Mele hoʻokolohua |

mele hoʻokolohua (mai lat. experimentum - ho'āʻo, ʻike) - mele i haku ʻia i mea e hoʻāʻo ai i nā haku mele hou. nā ʻenehana, nā kūlana hou o ka hana, nā mea kani maʻamau, etc. ʻO ka manaʻo o E. m. ʻaʻole maopopo; pili ia me nā ʻōlelo e like me ka "search creative", "innovation", "daring experience" a i ʻole (me ka manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole) "he ala i lilo i hope ʻole". ʻO ka pilina o kēia mau manaʻo a me ko lākou hui ʻana e hoʻonele i ka huaʻōlelo "E. m.” maopopo a mau palena. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, nā hana i manaʻo ʻia ʻo E.m., i ka wā lōʻihi, e komo i ka hana hoʻokō a nalowale i kā lākou kumu. he paʻi o ka hoʻokolohua (“atonality” ma Liszt's Bagatelle Without Key, 1885; ka neʻe ʻana o ka lole leo i loko o ka ʻāpana a Ives no ke keʻena hui ʻo The Unanswered Question, 1908; ka hana dodecaphonic i hoʻomohala nui ʻia ma ka Miniature Orchestral Piece No. 1 a Webern, 1913; "piano hoʻomākaukau" ma Cage's Bacchanalia, 1938, etc.). Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua-ʻakaʻaka iā E. m., no ka laʻana. mele i kākau ʻia e like me ka papa kuhikuhi o ka puke e ka haumāna a Bach ʻo Kirnberger "The Hourly Ready Writer of Polonaises and Minuets" (1757) a i ʻole ka puke i hāʻawi ʻia iā Mozart "A Guide to Composing Waltzes in Any Quantity Using Two Dice, Without Having the Slightest Idea o ke mele a me ka haku mele "(1793).

I ka makahiki 50. ʻO ka 20th century Concrete music, electronic music, i kapaʻia he mele uila (i ka makahiki 1958,ʻo P. Schaeffer ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i nā mele mele, alakaʻi i ka First International Decade of Experimental Music ma Paris). Pehea ʻo E. m. e noʻonoʻo hoʻi, no ka laʻana, ka synthesis o ka māmā a me ke mele (mele māmā), mele mīkini.

Hoʻokolohua mele. art-ve, e hana ana i ka manaʻo o ka ʻōlinolino a me ka mea hou o ke kiʻi. hoʻokipa, ʻaʻole i alakaʻi mau i kahi hopena aesthetically piha, no laila kānalua pinepine ka poʻe mele iā E. m.: "ʻO kahi hoʻokolohua ʻo ia kekahi mea i ka ʻepekema, akā ʻaʻohe mea i loko o ka haku mele" (IF Stravinsky, 1971, p. 281).

E hoʻomaopopo ': Zaripov R. Kh., Ural melodies (ma ke kaʻina hana o ka haku mele me ka Ural electronic computer), Knowledge is Power, 1961, No 2; nona iho, Cybernetics and music, M., 1963, 1971; Galeev B., Scriabin a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka manaʻo o ke mele ʻike ʻia, ma: Music and Modernity, vol. 6, M., 1969; kāna pono'ī, Nā mele māmā: ka hoʻokumu a me ke ʻano o ka hana hou, Kazan, 1976; Kirnberger J. Ph., Der allezeit fertige Polonoisen- und Menuettecomponist, B., 1757; Vers une music experimentale, “RM”, 1957, Numéro special (236); Patkowski J., Zzagadnien muzyki eksperimentalnej, "Muzyka", 1958, rok 3, no 4; Stravinsky I., Craft R., Kūkākūkā me Igor Stravinsky, NY, 1959 (Unuhi Lūkini - Stravinsky I., Dialogues …, L., 1971); Cage J., Zur Geschichte der experimentellen Musik ma den Vereinigten Staaten, "Darmstädter Beiträge zur neuen Musik", 2, 1959; Hiller LA, Isaacson LM, Mele hoʻokolohua, NY, 1959; Moles A., Les musiques experimentales, P.-Z.-Bruz., 1960; Kohoutek C., Novodobé skladebné teorie západoevropské hudby, Praha, 1962, ma lalo o ke poʻo inoa: Novodobé skladebné smery v hudbe, Praha, 1965 (Unuhi Lūkini - Kohoutek Ts., Technique of Composition in Music of the 1976th Century) ; Schdffer B., Maly informator muzyki XX wieku, Kr., 1975. See kukui. ma lalo o nā ʻatikala Mele Concrete, Electronic music.

ʻO Yu. N. Kholopov