ʻElua bass balalaika: he aha ia, haku mele, mōʻaukala o ka hana ʻana

ʻO ka balalaika kahi mea kani kahiko i pili pū me Rūsia. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ka mōʻaukala, i kēia lā ua hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻElima mau ʻokoʻa o ka huina, ʻo ka mea hoihoi loa ʻo ia ka balalaika bass pālua.

Hōʻike o ka mea hana

ʻO ka balalaika bass pālua he mea hoʻokani pila me ʻekolu kaula. Mea kaula – metala, nylon, plastic. Ma waho, ʻokoʻa ia mai ka balalaika maʻamau e kona nui kupaianaha: hiki i ka lōʻihi o 1,5-1,7 mika. He ʻumikūmāhiku frets ka ʻāʻī (kakaʻikahi ʻumikūmāono).

ʻAʻole kēia ʻo ke kope nui loa ma waena o nā ʻano ʻano balalaika ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka leo ikaika loa, ka leo haʻahaʻa, a me ke ʻano o ka bass. Pono i ka orchestra, ka hui o nā mea kani Lūkini.

Hāʻawi ʻia ke kūpaʻa o ka balalaika-double bass e kahi spire kūikawā aia ma lalo o ke kino.

Nā nui a me ke kaumaha

ʻO nā ana holoʻokoʻa o ka balalaika-double bass e like me kēia:

• lōʻihi: 1600-1700 cm;
• laula kumu: 1060-1250 knm;
• ka nui o ka māhele hana o ke kaula: 1100-1180 cm;
• ka lōʻihi o ke kino: 790-820 cm.

ʻOkoʻa pinepine ka nui o nā mea kani mele mai ka maʻamau: hana nā mea hoʻokani pila iā lākou e kauoha e kūlike i ko lākou kiʻekiʻe a me ke kino.

ʻO ke kaumaha o ka balalaika-double bass fluctuates, he 10-30 kg (ke kumu o ka hana ʻana, nā ana, a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe ke kuleana).

ʻO Balalaika-palua bass construction

He mea maʻalahi ka hoʻolālā o ka mea hana, ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana aʻe:

• kino, me ka soundboard (mua, pololei hapa), hope (ʻoi aku ka poepoe, i loko o 5-6 mau ʻāpana pili);
• ʻāʻī i pili i ke kino;
• nā kaula (metala, plastic, nylon, nā mea'ē aʻe);
• kū (metal spire), e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻoponopono i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kaula, hana i kahi hopena resonating hou, e hoʻonui i ke kani, lōʻihi, viscous;
• frets (paʻi kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke kino);
• lua resonator aia ma ka waena, e lawelawe ana e unuhi i ke kani.

ʻO kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ka mea uʻi - kahi kikoʻī ʻokoʻa, ʻo ka nele o ia mea ʻaʻole e ʻae iā ʻoe e hoʻomaka i ka pāʻani mele. Hāʻawi ka poʻe hana ʻoihana i nā koho no nā koho i ʻokoʻa i ka nui, nā mea hana, nā kihi ʻoi.

ʻO ke kumu o ka mea uʻi, ʻo ia ke unuhi i nā leo. Nawaliwali loa na manamana lima no ka haku i na kaula ikaika a kaumaha o ka mea kani. ʻO kahi koho nui o nā mediators e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hiki ke unuhi i nā leo o nā ʻano like ʻole, ka hohonu, ka lōʻihi, ka ikaika. He ʻili lākou, carbon fiber, polyethylene, caprolact, iwi. Nui - liʻiliʻi, nui, waena.

Mōʻaukala o ka hana ʻana

ʻO wai, i ka wā i haku ʻia ai ka balalaika, ʻaʻole maopopo. Ua kapa ʻia ka mea kani he poʻe Lūkini, ua nalowale nā ​​aʻa o ka hana ʻana i ka wā kahiko. I ka wā mua, laha ka mea kani ma nā kauhale a me nā kauhale. Ua makemake wale ʻo ia i ka poʻe e aʻo ana i ka mōʻaukala, e hoʻoikaika ana i ke aʻa, e hoʻāʻo e hoʻokokoke i nā kānaka.

ʻO ka nalu aʻe o ka hoihoi i nā mea punahele a ka poʻe i kāhili ʻia i ke kenekulia XNUMX. Ua hoʻoholo ʻo Dvoryanin VV Andreev, ka mea i makemake nui i ka balalaikas a haku i ka virtuoso Play, e hoʻomaikaʻi i kāna mea kani punahele, e hoʻōki i ka lilo ʻana i mea hoʻokani pila, lilo i ʻoihana, a lawe i kahi kūlana kūpono i ka orchestra. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Andreev me nā ana, nā mea hana. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻelua i hoʻololi i ke kani i hana ʻia e ka poʻe balalaika hanauna hou.

Ma hope mai, ua hana ʻo Andreev i kahi hui o nā mea hoʻokani pila e pāʻani ana i nā balalaikas o nā paʻi āpau. He lanakila nui na hana a ka hui balalaika, ua malamaia na ahamele ma na aina e, a ua hauoli maoli na haole.

Ua hoʻomau ʻia ka hihia o Andreev e ka haku haku hoʻokolokolo Franz Paserbsky. Ua hele mai ke kanaka i ka hoʻolālā o ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa o balalaikas, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka laulā, nā hiʻohiʻona leo, a me nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻolālā. Ua pōkole ka mea hana i ka ʻāʻī, hoʻololi i ka lua resonant, hoʻonohonoho i nā frets i kahi ala kūikawā. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, lilo ʻelima mau hiʻohiʻona i ʻike ʻia i kēia lā (prima, second, viola, bass, double bass) i kumu o ka orchestra of folk orchestras. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo Paserbsky i kahi laina o balalaikas, e hana ana i ka hana ʻoihana o nā mea kani.

I kēia manawa ʻo ka balalaika-double bass he lālā mau ia o ka orchestra o nā mea kani, hiki ke hōʻike i nā leo he nui no ka nui o nā mea hiki.

Nā hiʻohiʻona kani

Loaʻa i ka mea kani ke ʻano kūpono o nā kani. He ʻelua octaves a me ʻekolu semitones ka lua bass balalaika. Ma muli o kona nui, he ikaika ikaika ka pilikua, ʻo ka leo haʻahaʻa loa i waena o nā ʻano balalaika ʻē aʻe.

Wehe ʻia ke kani me kahi ʻili ʻili nui, ma muli o ka lilo ʻana i mea hohonu, palupalu, ʻoi aku ke komo ʻana, e like me ke kani ʻana o ka bass guitar, double bass, plucking. I kekahi manawa, hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā leo i hana ʻia e ka balalaika pālua me nā leo i hana ʻia e ke okana.

mo'olelo

ʻO ke ʻano o ka balalaika bass pālua ua like ia me ko ka domra. ʻO ke kaʻina leo:

• ke kaula mua, ka leo kiʻekiʻe loa - ka memo Re o kahi octave nui;
• ʻO ke kaula ʻelua ka memo La o ka counteroctave;
• ʻo ke kolu o ke kaula ʻo ia ka Mi note o ka counteroctave.

Hana ʻia ka ʻōnaehana ʻehā e ke kani o nā kaula hāmama. Ua kākau ʻia nā memo no ka balalaika-double bass i kahi octave kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kani maoli.

Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka balalaika-pālua bass

He paʻakikī ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea kani, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea a pau ke pāʻani i ka balalaika-double bass - ʻo ke kumu o kēia ke kaumaha, ikaika, nā kaula mānoanoa, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke kiʻi ʻia no ka plectrum nui. Pono ka mea hoʻokani pila, ma waho aʻe o ka ʻike o ke mele, nā mana kino kupaianaha. Pono ʻoe e hana me nā lima ʻelua: me ka hoʻokahi, ua paʻa ikaika nā kaula i ka fretboard, me ka lua e paʻi ʻia lākou me ka mea hoʻohana.

ʻO ka pinepine, kani ka balalaika i ka nui o nā leo i ka haku mele ʻana o nā ensembles folk, orchestras. ʻAe kēia i ka mea hoʻokani pila e hoʻomaha i kēlā me kēia manawa, loaʻa ka ikaika. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hoihoi i nā mea kani Lūkini, a ʻike ʻia ka hana nui i nā duets, ua ʻike ʻia nā virtuosos i mākaukau e hana solo.

Hoʻokani nā mea hoʻokani pila i ka balalaika-pālua bass ma kahi kū a noho paha. Ma muli o ka nui koʻikoʻi o ka mea kani, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka unuhi ʻana i ke kani ke kū kokoke. Hoʻokani mau ka mea solo i ke kū ʻana. Noho kekahi lālā o ka orkestra, nona ka balalaika-double bass.

ʻAʻole e pau ka makemake i nā mea kani. Hoʻi mau ka poʻe i ke aʻa, hoʻoikaika e aʻo i nā kuʻuna, nā loina, ka moʻomeheu. ʻO Balalaika-double bass he kumuhana hoihoi, paʻakikī, kūpono ke aʻo, mahalo, haʻaheo.