Ruggero Leoncavallo |

ʻO Ruggero Leoncavallo

“… ʻO koʻu makuakāne ka pelekikena o ka Tribunal, ʻo koʻu makuahine ke kaikamahine a kahi mea pena kaulana Neapolitan. Ua hoʻomaka wau e aʻo i ke mele ma Naples a i ka makahiki 8 ua komo au i ka conservatory, i ka makahiki 16 ua loaʻa iaʻu kahi diploma maestro, ʻo Serrao koʻu kumu i haku mele, ma ka piano Chesi. Ma nā hoʻokolohua hope loa ua hana lākou i kaʻu cantata. A laila, komo au i ke Kumu o Philology ma ke Kulanui o Bologna e hoʻomaikaʻi i koʻu ʻike. Ua aʻo au me ka haku mele ʻItalia ʻo Giosuè Caroucci, a i ka makahiki 20 ua loaʻa iaʻu koʻu kauka kauka ma ka palapala. A laila, hele au i kahi huakaʻi noʻeau i ʻAigupita e kipa i koʻu ʻanakala, he mea hoʻokani pila ma ke aloaliʻi. ʻO ke kaua hikiwawe a me ka noho ʻana o ʻAigupita e ka poʻe Pelekania i huikau i kaʻu mau manaʻo a pau. Me ka ʻole o ka peni i loko o kaʻu ʻeke, ua ʻaʻahu ʻia i ka lole Arab, ʻaʻole wau i puka i waho o ʻAigupita a hiki i Marseille, kahi i hoʻomaka ai koʻu hele ʻana. Hāʻawi wau i nā haʻawina mele, hana ʻia ma nā hale ʻaina chantany, kākau i nā mele no nā soubrettes i nā hale mele, "R. Ua kākau ʻo Leoncavallo e pili ana iā ia iho.

A ʻo ka hope, pōmaikaʻi. Ua hoʻi ka haku mele i kona ʻāina hānau a aia i ka lanakila o P. Mascagni's Rustic Honor. Ua hoʻoholo kēia hana i ka hopena o Leoncavallo: hoʻomohala ʻo ia i ka makemake nui e kākau i ka opera wale nō a ma kahi ʻano hou. Ua hoʻomaka koke ka manaʻo i ka manaʻo: e hana hou ma ke ʻano operatic i kēlā hanana weliweli mai ke ola ʻana, āna i ʻike ai i ka makahiki ʻumikūmālima: ua aloha ka valet o kona makuakāne me kahi mea hana keaka hele, ʻo kāna kāne, ua hopu i nā mea aloha, pepehi i kāna wahine ʻelua. a me ka hoopunipuni. ʻElima mahina wale nō ʻo Leoncavallo e kākau i ka libretto a me ka helu no Pagliacci. Ua hoʻokani ʻia ka opera ma Milan i ka makahiki 1892 ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a ka ʻōpio ʻo A. Toscanini. Nui ka lanakila. Ua ʻike koke ʻia ʻo "Pagliacci" ma nā pae āpau o ʻEulopa. Ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka opera ma ke ahiahi like me ka Mascagni's Rural Honor, no laila e hōʻailona ana i ka huakaʻi lanakila o kahi ʻano hou o ke kiʻi - verismo. ʻO ka mua o ka opera Pagliacci i hoʻolaha ʻia ʻo ka Manifesto of Verism. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe hoʻohewa, ʻo ka kūleʻa o ka opera ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kālena moʻokalaleo koʻikoʻi o ka haku mele. ʻO ka libretto o Pajatsev, i kākau ʻia e ia iho, he ʻano pōkole, ikaika, ʻokoʻa, a ua wehewehe ʻia nā ʻano o nā huaʻōlelo i ka hoʻomaha. A ʻo kēia mau hana keaka ʻālohilohi a pau i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā mele hoʻomanaʻo me ka wehe ʻana i ka naʻau. Ma kahi o nā arias lōʻihi maʻamau, hāʻawi ʻo Leoncavallo i nā ariosos ikaika o kēlā mana manaʻo i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka opera Italia ma mua ona.

Ma hope o The Pagliacians, ua hana ka mea haku mele i 19 mau keaka hou, akā, ʻaʻohe o lākou i lanakila like me ka mua. Ua kākau ʻo Leoncavallo i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole: loaʻa iā ia nā pāʻani mōʻaukala ("Roland from Berlin" - 1904, "Medici" - 1888), nā pōʻino weliweli ("Gypsies", e pili ana i ka mele a A. Pushkin - 1912), nā mele mele ("Maya". "- 1910), operettas ("Malbrook" - 1910, "Queen of the Roses" - 1912, "The First Kiss" - post. 1923, etc.) a, ʻoiaʻiʻo, verist operas ("La Boheme" - 1896 a "Zaza" - 1900).

Ma waho aʻe o nā hana o ke ʻano opera, ua kākau ʻo Leoncavallo i nā hana symphonic, nā ʻāpana piano, nā mele aloha, a me nā mele. Akā ʻo "Pagliacci" wale nō ke hoʻomau nei i ka holomua ma nā kahua opera o ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

M. Dvorkina