pāʻina puna Prague. ʻO ka Soviet critic V. Timokhin, ka mea i hoʻolohe iā ia, hāʻawi i kēia ʻano ʻano o Eschenbach: "ʻO ia, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he mea hoʻokani pila, hāʻawi ʻia me ka noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo waiwai, hiki iā ia ke hana i kāna honua mele ponoʻī a noho i kahi paʻakikī a paʻakikī. ola ma ka pōʻai o kāna mau kiʻi. Eia nō naʻe, me he mea lā iaʻu ʻo Eschenbach kahi pianist keʻena. Haʻalele ʻo ia i ka manaʻo nui loa i nā hana i hoʻopili ʻia me ka noʻonoʻo lyrical a me ka nani mele. Akā, ʻo ka mana kupaianaha o ka piano e hana i kāna honua mele ponoʻī e ʻae iā mākou, inā ʻaʻole i nā mea āpau, a laila me ka hoihoi ʻole, e hahai i kona ʻike ʻana i kāna mau manaʻo kumu, pehea ʻo ia e hana ai i kāna mau manaʻo. ʻO kēia, i koʻu manaʻo, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka holomua nui a Eschenbach e hauʻoli nei me kāna poʻe hoʻolohe.

E like me kā mākou e ʻike ai, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻōlelo ʻia e pili ana i ka ʻenehana o Eschenbach, ma nā ʻōlelo i luna aʻe, a inā lākou e haʻi i nā ʻenehana pilikino, pili wale ia i ke ʻano o kā lākou kōkua ʻana i ke ʻano o kāna mau manaʻo. ʻAʻole kēia manaʻo ʻo ka ʻenehana ka ʻaoʻao nāwaliwali o ka mea pena, akā pono e ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka mahalo kiʻekiʻe loa no kāna hana. Eia naʻe, mamao loa ka hana noʻeau mai ka hemolele. ʻO ka mea nui e nele nei ʻo ia ka pālākiō o nā manaʻo, ka ikaika o ka ʻike, no laila ke ʻano o nā pianist Kelemania nui loa o ka wā i hala. A inā he nui ka poʻe i wānana mua iā Eschenbach i hope o Backhaus a me Kempf, i kēia manawa hiki ke lohe pinepine ʻia kēlā mau wānana. Akā, e hoʻomanaʻo ua ʻike pū lāua ʻelua i nā manawa o ka stagnation, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia a lilo i maestro maoli wale nō i ka makahiki hanohano.

Aia naʻe, hoʻokahi kūlana e hiki ke pale iā Eschenbach mai ka piʻi ʻana i kahi pae hou i kāna piano. ʻO kēia kūlana he makemake no ka alakaʻi ʻana, e like me kāna, i moeʻuhane ai mai kona wā kamaliʻi. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi i ka wā e aʻo ana ʻo ia ma Hamburg: a laila alakaʻi ʻo ia i kahi haumāna hana o ka opera a Hindemith We Build a City. Ma hope o 10 mau makahiki, ʻo ka mea pena no ka manawa mua i kū ma hope o ka console o kahi orkestra ʻoihana a alakaʻi i ka hana o Bruckner's Third Symphony. Mai ia manawa, ua hoʻonui mau ʻia ka māhele o ka hoʻokō ʻana i kāna papa hana a hiki i ka 80 pakeneka ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 80. I kēia manawa ʻaʻole loa ʻo Eschenbach e pāʻani i ka piano, akā ua kaulana ʻo ia no kāna wehewehe ʻana i ke mele a Mozart lāua ʻo Schubert, a me nā hana duet me Zimon Barto.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990