Natan Grigorievich Rakhlin (Natan Rakhlin).

Nathan Rakhlin

People's Artist of the USSR (1948), laureate o ka makana Stalin o ke kēkelē lua (1952). “I kekahi ahiahi ua hele au me koʻu mau hoa i ka māla o ke kūlanakauhale. E hoʻokani ana ka Kyiv Opera Orchestra i loko o ka lua. No ka manawa mua i loko o koʻu ola i lohe au i ke kani o ka symphony orchestra, ʻike au i nā mea kani aʻu i manaʻo ʻole ai. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka "Preludes" a Liszt a hoʻomaka ka pū kani Farani i kāna solo, me he mea lā ua paheʻe ka honua mai lalo o koʻu mau wāwae. Malia paha, mai ia manawa mai ua hoʻomaka wau e moeʻuhane i ka ʻoihana o kahi alakaʻi o ka symphony orchestra.

He ʻumikūmālima makahiki ʻo Rachlin. I kēia manawa hiki iā ia ke noʻonoʻo iā ia iho he mea hoʻokani pila. Ma kona kūlanakauhale hānau ʻo Snovsk, ma ka ʻāina ʻo Chernihiv, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kāna "hana ʻaha mele", e hoʻokani ana i ka violin i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a i ka makahiki he ʻumikūmākolu ua lilo ʻo ia i mea hōʻailona pu i ka hui o G. Kotovsky. A laila ʻo ka mea hoʻokani pila he lālā o ka hui keleawe o ke kula koa kiʻekiʻe ma Kyiv. I ka makahiki 1923 ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo ia i ka Kyiv Conservatory e aʻo i ka violin. I kēia manawa,ʻaʻole i haʻalele iā Rakhlin ka moeʻuhane o ka alakaʻi, a ke aʻo neiʻo ia ma ke keʻena alakaʻi o ka Lysenko Music and Drama Institute ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a V. Berdyaev lāuaʻo A. Orlov.

Ma hope o kona puka 'ana mai ke institute (1930), ua hana 'o Rakhlin me ka Kyiv a me Kharkov radio orchestras, me ka Donetsk Symphony Orchestra (1928-1937), a i ka makahiki 1937 ua lilo ia i po'o o ka Ukrainian SSR Symphony Orchestra.

Ma ka All-Union Competition (1938), ua loaʻa iā ia, me A. Melik-Pashayev, ka makana ʻelua. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia ʻo Rakhlin i nā kūlana o nā alakaʻi alakaʻi Soviet. I ka wā o ke Kaua Patriotic Nui, ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ka State Symphony Orchestra o ka USSR (1941-1944), a ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o Ukraine, ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ka republican orchestra no ʻelua mau makahiki. ʻO ka hope, i ka makahiki 1966-1967, hoʻonohonoho ʻo Rakhlin a alakaʻi i ka Kazan Symphony Orchestra.

I kēia manawa a pau, hāʻawi ka mea alakaʻi i nā ʻaha mele ma ko mākou ʻāina a ma waho. Hāʻawi kēlā me kēia hana a Rakhlin i nā ʻike hauʻoli a me nā ʻike nani maikaʻi i ka poʻe aloha mele. No ka mea, ua hoʻokō ʻo Rakhlin i ka ʻike honua, hoʻomau mau ʻo ia i kāna ʻimi noʻonoʻo, e ʻimi ana i nā hoʻonā hou i kēlā mau hana āna i hana ai no nā makahiki he mau makahiki.

ʻO ka mea kaulana kaulana Soviet cellist G. Tsomyk, ka mea i komo pinepine i nā ʻaha mele a ke alakaʻi, e hōʻike ana i ke kiʻi hoʻokani a ka mea pena: "Hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Rakhlin he conductor improvisational. ʻO ka mea i loaʻa ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa he kiʻi kiʻi wale nō ia no Rakhlin. Mohala maoli ke alakaʻi ma ka ʻaha mele. Hāʻawi ka hoʻoikaika o kahi mea pena kiʻi iā ia i nā kala hou a me nā kala hou, i kekahi manawa i manaʻo ʻole ʻia ʻaʻole wale no nā mea hoʻokani pila, akā no ka mea alakaʻi ponoʻī. Ma ka papahana hana, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia kēia mau ʻike i ka wā hoʻomaʻamaʻa. Akā, ʻo kā lākou hoʻohiwahiwa koʻikoʻi i loko o kēlā "liʻiliʻi" i hānau ʻia ma ka hana hui a ka mea alakaʻi a me ka orkestra ma ʻaneʻi, i loko o ke keʻena, i mua o ke anaina.

He unuhi ʻōlelo maikaʻi ʻo Rakhlin i nā ʻano hana like ʻole. Akā i waena o lākou, ʻo kāna heluhelu ʻana i ka Passacaglia na Bach-Gedicke, Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, Berlioz's Fantastic Symphony, nā mele symphonic a Liszt lāua ʻo R. Strauss, ke ono o ka Symphony, Manfred, Francesca da Rimini na Tchaikovsky. Hoʻokomo mau ʻo ia i kāna mau papahana a me nā hana a nā mea haku mele Soviet - N. Myaskovsky, R. Glier, Y. Shaporin, D. Shostakovich (ka mana mua o ka Eleventh Symphony), D. Kabalevsky, T. Khrennikov, V. Muradeli, Y ʻO Ivanov a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi alakaʻi nui o ka Ukrainian Symphony Orchestra, ua hana nui ʻo Rakhlin i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka hana o nā haku mele o ka repubalika. No ka manawa mua, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ka poʻe hoʻolohe i nā hana a nā mea haku mele kaulana - B. Lyatoshinsky, K. Dankevich, G. Maiboroda, V. Gomolyaka, G. Taranov, a me nā mea kākau ʻōpio. ʻO ka mea hope loa i ʻike ʻia e D. Shostakovich: "ʻO mākou, nā haku mele Soviet, hauʻoli nui mākou i ke ʻano aloha o N. Rakhlin i nā mea haku mele ʻōpio, nui ka poʻe o lākou i ʻae a hoʻomau i ka ʻae ʻana i kāna ʻōlelo aʻo koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā hana symphonic."

Hoʻopili ʻia ka hana aʻoaʻo a Professor N. Rakhlin me ka Kyiv Conservatory. Ma ʻaneʻi ua aʻo ʻo ia i nā alakaʻi alakaʻi Ukrainian.

Lit.: G. Yudin. Ukrainian conductors. “SM”, 1951, Helu 8; M. Puka. Nathan Rahlin. “SM”, 1956, No. 5.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969