Edward Alexander MacDowell |

ʻO Edward MacDowell

Sekotia ma ka lāhui. Ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka piano i kona wā kamaliʻi me MT Carregno, ma 1876-1878 – me AF Marmontel (piano) a me MGO Savard (composition) ma Paris Conservatory, me C. Heyman (piano) a me I. Raffa (composition) ma ka conservatory ma Frankfurt am Main. I ka makahiki 1881-1882 ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka piano ma ka Darmstadt Conservatory. Mai ka makahiki 1888 noho ʻo McDowell ma Bosetona, hana ʻia ma nā ʻaha mele a ka mea kākau. Ma ke ʻano he haku mele, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo ia ma lalo o ka mana o nā manaʻo aesthetic a me ka hoʻonaʻauao o F. Liszt, nā kuʻuna o ka romantics (ke kumu o ka synthesis o nā mele a me nā mele), ʻoi aku ʻo R. Schumann, a me E. Grieg. ʻO ka hoʻomaka mua o MacDowell ma ke ʻano he haku mele ma Weimar (First Modern Suite, 1883) ua ʻae ʻia e Liszt, nāna i kōkua i ka paʻi ʻana i kāna mau hana mua. I ka makahiki 1896-1904 ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ke keʻena mele ma Columbia University ma New York (ka mua ma USA) a ʻo ia kona kumu. Ma muli o ka hakakā me ka hoʻokele o ke kulanui, pili me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hoʻonaʻauao mele āna i kūkulu ai, ua koi ʻia ʻo ia e haʻalele i ke aʻo ʻana. ʻO nā haʻiʻōlelo āna i hāʻawi ai ua paʻi ʻia ma ke ʻano he hōʻiliʻili o Critical and Historical Essays (Boston - NY, 1912).

Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻo McDowell, ʻaʻole pono ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka moʻolelo mele wale nō ka hana mele ʻāina maoli, akā e hoʻokomo pū i nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano ʻuhane, ke ʻano, ka moʻomeheu o nā kānaka a me ke ʻano o ka ʻāina. ʻO kekahi o nā mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ke kula ʻoihana haku mele ʻAmelika, ʻo McDowell no ka manawa mua (ma nā ʻano nui) i huli i ke mele ʻōiwi (Indian) (ʻo ke kumumanaʻo o ka "Funeral Song" mai ka 2nd "Indian Suite" i hoʻokumu ʻia ma kahi. ʻo ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ʻoiaʻiʻo o kahi kanikau hoʻolewa ʻĀina) a me nā kiʻi o nā palapala ʻAmelika (nā moʻolelo pōkole aloha na W. Irving, N. Hawthorne, nā mele mele na G. Longfellow, DR Lowell, etc.).

ʻO ka manaʻo aloha aloha a McDowell, he makemake no ka hōʻike ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao idyllic o ke ola, nā kiʻi mele a me nā ʻano naʻau i hōʻike ʻia ma Fireside Tales (6 pāʻani, Fireside Tales, 1902), New England Idylls (10 plays, New England Idyls", 1902), " Forest Sketches" (10 mau ʻāpana, "Woodland sketches", 1896), "Forest Idyls" (4 ʻāpana, "Forest Idyls") a me nā polokalamu liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe no ka piano, a me nā pōʻai mele mele ma nā kikokikona ponoʻī.

Ua kaulana ʻo McDowell iā ia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kona wā e ola ana. Ma nā mele symphonic, nā hui orchestral, nā concerto piano a me nā sonatas, ʻoi aku ka ʻike o nā ʻano mele, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea pili i ke aloha ʻākau. "Northern" (3rd) a me "Celtic" (4th) sonatas McDowell i hoʻolaʻa iā E. Grieg (ua kapa ʻia ʻo McDowell "American Grieg"). ʻO ka melodiousness, kahi hiʻohiʻona i ka noʻonoʻo aloha o nā kiʻi o ke ʻano he ʻano maʻamau o kāna ʻano haku mele. Ua mahalo nui ʻo McDowell i nā hana a nā haku haku mele Lūkini, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo PI Tchaikovsky; nona nā unuhi piano o nā hana orchestral na AP Borodin a me NA Rimsky-Korsakov. I ka makahiki 1910-1917, ua mālama ka McDowell Memorial Society i 4 mau lā McDowell Music Festival ma Peterborough, New Hampshire.

Nā haku mele: for orchestra. – 3 hōʻailona. poems: Hamlet and Ophelia (1885), Lancelot and Elaine (according to A. Tennyson, 1888), Lamia (according to J. Keats, 1889), 2 fragments from the Song of Roland – Saracens, Beautiful Alda (The Saracens, The nani ʻo Aida, 1891), 2 suites (1891, 1895); no ka mea kani me ka orc. – 2 fp. concerto (a-moll, 1885; d-moll, 1890), aloha no na iliohae. (1888); no ka fp. - Nā suites o kēia manawa (Sui hou, No 1, 2, 1882-84), 4 sonatas: Tragic, Heroic, Northern, Celtic (Tragica, Eroica, Norse, Keltic, 1893, 1895, 1900, 1901), 6 whims (Six fancies , 1898), 6 idylls (e like me IW Goethe, 1887), 6 poem (e like me G. Heine, 1887), Hikina (e like me V. Hugo, 1889), 8 Marionettes (Marionettes, 1888-1901), Sea scenes (Sea Pieces, 1898), 4 Poina nā moʻolelo moʻolelo (1898) a me nā pōʻai ʻē aʻe o nā pāʻani, 12 haʻawina (2 puke, 1890), 12 haʻawina virtuoso (1894), Haʻawina ʻenehana (2 puke, 1893, 1895); no 2 fp. – 3 mau mele (1886), Nā kiʻi mahina (Kiʻi mahina, ʻaʻohe XK Andersen, 1886); polygonal choirs, ch. arr. no ke kane. balota; nā pōʻaiapuni mele - 3 ma luna iho. huaolelo, incl. Mai kahi māla kahiko (6 mele, 1887), 2 ma ka lā aʻe. R. Burns (1889), 6 ma ff. WX Gardena (1890), ma ka hope. JW Goethe, Howells; 2 Mele kahiko (Two old songs, 1894).