Johann Strauss (keiki) |

Johann Strauss (keiki)

Ua kapa ʻia ka mea haku mele Austrian ʻo I. Strauss ʻo "ke aliʻi o ka waltz". Hoʻopiha piha ʻia kāna hana i ka ʻuhane o Vienna me kāna kuʻuna lōʻihi o ke aloha i ka hula. ʻO ka hoʻoikaika pauʻole i hui pūʻia me ke akamai kiʻekiʻe loa i hanaʻo Strauss i ke mele hula maoli. Mahalo iā ia, ua hele ka Viennese waltz ma mua o ke kenekulia XNUMX. a lilo i ʻāpana o ke ola mele o kēia mau lā.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Strauss i loko o kahi ʻohana waiwai i nā kuʻuna mele. ʻO kona makuakāne, ʻo Johann Strauss hoʻi, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i kāna orkestra ponoʻī i ka makahiki o ka hānau ʻana o kāna keiki a lanakila i ka kaulana ma ʻEulopa me kāna mau waltzes, polkas, marches.

Ua makemake ka makuakāne e hoʻolilo i kāna keiki i mea kālepa a kū'ē kū'ē i kāna hoʻonaʻauao mele. ʻO ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kālena nui o Johann liʻiliʻi a me kona makemake nui i ke mele. Ma kahi huna mai kona makuakāne, lawe ʻo ia i nā haʻawina violin mai F. Amon (ka mea hoʻokani pila o ka Strauss orchestra) a i ka makahiki 6 ua kākau ʻo ia i kāna waltz mua. Ua ukali ʻia kēia e kahi noiʻi koʻikoʻi o ka haku mele ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a I. Drexler.

I ka makahiki 1844, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻo Strauss he ʻumikūmāiwa mau makahiki i kahi orkestra mai nā mea hoʻokani pila o nā makahiki like a hoʻonohonoho i kāna ahiahi hula mua. Ua lilo ka mea ʻōpio i hoʻokūkū koʻikoʻi i kona makuakāne (ʻo ia ka mea alakaʻi o ka ʻaha hula ballroom i kēlā manawa). Hoʻomaka ka ola hoʻomohala ikaika o Strauss Jr., e lanakila mālie ana ma luna o nā aloha o ka Viennese.

Ua ʻike ʻia ka mea haku mele i mua o ka hoʻokani pila me ka violin. Ua alakaʻi a pāʻani ʻo ia i ka manawa like (e like me nā lā o I. Haydn a me WA ​​Mozart), a hoʻoikaika i ka lehulehu me kāna hana ponoʻī.

Ua hoʻohana ʻo Strauss i ke ʻano o ka waltz Viennese i hoʻomohala ʻia e I. Lanner a me kona makuakāne: he "garland" o kekahi, pinepine ʻelima, mau hale mele me ka hoʻomaka a me ka hopena. Akā, ʻo ka nani a me ka hou o nā mele, ko lākou ʻoluʻolu a me nā mele, ʻo ka Mozartian harmonious, akaka o ka orkestra me nā violins mele ʻuhane, ka hauʻoli nui o ke ola - ua hoʻohuli kēia mau mea i nā waltzes a Strauss i mau mele aloha. I loko o ka papa hana i noi ʻia, i manaʻo ʻia no nā mele hula, hana ʻia nā masterpieces e hāʻawi i ka leʻaleʻa aesthetic maoli. Hōʻike ʻia nā inoa papahana o Strauss waltzes i nā ʻano manaʻo like ʻole a me nā hanana. I ka wā o ke kipi o 1848, ua hana ʻia nā "Songs of Freedom", "Songs of the Barricades", i ka makahiki 1849 - "Waltz-obituary" i ka make ʻana o kona makuakāne. ʻO ka manaʻo huhū i kona makuakāne (ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kahi ʻohana ʻē aʻe i ka wā i hala aku nei) ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia i ka mahalo i kāna mele (ma hope mai ua hoʻoponopono ʻo Strauss i ka hōʻiliʻili piha o kāna mau hana).

Ke ulu mālie nei ka kaulana o ka mea haku mele a hele ma waho o nā palena o ʻAuseturia. I ka makahiki 1847, ua huakaʻi ʻo ia i Serbia a me Romania, i ka makahiki 1851 - ma Kelemānia, Czech Republic a me Polani, a laila, no nā makahiki he nui, hele mau i Rusia.

I ka makahiki 1856-65. Hoʻokomo ʻo Strauss i nā kau kauwela ma Pavlovsk (kokoke iā St. Petersburg), kahi i hāʻawi ai ʻo ia i nā ʻahamele ma ka hale kahua a, me kāna mele hula, hana i nā hana a nā haku mele Lūkini: M. Glinka, P. Tchaikovsky, A. Serov. ʻO ka waltz "Farewell to St. Petersburg", ka polka "In the Pavlovsk Forest", ka piano fantasy "In the Russian Village" (hanaʻia e A. Rubinshtein) a me nā mea'ē aʻe e pili ana i nā manaʻo mai Rusia.

I ka makahiki 1863-70. ʻO Strauss ka mea alakaʻi i nā pōpole pā hale ma Vienna. I loko o kēia mau makahiki, ua hana ʻia kāna mau waltzes maikaʻi loa: "On the Beautiful Blue Danube", "The Life of an Artist", "Tales of the Vienna Woods", "Enjoy Life", etc. "Ke kahe nei nā mele mai iaʻu e like me ka wai mai ka crane"), a me kahi hiki ke hana i hiki iā Strauss ke kākau i 168 waltzes, 117 polkas, 73 quadrilles, ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 mazurkas a me gallops, 43 marches, a me 15 operettas i kona ola.

ʻO nā makahiki 70 - ka hoʻomakaʻana o kahi hana hou i ke ola hana o Strauss, ka mea, ma ka'ōlelo aʻo a J. Offenbach, ua huli i keʻano o ka operetta. Me F. Suppe a me K. Millöcker, ua lilo ʻo ia i mea hana i ka operetta classical Viennese.

ʻAʻole hoihoi ʻia ʻo Strauss e ka hoʻonanea ʻana o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni o Offenbach; ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, kākau ʻo ia i nā mele hoʻokani leʻaleʻa, ʻo ka mea nui (a ʻo ka pinepine wale nō) ʻo ia ke mele.

ʻO Waltzes mai nā operettas Die Fledermaus (1874), Cagliostro ma Vienna (1875), The Queen's Lace Handkerchief (1880), Night in Venice (1883), Viennese Blood (1899) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Ma waena o nā operettas a Strauss, ʻo The Gypsy Baron (1885) ke kū nei me ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi loa, i hāpai ʻia i ka wā mua ma ke ʻano he opera a hoʻomoʻi i kekahi o kāna mau hiʻohiʻona (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka lyric-romantic illumination o nā manaʻo maoli, hohonu: kūʻokoʻa, aloha, kanaka. hanohano).

Hoʻohana nui ka mele o ka operetta i nā motif Hungarian-Gypsy a me nā ʻano, e like me Čardas. I ka pau ʻana o kona ola ʻana, kākau ka mea haku mele i kāna mele mele mele ʻo The Knight Pasman (1892) a hana ʻo ia ma ka ballet Cinderella (ʻaʻole i pau). E like me ka wā ma mua, ʻoiai ma nā helu liʻiliʻi, ʻike ʻia nā waltzes ʻokoʻa, piha, e like me ko lākou mau makahiki ʻōpio, i ka leʻaleʻa maoli a me ka ʻoliʻoli ʻoliʻoli: "Spring Voices" (1882). "Imperial Waltz" (1890). ʻAʻole hoʻi e pau nā huakaʻi huakaʻi: i USA (1872), a me Rusia (1869, 1872, 1886).

Ua mahalo ʻia nā mele a Strauss e R. Schumann lāua ʻo G. Berlioz, F. Liszt a me R. Wagner. ʻO G. Bulow lāua ʻo I. Brahms (hoaaloha mua o ka haku mele). ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli, ua lanakila ʻo ia i ka puʻuwai o nā kānaka a ʻaʻole nalo i kona nani.

K. Zenkin

Ua komo ʻo Johann Strauss i ka mōʻaukala mele o ke kenekulia XNUMX ma ke ʻano he haku nui o ka hula a me nā mele o kēlā me kēia lā. Ua lawe mai ʻo ia i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hana noʻeau maoli, ka hoʻohonu ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o ka hana hula poʻe Austrian. ʻO nā hana maikaʻi loa a Strauss e hōʻike ʻia e ka juiciness a me ka maʻalahi o nā kiʻi, ka waiwai melodic pau ʻole, ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ke kūlohelohe o ka ʻōlelo mele. Ua kōkua kēia mau mea i ko lākou kaulana nui i waena o ka lehulehu o ka poʻe hoʻolohe.

Ua kākau ʻo Strauss i ʻehā haneri me kanahikukūmāhiku waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, marches a me nā hana ʻē aʻe o ka ʻaha mele a me ka hoʻolālā hale (me nā kope o nā ʻāpana mai nā operettas). ʻO ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā mele a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka hōʻike ʻana i nā hula ʻōiwi e hāʻawi i kēia mau hana i kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻāina. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Strauss waltzes mele aloha ʻāina me ka olelo ole. Ma nā kiʻi mele, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻoiaʻiʻo a nani o ke ʻano o ka poʻe Austrian, ka nani o kona ʻāina hānau. I ka manawa like, ua komo ka hana a Strauss i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā moʻomeheu ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mele Hungarian a me Slavic. Pili kēia ma nā ʻano he nui i nā hana i hana ʻia e Strauss no ke keaka mele, ʻo ia hoʻi he ʻumikūmālima operetta, hoʻokahi mele mele mele a me hoʻokahi ballet.

ʻO nā mea haku mele a me nā mea hoʻokani nui - mahalo nui nā hoa o Strauss i kāna kālena nui a me kāna mākaukau papa mua ma ke ʻano he haku mele a me ke alakaʻi. “Kupaianaha kamahao! ʻO kāna mau hana (ʻo ia ʻo ia i alakaʻi iā lākou) hāʻawi iaʻu i kahi leʻaleʻa mele aʻu i ʻike ʻole ai no ka manawa lōʻihi, ”kākau ʻo Hans Bülow e pili ana iā Strauss. A laila ua hoʻohui ʻo ia: "He akamai kēia o ka alakaʻi ʻana i nā kiʻi i nā kūlana o kāna ʻano liʻiliʻi. Aia kekahi mea e aʻo ʻia mai Strauss no ka hana ʻana i ka Ninth Symphony a i ʻole Beethoven's Pathétique Sonata. He mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi nā ʻōlelo a Schumann: "He paʻakikī loa nā mea ʻelua ma ka honua," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia, "ʻo ka mua, e hoʻokō i ka kaulana, a ʻo ka lua, e mālama. ʻO nā haku ʻoiaʻiʻo wale nō e kūleʻa: mai Beethoven a Strauss - kēlā me kēia ma kona ʻano ponoʻī. Ua kamaʻilio ʻo Berlioz, Liszt, Wagner, Brahms me ka hoihoi no Strauss. Me ke aloha nui iā Serov, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Rimsky-Korsakov lāua ʻo Tchaikovsky iā ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani mele symphonic Russian. A i ka makahiki 1884, i ka wā i hoʻolauleʻa nui ai ʻo Vienna i ka makahiki 40 o Strauss, ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻo A. Rubinstein, ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā mea pena kiʻi o St. Petersburg, i ka meʻe o ka lā.

ʻO ka ʻae like ʻole ʻana i nā pono hana a Strauss e nā ʻelele like ʻole o ka ʻoihana o ke kenekulia XNUMXth e hōʻoia i ka kaulana kaulana o kēia mea mele koʻikoʻi, ʻo kāna mau hana maikaʻi e hāʻawi nei i ka leʻaleʻa aesthetic kiʻekiʻe.

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Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Strauss me ke ola mele Viennese, me ka piʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kuʻuna democratic o nā mele Austrian o ke kenekulia XNUMX, i hōʻike maopopo ʻia iā lākou iho i ke kahua o ka hula o kēlā me kēia lā.

Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia, ua kaulana nā mea kani liʻiliʻi, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "chapels", ma nā ʻāina ʻo Viennese, e hana ana i nā poʻe ʻāina ʻāina, nā hula Tyrolean a i ʻole Styrian ma nā hale kūʻai. Ua manaʻo nā alakaʻi o nā hale pule he kuleana hanohano ka hana ʻana i nā mele hou o kā lākou mea hana. I ka wā i komo ai kēia mele o nā kula Viennese i nā keʻena nui o ke kūlanakauhale, ua kaulana nā inoa o nā mea nāna i hana.

No laila ua hoʻonani nā mea hoʻokumu o ka "waltz dynasty". Joseph Lanner (1801 - 1843) a ʻO Johann Strauss Senior (1804-1849). ʻO ka mua o lākou he keiki ia na ka mea hana mīkina lima, a ʻo ka lua, he keiki ia na ka hale hoʻokipa; mai ko lakou mau makahiki opiopio i hookani i na himeni hookani pila, a mai ka makahiki 1825 mai, ua loaa mua ia lakou ka lakou hookani pila. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole liʻuliʻu, ʻokoʻa ʻo Liner lāua ʻo Strauss - lilo nā hoaaloha i mau hoʻokūkū. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēlā me kēia kanaka i ka hana ʻana i kahi repertoire hou no kāna orkestra.

I kēlā me kēia makahiki, piʻi aʻe ka nui o nā mea hoʻokūkū. Akā naʻe, ua uhi ʻia nā mea a pau e Strauss, nāna i huakaʻi i Kelemānia, Farani, a me ʻEnelani me kāna mau mele. Ke holo nei lākou me ka lanakila nui. Akā, ʻo ka hope, he hoa paio nō hoʻi kāna, ʻoi aku ka mākaukau a me ka ikaika. ʻO kāna keiki kēia, ʻo Johann Strauss Jr., hānau ʻia ʻo ʻOkakopa 25, 1825.

I ka makahiki 1844, he ʻumikūmāiwa makahiki ʻo I. Strauss, ua kiʻi i ʻumikūmālima mau mea hoʻokani pila, ua hoʻonohonoho i kāna ahiahi hula mua. Mai kēia manawa, hoʻomaka ka paio no ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma Vienna ma waena o ka makuakāne a me kāna keiki, ua lanakila mālie ʻo Strauss Jr. Ua lōʻihi ka "duel" ma kahi o ʻelima mau makahiki a ua ʻoki ʻia e ka make ʻana o Strauss Sr. (ʻOiai ka paʻakikī o ka pilina pilikino, haʻaheo ʻo Strauss Jr. i ke kālena o kona makuakāne. I ka makahiki 1889, ua paʻi ʻo ia i kāna mau hula i ʻehiku mau puke (ʻelua haneri a me kanalima waltzes, gallops a me quadrilles), kahi i kākau ai ma ka ʻōlelo mua, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe. : "ʻOiai iaʻu, ma ke ʻano he keikikāne, ʻaʻole kūpono ke hoʻolaha ʻana i kahi makua kāne, akā pono wau e ʻōlelo aku ua mahalo ʻo ia i ka laha ʻana o nā mele hula Viennese a puni ka honua.")

I kēia manawa, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 50, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka kaulana ʻEulopa o kāna keiki.

ʻO ka mea koʻikoʻi ma kēia ʻano ke kono ʻana o Strauss no nā kau kauwela i Pavlovsk, aia ma kahi wahi kiʻi kokoke i St. No nā kau he ʻumikūmālua, mai ka makahiki 1855 a hiki i ka makahiki 1865, a ma ka makahiki 1869 a me 1872, ua kaʻapuni ʻo ia iā Rūsia me kona kaikaina ʻo Iosepa, he haku mele a alakaʻi. (Joseph Strauss (1827-1870) kākau pinepine me Johann; no laila, no lāua ʻelua ka mea kākau o ka Polka Pizzicato kaulana. Aia kekahi kaikaina ʻekolu - Edward, nāna i hana ma ke ʻano he haku mele a he alakaʻi hula. I ka makahiki 1900, ua hoʻopau ʻo ia i ka hale pule, ka mea, e hoʻololi mau ana i kāna haku mele, i noho ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka Strauss no nā makahiki he kanahiku.)

ʻO nā ʻahamele, i hāʻawi ʻia mai Mei a Sepatemaba, ua hele pū ʻia e nā kaukani lehulehu o ka poʻe hoʻolohe a hele pū ʻia me ka kūleʻa mau. Ua nānā nui ʻo Johann Strauss i nā hana a nā haku haku mele Lūkini, ua hana ʻo ia i kekahi o ia mau mea no ka manawa mua (nā ʻāpana mai Serov's Judith i 1862, mai Tchaikovsky's Voyevoda i 1865); e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 1856, alakaʻi pinepine ʻo ia i nā haku mele a Glinka, a i ka makahiki 1864 ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo ia i kahi papahana kūikawā nona. A ma kāna hana, ua hōʻike ʻo Strauss i ke kumumanaʻo Lūkini: ua hoʻohana ʻia nā mele mele ma ka waltz "Farewell to Petersburg" (op. 210), "Russian Fantasy March" (op. 353), piano fantasy "In the Russian Village" (op. 355, hana pinepine ia e A. Rubinstein) a me na mea e ae. Hoʻomanaʻo mau ʻo Johann Strauss me ka hauʻoli i nā makahiki o kona noho ʻana ma Rusia (ʻO ka manawa hope loa i kipa aku ai ʻo Strauss iā Rūsia ma 1886 a hāʻawi i ʻumi ʻahamele ma Petersburg.).

ʻO ka hopena hope loa o ka huakaʻi lanakila a ma ia manawa hoʻokahi ka huli ʻana o kāna moʻolelo moʻolelo, ʻo ia ka huakaʻi i ʻAmelika i ka makahiki 1872; Ua hāʻawi ʻo Strauss i ʻumikūmāhā mau ʻahamele ma Bosetona ma kahi hale i kūkulu ʻia i hoʻolālā ʻia no hoʻokahi haneli tausani poʻe hoʻolohe. Ua hele ʻia ka hana e nā mea hoʻokani mele he iwakālua tausani - nā mea hīmeni a me nā mea hoʻokani pila a me hoʻokahi haneli alakaʻi - nā mea kōkua iā Strauss. ʻO kēlā mau concerto "monster", i hānau ʻia e ka ʻoihana bourgeois kumu ʻole, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi i ka mea haku mele me ka hauʻoli kiʻi. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hōʻole ʻo ia i kēlā mau huakaʻi, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke lawe mai i kahi kālā nui.

Ma keʻano laulā, mai ia manawa, ua hōʻemi nui ʻia nā huakaʻi ʻahamele a Strauss. Ke hāʻule pū nei ka helu o nā ʻāpana hula a me nā huakaʻi āna i haku ai. (I nā makahiki 1844-1870, ua kākau ʻia he ʻekolu haneri a me kanahākūmālua mau hula a me nā huakaʻi; i nā makahiki 1870-1899, hoʻokahi haneri a me iwakālua mau pāʻani o kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole i helu ʻia nā hoʻololi, nā manaʻo, a me nā medley ma nā kumuhana o kāna mau opereta. .)

Hoʻomaka ka lua o ka manawa hoʻomohala, pili nui me ke ʻano operetta. Ua kākau ʻo Strauss i kāna hana mele a me ke keaka mua i ka makahiki 1870. Me ka ikaika pau ʻole, akā me nā kūleʻa like ʻole, hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka hana ma kēia ʻano a hiki i kona mau lā hope. Ua make ʻo Strauss i ka lā 3 o Iune, 1899 i kona mau makahiki he kanahikukūmāhā.

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Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo Johann Strauss i nā makahiki he kanalimakumamālima i ka hana hoʻomohala. He kakaikahi kona hana, haku mele mau, ma na ano a pau. "Ke kahe nei nā mele mai oʻu aku e like me ka wai o ka paipa," wahi āna me ka hoʻomākeʻaka. Ma ka hoʻoilina nui o Strauss, ʻaʻole like nā mea a pau. ʻO kekahi o kāna mau palapala i loaʻa i nā meheu o ka hana wikiwiki a mālama ʻole. I kekahi manawa, alakaʻi ʻia ka haku mele e ka ʻono hoʻi hope o kāna mau anaina. Akā ma ka laulā, ua hiki iā ia ke hoʻoponopono i kekahi o nā pilikia paʻakikī o ko mākou manawa.

I nā makahiki i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa salon palapala mele, i puunaue nui ia e ka bourgeois kanaka pāʻoihana akamai, i ka detrimental ka hoʻonaʻauao aesthetic o na kanaka, Strauss hana maoli artistic hana, hiki a maopopo i ka lehulehu. Me ka criterion of mastery inherent in "serious" art, ua hoʻokokoke ʻo ia i ke mele "māmā" a no laila ua hoʻopau ʻo ia i ka laina i hoʻokaʻawale i ke ʻano "kiʻekiʻe" (concert, theatrical) mai ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he "haʻahaʻa" (home, hoʻokipa). Ua hana like nā haku mele nui ʻē aʻe o ka wā ma mua, no ka laʻana, ʻo Mozart, nona ka ʻokoʻa kumu ma waena o ka "kiʻekiʻe" a me ka "haʻahaʻa" ma ke kiʻi. Akā i kēia manawa aia kekahi mau manawa ʻē aʻe - ʻo ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ka bourgeois vulgarity a me ka philistinism pono e kūʻē ʻia me kahi ʻano hana hou, māmā, hoʻokipa.

ʻO kēia ka mea a Strauss i hana ai.

M. Druskin

Papa inoa pōkole o nā hana:

Nā hana o kahi papa hana ʻahamele-home waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, marches a me nā mea ʻē aʻe (ka huina 477 ʻāpana) ʻO nā mea kaulana loa: "Perpetuum mobile" ("Perpetual motion") op. 257 (1867) “Lau Kakahiaka”, waltz op. 279 (1864) Poepoe Loio, polka op. 280 (1864) “Persian March” op. 289 (1864) "Blue Danube", waltz op. 314 (1867) "Ke ola o kahi mea pena", waltz op. 316 (1867) "Tales of the Vienna Woods", waltz op. 325 (1868) "E hauʻoli i ke ola", waltz op. 340 (1870) "1001 Nights", waltz (mai ka operetta "Indigo and the 40 Thieves") op. 346 (1871) “Viennese Blood”, waltz op. 354 (1872) "Tick-tock", polka (mai ka operetta "Die Fledermaus") op. 365 (1874) "ʻO ʻoe a me ʻoe", waltz (mai ka operetta "The Bat") op. 367 (1874) "Mei Nani", waltz (mai ka operetta "Methuselah") op. 375 (1877) “Rose mai ka Hema”, waltz (mai ka operetta “Ka Lace Handkerchief a ka Moiwahine”) op. 388 (1880) "The Kissing Waltz" (mai ka operetta "Merry War") op. 400 (1881) “Spring Voices”, waltz op. 410 (1882) "Waltz punahele" (ma muli o "The Gypsy Baron") op. 418 (1885) "Imperial Waltz" op. 437 "Pizzicato Polka" (me Josef Strauss) Operettas (ka huina 15) ʻO nā mea kaulana loa: The Bat, libretto na Meilhac and Halévy (1874) Night in Venice, libretto na Zell and Genet (1883) The Gypsy Baron, libretto na Schnitzer (1885) keaka mele “Naita Pasman”, libretto na Dochi (1892) Ballet Cinderella (paʻi ʻia ma hope o ka make)