Ka mōʻaukala bass pālua
He aha ka symphony orchestra e hana me ka ʻole o ke kiʻi mele koʻikoʻi e like me pālua pālua? ʻO kēia mea kani kaula kulou, me kona ʻano kala ʻeleʻele akā hohonu, hoʻonani i nā hui keʻena a me ka jazz me kona kani. Hiki i kekahi ke hoʻololi i ke kīkā bass me lākou. Mai ka manawa hea i hoʻohauʻoli a hoʻohauʻoli ai nā bass pālua maikaʻi a puni ka honua, e hōʻike ana i nā ʻōlelo āpau o ka honua i ka manawa hoʻokahi, me ka ʻole o ka unuhi ʻōlelo?
Viola kūʻē. Malia paha, ʻo ka double bass wale nō ka mea kani ma ka honua nona ka mōʻaukala o ka hana ʻana a me kona hoʻokomo ʻana i ka moʻomeheu kaulana i piha i ia mau hakahaka. ʻO ka haʻi mua ʻana o kēia mea kani kani mai ka Renaissance.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Violas ka progenitor o nā bass pālua, nona ka ʻohana i hoʻokomo ʻia ka bass pālua. Ua hōʻike mua ʻia ka viola bass pālua ma kāna kiʻi pena "Marriage at Cana" e ka mea pena Venetian ʻo Paolo Veronese i ka makahiki 1563. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia lā i ka hoʻomaka ʻana no ka helu ʻana i ka mōʻaukala o nā bass pālua.
I ke kenekulia 5, ua hoʻokomo mua ʻia nā viols pālua-bass i ka orchestra no ka opera Orpheus a Claudio Monteverdi a ua ʻōlelo ʻia i ka nui o nā ʻāpana ʻelua i ka helu. I kēlā manawa, ua hana ʻia kahi wehewehe qualitative o ka mea kani ponoʻī e Michael Pretorius, i ka manawa like i ʻike ʻia he 6-XNUMX mau kaula pālua bass viola.
ʻO ka hoʻokumuʻiaʻana o ka pahu pālua ma keʻano he mea kani kūʻokoʻa. Ua ʻike ʻia ka bass pālua i kona ʻano hou i ka waena o ke kenekulia XNUMX. ʻO Michele Todini ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu. 
Ua manaʻo ʻo ia ua hana ʻo ia i kahi cello nui, akā ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ka pālua pālua. ʻO kahi mea hou ka ʻōnaehana ʻehā. No laila ua lilo ka pālua pālua i "defector" mai kekahi ʻohana - viols i kekahi - violins, e like me ka mea hoʻokani mele Kelemania ʻo Kurt Sachs.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hoʻokomo mua ʻana o nā bass pālua i ka orchestra ma Italia. Ua hana ʻia kēia i ka makahiki 1699 e ka haku mele ʻo D. Aldrovandini ma ka opera "Caesar of Alexandria" ma ka hoʻomaka mua ma ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni o Naples.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi loa, ʻo ia ka hoʻohui mālie ʻana o nā manaʻo ʻelua - "violone" me "double bass". No kēia kumu, ma Italia ua kapa ʻia nā bass pālua ʻo "Violone", ma ʻEnelani - Double bass, ma Germany - der Kontrabass, a ma Farani - Contrebasse. Ma nā makahiki 50 wale nō o ke kenekulia XNUMX i lilo ai ka violone i ka pālua pālua. Ma kahi o ka manawa like, hoʻomaka ka poʻe hoʻokani pila o ʻEulopa e makemake i nā bass pālua. 
I ke kenekulia XVIII, "ulu" ʻo ia i nā hana hoʻokahi, akā me ʻekolu mau kaula ma ka mea kani.
I ka makahiki XNUMX, ua hoʻomau ʻo Giovanni Bottzini lāua ʻo Franz Simandl i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia kuhikuhi mele. A i ka makahiki XNUMXth, ua loaʻa ko lākou mau hope ma ke kino o Adolf Mishek lāua ʻo Sergei Koussevitzky.
ʻElua mau kenekulia o ka hakakā mau ʻana no ke ola ʻana ua alakaʻi i ka hana ʻana i kahi mea kani maikaʻi e hiki ke hoʻokūkū me kahi okana ikaika. Ma o nā hoʻoikaika ʻana o nā mea hoʻokani pila, e hahai nei nā miliona o ka poʻe me ka leʻaleʻa ʻole i nā neʻe deft o nā lima o ka maestro ma nā kaula.
