Fritz Reiner (Reiner) (Fritz Reiner) |

Fritz Reiner

"Pono ka ʻoihana alakaʻi mai ka mea pena kiʻi i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka mea mele a me ke kanaka. Pono ʻoe i ke mele kūlohelohe, ka pepeiao hewa ʻole a me ke ʻano o ka puʻupuʻu. Pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke ʻano o nā mea kani like ʻole a me ke ʻano o ka hoʻokani ʻana iā lākou. Pono ʻoe e ʻike i nā ʻōlelo. Pono ʻoe i ka moʻomeheu ākea paʻa a hoʻomaopopo i nā hana ʻē aʻe - pena, kiʻi kiʻi, poʻi. Pono ʻoe e hauʻoli i ka mana, a ʻo ka hope loa, pono ʻoe e hana ʻino iā ʻoe iho ma lalo o nā kūlana āpau, i ka manawa i koho ʻia, e kū ma ka console, ʻoiai inā ua hala ka makani ʻino a i ʻole he waikaheka, kahi ulia kaʻaahi. a i ʻole ua maʻi wale ʻoe i ka maʻi maʻi.

Aia kēia mau ʻōlelo iā Fritz Reiner, kekahi o nā alakaʻi nui loa o ke kenekulia XNUMX. A ʻo kona ola haku lōʻihi a pau e hōʻoia ana iā lākou. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona i helu ʻia ma luna, ua loaʻa iā ia iho i ke ana piha a no laila he kumu hoʻohālike no ka poʻe mele, no kāna mau haumāna he nui.

Ma ke kumu a me ke kula, he mea hoʻokani pila ʻo Reiner. Ua loaʻa iā ia kāna hoʻonaʻauao ʻoihana ma kona kūlanakauhale hānau, ʻo Budapest, kahi i noho ai ʻo B. Bartok i waena o kāna mau kumu. Ua hoʻomaka ka hana alakaʻi a Reiner i ka makahiki 1910 ma Ljubljana. Ma hope mai ua hana ʻo ia ma nā hale opera o Budapest a me Dresden, a loaʻa koke i ka lehulehu ka ʻike. Mai 1922 ua neʻe ʻo Reiner i ʻAmelika; maanei i hiki aku ai kona kaulana i kona piko, maanei i loaa ai na lanakila noeau kiekie loa. Mai 1922 a i 1931, ua alakaʻi ʻo Reiner i ka Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra, mai 1938 a i 1948 ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ka Pittsburgh Orchestra, a laila no ʻelima mau makahiki ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ka Metropolitan Opera Theatre, a, i ka hopena, no nā makahiki he ʻumi hope o kona ola i lawelawe ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi alakaʻi. o ka Chicago Orchestra, ana i haalele ai he mau mahina mamua o ka make ana. I kēia mau makahiki a pau, ua huakaʻi nui ka mea alakaʻi i ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa, i hana ʻia i loko o nā keʻena ʻoliʻoli maikaʻi loa, i nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni "La Scala" a me "Covent Garden". Eia kekahi, ma kahi o kanakolu makahiki ʻo ia i aʻo ai i ke alakaʻi ma ka Philadelphia Curtis Institute, e aʻo ana i kekahi mau hanauna o nā alakaʻi, me L. Bernstein.

E like me nā mea hana kiʻi he nui o kāna hanauna, ua pili ʻo Reiner i ke kula aloha Kelemania. Hōʻike ʻia kāna kiʻi e kahi ākea ākea, hōʻike, nā ʻokoʻa mālamalama, nā kiʻekiʻe o ka mana nui, titanic pathos. Akā me kēia, ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi alakaʻi maoli, ua loaʻa iā Reiner kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe: ʻono maikaʻi, ʻike i nā ʻano mele like ʻole, ke ʻano o ke ʻano, pololei a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka kikokikona a ka mea kākau, ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kikoʻī. ʻO ke akamai o kāna hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa me ka orchestra i lilo i moʻolelo: he laconic loa ia, ua hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe mele i kāna mau manaʻo ma nā neʻe lima laconic.

ʻO kēia mau mea a pau i hiki i ke alakaʻi ke wehewehe i nā hana i ʻokoʻa loa i ke ʻano me ka kūleʻa like. Ua hopu ʻo ia i ka mea hoʻolohe i nā keaka ʻo Wagner, Verdi, Bizet, a me nā symphonies monumental o Beethoven, Tchaikovsky, Brahms, Mahler, a me nā canvases orchestral nani a Ravel, Richard Strauss, a ma nā hana kahiko a Mozart a me Haydn. Ua iho mai ka hana kiʻi a Reiner iā mākou i hopu ʻia ma nā moʻolelo he nui. Ma waena o kāna mau hoʻopaʻa leo ʻana he hoʻololi maikaʻi o ka suite o nā waltzes mai Strauss's Der Rosenkavalier, i hana ʻia e ke alakaʻi ponoʻī.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek