Diatonic |

mai ka Helene dia – through, along and tonos – leo (leo holoʻokoʻa), nā leka – hele pū me nā leo

He ʻōnaehana kani ʻehiku, hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā leo āpau i nā hapalima kūpono. ʻO ia, no ka laʻana, ʻo ke kaʻina o nā wā ma ka Helene ʻē aʻe. diatonic tetrachord: e1 - d1 - c1 - h (ʻelua mau leo ​​holoʻokoʻa a me kahi semitone), ʻokoʻa i ke kaʻina o nā wā chromatic. tetrachord e1 – des1 – c 1 – h (ʻaʻohe leo holoʻokoʻa). ʻO ka diatonic kēlā mau manawa a me nā chord i hiki ke loaʻa i loko o ke kaulahao o ʻeono mau hapalima (kahi laʻana i hāʻawi ʻia ma ke kī o C-dur):

(i kekahi manawa he tritone ma ke ʻano he ʻano like ʻole o ka hā maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ka hapalima maʻemaʻe ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he diatonic, akā ma ke ʻano he chromatic interval).

He pilina koʻikoʻi ma waena o ka helu o nā wā o ka ʻano like a me ka helu o nā ʻanuʻu ʻelima (Q) e hana ana i kēia wā ma kahi D maʻemaʻe. ma waena o ka huina o nā leo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana a me ka helu o nā ʻanuʻu ʻelima:

h. prima, h. octave (0Q) puka 7 manawa (7-0), h. ka lima, h. quart (1Q) puka 6 manawa (7-1), b. lua, m. hiki mai ka hiku (2Q) 5 manawa (7-2), b. ke ono, m. hiki ke kolu (3Q) i 4 manawa (7-3), b. kolu, m. hiki ke ono (4Q) i 3 manawa (7-4), b. ka hiku, m. lua (5Q) hiki i 2 manawa (7-5), tritone (6Q) puka 1 manawa (7-6).

Manaʻo ʻia ka diatonic ma ia mau hihia ke hana ʻia e nā ʻanuʻu chromatically hoʻololi ʻia (no ka laʻana, ʻo as-b kahi leo diatonic holoʻokoʻa, ma waho o ka pōʻaiapili a ma ke kī, no ka laʻana, ma C-dur). Hoʻohana like ia i nā chord (e laʻa, ʻo ges-b-des i C-dur kahi pu diatonic ma kahi pālākiō non-diatonic). No laila, hoʻokaʻawale ʻo GL Catoire i kahi chord chromatic. mea nui (no ka laʻana, d-fis-as-c) a me ka chromatic. ma ke kūlana (no ka laʻana, des-f-as ma C-dur). Nui nā ʻano Helene kahiko he diatonic, a me nā ʻano medieval a me nā ʻano kūlohelohe ʻē aʻe, me nā ʻano Ionian (mea nui kūlohelohe) a me Aeolian (mea liʻiliʻi maoli) i kēia manawa.

Ma kahi ʻano ākea, ka mea i kapa ʻia. nā ʻano diatonic conditionally, nā ʻano diatonic variable, nā ʻōnaehana a me nā unahi (e ʻike i ke ʻano). I kekahi o kēia mau ʻano, me nā leo a me nā semitones, komo pū ka hoʻonui. ka lua.

Anhemitonic pentatonic (e like me ka hua'ōlelo o Catoire, "protodiatonic") a me Middle Ages. Hiki ke unuhi ʻia nā hexachords he diatonic piha ʻole. ʻōnaehana.

I kekahi manawa, kapa ʻia nā ʻōnaehana 12-leo (12-step) diatonic, kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu i mālama ʻia he kūʻokoʻa. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi manaʻo ʻokoʻa i ka manaʻo o D.: D. ma ke ʻano he hoʻonohonoho kumu. nā ʻanuʻu (AS Ogolevets, MM Skorik).

Ma ka Helene e ae. ʻO D. mele kekahi o nā ʻano ʻano ʻekolu ("genera"), me ka chromaticity, i hoʻohana i ʻelua mau kekona liʻiliʻi i ka lālani, a me ka hoʻonui. ʻO ka lua, a me nā anharmonics, ʻo nā kikoʻī o ia mea he mau manawa ma lalo o kahi semitone. Ma kēia Helene, ua like ka mele me nā moʻomeheu monophonic kahiko, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā mea o ka Hikina kokoke a me ke Kaiwaenahonua.

ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole o D. ke kumu o ka ʻEulopa Komohana. a me nā mele mele poʻe Lūkini, a me prof. ʻO nā mele ʻEulopa (Gregorian chant), ʻoi loa ma hope o ka ʻae ʻia ʻana o ka polyphony ma ke ʻano he mele nui. hoikeike. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā leo i hoʻokō mua ʻia me ke kōkua o ka hana hoʻohui ʻana o nā consonances maʻalahi - ʻelima a me ka hā, a ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā leo ʻehā e kōkua i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka diatonic. pili.

ʻO ka ʻōnaehana o nā hexachords, laha mai ka manawa o Guido dʻArezzo (e ʻike iā Solmization), ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o ka diatonic maʻamau. ʻano like ʻole o ke ʻano o ka ʻōnaehana (ʻoi loa i nā hoʻololi

-molle a

-durum, ie b a me h). ʻO ke ʻano like ʻole ke ʻano o ka ʻano like ʻole o ka Lūkini. mele halepule (h ma lalo a me b ma luna, e ʻike i ka “kaulike i kēlā me kēia lā” ma ka laʻana ma luna). Pili i kēia ka hana o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā leo me ka dec. kiʻi kiʻi, eg. ʻaʻohe hōʻailona ma ka leo luna a me kahi pālahalaha ma lalo.

G. de Macho. Ballad 1. Ci comencent les balades ou il ha chant, bars 1-3.

Me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka mana o "harmonic. tonality”—major and minor (mai ke kenekulia 17), he ʻano mea kani hou, e pili ana i ka func. he ʻōnaehana o nā triads nui ʻekolu - tonics, dominants and subdominants, i hoʻopili ʻia e ka pili lima ikaika loa. Ke kaupalena ʻana i ke kikowaena o ke ʻano ma muli o ka func. ʻO ke kuʻikahi e alakaʻi i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka chord-harmonic hou. nā pilina o nā leo o ke ʻano (no ka laʻana, ma C-dur, hoʻopili ʻia ka leo d me ka prima o ka tonic ma o ka leo nui o ka mana g, ka leo e - no ka tonic triad, f - ma ke ʻano he leo nui. o ka subdominant, etc.), ka mea i hoʻokō ʻia ma nā kaʻina o nā chords (theoretically substantiated by JF Rameau). Hoʻokumu ʻia nā Elements non-diatonic a me nā chromatics ma ke kumu o D. ma ke mele a me ka chordally-harmonically ma ka hoʻololi ʻana, ka hui ʻana o nā mea kani diatonic ʻokoʻa. nā mea i ka holomua a me ka manawa like (polydiatonic).

I ka 19 - noi. I ke kenekulia 20, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ua ola hou ka D. kahiko a ʻo D. Nar. hale kūʻai a kokoke iā ia (ma F. Chopin, F. Liszt, E. Grieg, K. Debussy, ʻoi loa i nā haku mele Lūkini - MI Glinka, MA Balakirev, NA Rimsky-Korsakov, MP Mussorgsky a me nā mea ʻē aʻe).

Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, aia kahi hoʻololi i ka chromaticity ma ke kumu o ka hoʻolālā kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia kaʻina hana i kau ʻia e "Tristan" na R. Wagner. Hoʻololi loa i ka chromatic plural. nā haku mele o ke kenekulia 20, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻelele o ke kula Viennese hou.

AK Lyadov. ʻEwalu mau mele moʻomeheu Lūkini. III. kaula huki.

Ma ke mele o ke kenekulia 20, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano D. like ʻole: D. nar. hale kūʻai, kokoke i ka mea kahiko. nui a me ka liʻiliʻi; D. i ka decomp. hoʻololi, polylady, polydiatonic. nā hui pū (IF Stravinsky, SV Rachmaninov, SS Prokofiev, DD Shostakovich, B. Bartok). ʻO ka manawa pinepine e noho mau ʻo D. ma ke ʻano he kumu, ʻoi aku a liʻiliʻi paha i uhi ʻia (SS Prokofiev, DD Shostakovich, P. Hindemith), a i ʻole ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui o ka non-diatonic. nā hale (ua kaha ʻia nā kahua diatonic i loko o nā pale):

SS Prokofiev. "Hoopalau i loko o ka monastery" ("Duenna"). 2nd kiʻi, ka hopena.

E hoʻomaopopo ': ʻO Serov AN, mele mele Lūkini ma ke ʻano he kumuhana o ka ʻepekema, "Musical Season", 1869/70, No 18, 1870/71, No No 6 a me 13; Petr VI, Ma na haku mele, na hale a me na ano o na mele Helene kahiko, K., 1901; ʻO Catuar GL, ʻO ke kumuhana o ka lokahi, ʻāpana 1, M., 1924; ʻO Tyulin Yu. N., Ke aʻo ʻana e pili ana i ka lokahi, ʻāpana 1, L., 1937, 1966; kona iho, Natural and alteration modes, M., 1971; Ogolevets AS, Kumu o ka olelo harmonic, M.-L., 1941; Kastalsky AD, Nā kumu o ka polyphony folk, M.-L., 1948; ʻO Sposobin IV, Ke kumumanaʻo Elementary o ke mele, M., 1951, 1958; Kushnarev XS, Nā nīnau o ka mōʻaukala a me ke kumumanaʻo o nā mele monodic Armenian, L., 1958; Berkov VO, Harmony, hapa 1, M., 1962; 1970; Skorik MM, Prokofiev a me Schoenberg, "SM", 1962, No 1; Karklin LA, Hoʻonui i ka ʻike hana, "SM", 1965, No 7; Sohor AH, E pili ana i ke ʻano a me nā mea hiki ke hōʻike ʻia o ka Diatonicism, ma: Nīnau o Theory and Aesthetics of Music, vol. 4, L.-M., 1965; Sposobin IV, Nā haʻi'ōlelo ma ke ala o ka lokahi, M., 1969; Kotlyarevsky IA, Diatonics and Chromatics as a Category of Musical Myslennia, Kipv, 1971; Bochkareva O., Ma kekahi mau ano diatonic i na mele hou, ma: Music and Modernity, vol. 7, M., 1971; Sigitov S., Bela Bartok's modal system of the late period of creativity, in collection: Problems of mode, M., 1972.

ʻO Yu. H. Kholopov