Fedor Ivanovich Chaliapin (Feodor Chaliapin) |

Feodor Chaliapin

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Fedor Ivanovich Chaliapin ma Pepeluali 13, 1873 ma Kazan, ma kahi ʻohana ʻilihune o Ivan Yakovlevich Chaliapin, he kanaka mahiʻai mai ke kauhale ʻo Syrtsovo, ka moku ʻo Vyatka. ʻO ka makuahine, ʻo Evdokia (Avdotya) Mikhailovna (nee Prozorova), mai ke kauhale ʻo Dudinskaya ma ka panalāʻau hoʻokahi. I ka wā kamaliʻi, he leo maikaʻi ʻo Fedor (treble) a hīmeni pinepine me kona makuahine, "hoʻololi i kona leo." Mai ka makahiki ʻeiwa, hīmeni ʻo ia i nā hui hīmeni o ka hale pule, hoʻāʻo e aʻo e hoʻokani i ka violin, heluhelu nui, akā ua koi ʻia ʻo ia e hana ma ke ʻano he mea hana kāmaʻa, huli, kamana, mea hoʻopaʻa puke, mea kope. I ka makahiki he 'umikūmālua, ua komo 'o ia i ka hana o ka hui huaka'i hele ma Kazan ma ke 'ano he mea hou. ʻO ka makemake ʻole i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni i alakaʻi iā ia i nā hui hana like ʻole, kahi āna i ʻauwana ai a puni nā kūlanakauhale o ka ʻāina ʻo Volga, ka Caucasus, Central Asia, e hana ana ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokele a i ʻole ka mea hoʻopaʻa ma ka uapo, e pōloli pinepine ana a hoʻomaha i ka pō. nā noho.

Ma Ufa 18 Dekemaba 1890, hīmeni ʻo ia i ka ʻāpana solo no ka manawa mua. Mai nā memo o Chaliapin iā ia iho:

“… Me he mea lā, ʻoiai ma ke ʻano haʻahaʻa o ka haku mele, ua hiki iaʻu ke hōʻike i koʻu mele kūlohelohe a me ka leo maikaʻi. I kekahi lā, ua hōʻole koke kekahi o nā baritones o ka hui, i ka pō o ka hana, no kekahi kumu i hōʻole ai i ke kuleana o Stolnik ma ka opera a Moniuszko "Galka", a ʻaʻohe mea i loko o ka hui e pani iā ​​​​ia, ʻo ka mea kālepa Semyonov- Nīnau mai ʻo Samarsky iaʻu inā ʻae wau e hīmeni i kēia ʻāpana. ʻOiai koʻu hilahila loa, ua ʻae au. He mea hoʻowalewale loa ia: ʻo ka hana koʻikoʻi mua i koʻu ola. Ua aʻo koke wau i ka ʻāpana a hana.

ʻOiai ke kaumaha o kēia hana (noho wau ma ke kahua ma mua o kahi noho), ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ʻo Semyonov-Samarsky e koʻu mele ʻana a me koʻu makemake nui e kiʻi i kahi mea e like me kahi poʻokela Polani. Ua hoʻohui ʻo ia i ʻelima rubles i kaʻu uku a hoʻomaka hoʻi e hāʻawi iaʻu i nā kuleana ʻē aʻe. Ke noʻonoʻo nei au i ka manaʻo hoʻomanaʻo: ʻo kahi hōʻailona maikaʻi no ka mea hoʻomaka i ka hana mua ma ke kahua i mua o ke anaina, ʻo ia ke noho ma mua o ka noho. I loko o kaʻu ʻoihana ma hope, ua nānā makaʻala wau i ka noho a makaʻu wau ʻaʻole e noho wale, akā e noho pū ma ka noho o kekahi…

I kēia kau mua oʻu, hīmeni pū wau iā Fernando ma Il trovatore a me Neizvestny ma ka Halekupapaʻu o Askold. Ua hoʻoikaika ka holomua i kaʻu hoʻoholo e hoʻolaʻa iaʻu iho i ka hale keaka.

A laila ua neʻe ka mea mele ʻōpio i Tiflis, kahi āna i lawe ai i nā haʻawina hīmeni manuahi mai ka mea mele kaulana ʻo D. Usatov, i hoʻokani ʻia ma nā ʻaha mele a me nā haumāna. I ka makahiki 1894, hīmeni ʻo ia i nā hana i hana ʻia ma ka māla ʻāina o St. Petersburg "Arcadia", a laila ma ka Panaevsky Theatre. Ma ʻApelila 1895, XNUMX, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he Mephistopheles ma Gounod's Faust ma ke Keʻena Mariinsky.

I ka makahiki 1896, ua kono ʻia ʻo Chaliapin e S. Mamontov i ka Moscow Private Opera, kahi i lawe ai ʻo ia i kahi kūlana alakaʻi a hōʻike piha i kāna talena, e hana ana i nā makahiki o ka hana ma kēia hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni he hale kiʻi holoʻokoʻa o nā kiʻi poina ʻole i nā keaka Lūkini: ʻo Ivan the Terrible. ma N. Rimsky's The Maid of Pskov -Korsakov (1896); ʻO Dositheus ma ka M. Mussorgsky "Kovanshchina" (1897); ʻO Boris Godunov i ka opera o ka inoa hoʻokahi e M. Mussorgsky (1898) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma ka Mammoth Theatre me nā mea pena kiʻi maikaʻi loa o Rūsia (V. Polenov, V. a me A. Vasnetsov, I. Levitan, V. Serov, M. Vrubel, K. Korovin a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) hāʻawi i ka mea mele i nā mea hoʻoikaika ikaika no ka hana ʻana: ko lākou ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā ʻaʻahu i kōkua i ka hana ʻana i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi. Ua hoʻomākaukau ka mea mele i nā ʻāpana opera i loko o ka hale keaka me ke alakaʻi alakaʻi a me ka haku mele ʻo Sergei Rachmaninoff. Ua hoʻohui ʻia ʻelua mau mea pena kiʻi nui a hiki i ka hopena o ko lāua ola ʻana. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo Rachmaninov i kekahi mau romances i ka mea mele, ʻo ia hoʻi "Fate" (mau paukū na A. Apukhtin), "Ua ʻike ʻoe iā ia" (mau paukū na F. Tyutchev).

Ua hauʻoli ka hana ʻāina hohonu o ka mea hīmeni i kona mau hoa. "Ma ke kiʻi Lūkini, he au ʻo Chaliapin, e like me Pushkin," i kākau ai ʻo M. Gorky. Ma muli o nā kuʻuna maikaʻi loa o ke kula leo leo aupuni, ua wehe ʻo Chaliapin i kahi au hou i ka hale keaka mele aupuni. Ua hiki iā ia ke hoʻohui pū i nā loina koʻikoʻi ʻelua o ke kiʻi opera - dramatic a me ke mele - e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kāna makana pōʻino, ka plasticity kahua kūʻokoʻa a me ke mele hohonu i ka manaʻo noʻeau hoʻokahi.

Mai ka lā 24 o Kepakemapa, 1899, ua mākaʻikaʻi ʻo Chaliapin, ke alakaʻi soloist o ka Bolshoi a ma ka manawa like ʻo Mariinsky Theatre, me ka lanakila lanakila. I ka makahiki 1901, ma Milan's La Scala, ua hīmeni ʻo ia me ka lanakila nui i ka ʻāpana o Mephistopheles ma ka opera o ka inoa hoʻokahi a A. Boito me E. Caruso, alakaʻi ʻia e A. Toscanini. Ua hōʻoia ʻia ka kaulana honua o ka mea mele Lūkini e nā huakaʻi ma Roma (1904), Monte Carlo (1905), Orange (France, 1905), Berlin (1907), New York (1908), Paris (1908), London (1913/). 14). ʻO ka nani akua o ka leo o Chaliapin i hoʻopio i ka poʻe hoʻolohe o nā ʻāina āpau. ʻO kāna bass kiʻekiʻe, hāʻawi ʻia e ke ʻano, me kahi ʻeleʻele, ʻoluʻolu, kani ke koko piha, ikaika a loaʻa i kahi papale momona o nā leo leo. ʻO ka hopena o ka hoʻololi kiʻi i kāhāhā i ka poʻe hoʻolohe - ʻaʻole wale kahi hiʻohiʻona o waho, akā he ʻike hohonu hoʻi i loko, i haʻi ʻia e ka leo leo o ka mea mele. I ka hana ʻana i nā kiʻi ākea a me nā hiʻohiʻona, ua kōkua ʻia ka mea mele e kāna versatility kupaianaha: ʻo ia ka mea kālai a me ka mea pena, kākau i nā mele a me nā prosa. ʻO kēlā kālena maʻamau o ka mea pena kiʻi nui e hoʻomanaʻo nei i nā haku o ka Renaissance - ʻaʻole ia he coincidence ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā contemporaries i kāna mau koa opera me nā titans o Michelangelo. ʻO ke kiʻi o Chaliapin i hele i nā palena ʻāina a hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hale opera honua. Hiki i nā mea alakaʻi o ke Komohana, nā mea pena a me nā mea mele ke haʻi hou i nā ʻōlelo a ke alakaʻi Italia a me ka haku mele ʻo D. Gavazeni: "ʻO ka hana hou a Chaliapin i ke ʻano o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maoli o ke kiʻi opera he hopena ikaika i ka hale keaka Italia ... Ua haʻalele ka mea pena i kahi hōʻailona hohonu a mau loa ʻaʻole wale ma ke kahua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā opera Lūkini e nā mea mele Italia, akā ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa o kā lākou leo ​​a me ka wehewehe ʻana i ke kahua, me nā hana a Verdi ... "

"Ua hoihoi ʻia ʻo Chaliapin e nā ʻano o ka poʻe ikaika, i ʻapo ʻia e ka manaʻo a me ka makemake, ka ʻike ʻana i kahi pāʻani uhane hohonu, a me nā kiʻi hoʻomākeʻaka nani," wahi a DN Lebedev. - Me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka ikaika, ua hōʻike ʻo Chaliapin i ka pōʻino o ka makua kāne pōʻino i ke kaumaha me ka "Mermaid" a i ʻole ka manaʻo ʻehaʻeha a me ka mihi i ʻike ʻia e Boris Godunov.

Ma ke aloha no ka ʻeha kanaka, ua hōʻike ʻia ke kanaka kiʻekiʻe - kahi waiwai i hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o ka holomua Lūkini holomua, e pili ana i ka lāhui, ma ka maʻemaʻe a me ka hohonu o nā manaʻo. I loko o kēia lāhui, ka mea i hoʻopiha i ke kino holoʻokoʻa a me nā hana a pau a Chaliapin, ua paʻa ka ikaika o kāna talena, ka mea huna o kona hoʻohuli ʻana, ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā mea āpau, a hiki i kahi kanaka ʻike ʻole.

Kūʻē ʻo Chaliapin i ka manaʻo hoʻohālikelike: "Ke hōʻike mau nei nā mele āpau i nā manaʻo ma kekahi ʻano a i ʻole, a ma kahi e loaʻa ai nā manaʻo, haʻalele ka mechanical transmission i ka manaʻo o ka monotony weliweli. ʻO kahi aria kupaianaha ke kani a me ke ʻano maʻamau inā ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala ʻia ka leo o ka huaʻōlelo i loko, inā ʻaʻole kala ʻia ke kani me nā aka o nā manaʻo e pono ai. Pono pū nā mele Western i kēia leo… aʻu i ʻike ai he mea pono no ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā mele Lūkini, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka haʻalulu psychological ma mua o nā mele Lūkini.

Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Chaliapin e kahi hana ʻoliʻoli a waiwai. Ua hauʻoli mau ka poʻe hoʻolohe i kāna hana ʻana i nā mele ʻo The Miller, The Old Corporal, Dargomyzhsky's Titular Counsellor, The Seminarist, Mussorgsky's Trepak, Glinka's Doubt, Rimsky-Korsakov's The Prophet, Tchaikovsky's The Nightingale, The Double Schubert, "ʻAʻole wau i huhū. , "Ma ka moeʻuhane uē nui au" na Schumann.

Eia ka mea a ka mea hoʻonaʻauao mele kaulana Lūkini ʻo B. Asafiev i kākau ai e pili ana i kēia ʻaoʻao o ka hana hana a ka mea mele.

"Ua hīmeni ʻo Chaliapin i nā mele keʻena maoli, i kekahi manawa noʻonoʻo, hohonu loa me he mea lā ʻaʻohe ona mea like me ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni a ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻokau i ka manaʻo nui i nā mea pono a me ke ʻano o ka hōʻike i koi ʻia e ke kahua. Loaʻa iā ia ka mālie a me ke kaohi. No ka laʻana, hoʻomanaʻo wau i kā Schumann "I loko o koʻu moeʻuhane i uwē nui wau" - hoʻokahi leo, he leo i ka hāmau, haʻahaʻa, huna manaʻo, akā ʻaʻohe mea hoʻokani, a ʻo kēia nui, hauʻoli, lokomaikaʻi me ka ʻakaʻaka, aloha, maopopo. kanaka. Ke kani nei ka leo mehameha - a aia nā mea a pau i ka leo: ʻo ka hohonu a me ka piha o ka puʻuwai o ke kanaka ... ʻaʻohe oni ka helehelena, ʻike nui nā maka, akā ma ke ʻano kūikawā, ʻaʻole like, e ʻōlelo, ʻo Mephistopheles i ka hanana kaulana me nā haumāna a i ʻole i kahi serenade hoʻomākeʻaka: ma laila lākou i puhi ai me ka ʻino, hoʻohenehene, a laila nā maka o ke kanaka i ʻike i nā ʻano o ke kaumaha, akā ʻo ka mea i hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻopaʻi koʻikoʻi o ka noʻonoʻo a me ka puʻuwai - i ke kani o kāna mau hōʻike a pau. - loaʻa i ke kanaka ka mana ma luna o nā kuko a me ka ʻeha.

Ua makemake ka poʻe paʻi i ka helu ʻana i nā uku o ka mea pena, e kākoʻo ana i ka moʻolelo o ka waiwai kupanaha, ka manaʻo o Chaliapin. He aha inā e hoʻopiʻi ʻia kēia moʻolelo e nā mea hoʻolaha a me nā papahana o nā ʻaha mele aloha, nā hana kaulana a ka mea mele ma Kyiv, Kharkov a me Petrograd i mua o ka lehulehu e hana ana? ʻO nā ʻōlelo hoʻopunipuni, nā nūhou nūpepa a me nā ʻōlelo haʻihaʻi i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i koi ai i ka mea pena e lawe i kāna peni, hōʻole i nā manaʻo a me nā kuhi, a wehewehe i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo o kāna moʻolelo pilikino. Makehewa!

I ka wā o ke Kaua Honua Mua, ua pau nā huakaʻi a Chaliapin. Ua wehe ka mea mele i ʻelua hale maʻi no nā koa ʻeha ma kāna kālā ponoʻī, ʻaʻole naʻe i hoʻolaha i kāna "hana maikaʻi". Ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Loio MF Volkenstein, ka mea nāna i mālama i ka ʻoihana kālā o ka mea mele no nā makahiki he nui: "Inā ʻike lākou i ka nui o ke kālā a Chaliapin i hele ma koʻu mau lima e kōkua i ka poʻe e pono ai!"

Ma hope o ke kipi o ʻOkakopa i ka makahiki 1917, ua hana ʻo Fyodor Ivanovich i ka hana hou ʻana o nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni imperial mua, he lālā i koho ʻia o nā alakaʻi o nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Bolshoi a me Mariinsky, a ma 1918 i alakaʻi i ka ʻāpana kiʻi o ka hope. I kēlā makahiki hoʻokahi, ʻo ia ka mea mua o nā mea pena i hāʻawi ʻia i ke poʻo inoa o People's Artist of the Republic. Ua ʻimi ka mea mele e haʻalele i ka politika, ua kākau ʻo ia i loko o ka puke o kāna mau memo: "Inā i loko o koʻu ola he mea hoʻokani a me ka mea mele, ua paʻa loa wau i kaʻu ʻoihana. Akā ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi he kanaka kālai'āina wau. "

Ma waho, me he mea lā ua pōmaikaʻi a waiwai hoʻi ke ola o Chaliapin. Ua kono ʻia ʻo ia e hoʻokani ma nā ʻaha mele kūhelu, hana nui ʻo ia no ka lehulehu, hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i nā inoa hanohano, noi ʻia e alakaʻi i ka hana o nā ʻano jure noʻeau, nā ʻaha keaka. Akā, aia nā leo koʻikoʻi e "hoʻopili iā Chaliapin", "e hoʻokau i kāna talena i ka lawelawe ʻana i ka poʻe", ua hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā kānalua e pili ana i ka "ʻoiaʻiʻo papa" o ka mea mele. Ke koi nei kekahi i ke komo pono ʻana o kona ʻohana i ka hana ʻana i ka hana hana, hoʻoweliweli pololei kekahi i ka mea pena kiʻi mua o nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni imperial ... kaʻu hana", - ua ʻae ka mea pena.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki iā Chaliapin ke pale iā ia iho mai ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana o nā mea hana ikaika ma o ka noi pilikino iā Lunacharsky, Peters, Dzerzhinsky, Zinoviev. Akā, ʻo ka hilinaʻi mau ʻana i nā kauoha a nā luna kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka hierarchy ʻaoʻao hoʻomalu, he mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa ia no kahi mea pena. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole lākou i hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka palekana piha piha a ʻaʻole i hoʻoulu i ka hilinaʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

I ka pūnāwai o 1922, ʻaʻole i hoʻi mai ʻo Chaliapin mai nā huakaʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai no kekahi manawa ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kona hoʻi ʻole ʻana he manawa pōkole. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka nohona home i ka mea i hana ʻia. ʻO ka mālamaʻana i nā keiki,ʻo ka hopohopo o ka haʻaleleʻana iā lākou me ka loaʻaʻole o kahi ola, ua koiʻo Fedor Ivanovich eʻae i nā huakaʻi pauʻole. ʻO ke kaikamahine hiapo ʻo Irina i noho ma Moscow me kāna kāne a me kāna makuahine, ʻo Paula Ignatievna Tornagi-Chaliapina. ʻO nā keiki ʻē aʻe mai ka male mua - ʻo Lydia, Boris, Fedor, Tatyana - a me nā keiki mai ka male lua - ʻo Marina, Martha, Dassia a me nā keiki a Maria Valentinovna (lua wahine), ʻo Edward lāua ʻo Stella, noho pū me lākou ma Paris. Ua haʻaheo loa ʻo Chaliapin i kāna keiki ʻo Boris, ka mea, e like me N. Benois, ua loaʻa i ka "holomua nui ma ke ʻano he kiʻi pena kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi." Ua makemake ʻo Fyodor Ivanovich i kāna keiki; ʻO nā kiʻi a me nā kiʻi kiʻi o kona makuakāne i hana ʻia e Boris "he mau monumen waiwai nui ia no ka mea pena kiʻi nui ...".

Ma ka ʻāina ʻē, ua hauʻoli ka mea hīmeni i ka lanakila mau, kaʻapuni kokoke i nā ʻāina āpau o ka honua - ma ʻEnelani, ʻAmelika, Kanada, Kina, Iapana, a me ka pae ʻāina ʻo Hawaiʻi. Mai 1930, hana ʻo Chaliapin i ka hui ʻOpera Lūkini, nona nā hana i kaulana no ko lākou kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka moʻomeheu staging. Ua lanakila nui ka opera Mermaid, Boris Godunov, a me Prince Igor ma Paris. I ka makahiki 1935, ua koho ʻia ʻo Chaliapin i lālā o ka Royal Academy of Music (me A. Toscanini) a ua loaʻa iā ia kahi diploma kula. Aia ma kahi o 70 mau ʻāpana i loko o ka repertoire a Chaliapin. Ma nā keaka mele a nā mea haku mele Lūkini, ua hana ʻo ia i nā kiʻi o Melnik (Mermaid), Ivan Susanin (Ivan Susanin), Boris Godunov a me Varlaam (Boris Godunov), Ivan the Terrible (The Maid of Pskov) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka ikaika a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. ola. . ʻO Mephistopheles (Faust lāua ʻo Mephistopheles), ʻo Don Basilio (The Barber of Seville), Leporello (Don Giovanni), ʻo Don Quixote (Don Quixote) ma waena o nā hana maikaʻi loa ma Western European opera. E like me ka maikaʻi o Chaliapin ma ke keʻena leo leo. Maʻaneʻi ua hoʻokomoʻo ia i kahi mea o ka hana keaka a hana i kahiʻano "romance theater". ʻO kāna repertoire he ʻehā haneli mau mele, nā mele aloha a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ke keʻena a me nā mele leo. Ma waena o nā mea hana nui o ka hana hana ʻo "Bloch", "Forgotten", "Trepak" na Mussorgsky, "Night Review" na Glinka, "Prophet" na Rimsky-Korsakov, "Two Grenadiers" na R. Schumann, "Double" na F ʻO Schubert, a me nā mele mele Lūkini "Aloha, hauʻoli", "ʻAʻole lākou e haʻi iā Masha e hele ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka muliwai", "No ka mokupuni a hiki i ke kumu".

I ka makahiki 20 a me 30, ua hana ʻo ia ma kahi o ʻekolu haneli mau mele. "Aloha au i nā moʻolelo gramophone ..." i haʻi aku ai ʻo Fedor Ivanovich. "ʻOliʻoli wau a hauʻoli hoʻi i ka manaʻo ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka microphone i kahi anaina kūikawā, akā miliona o ka poʻe hoʻolohe." Ua koho nui ka mea mele e pili ana i nā hoʻopaʻa leo, ma waena o kāna mau punahele ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mele mele a Massenet, "Elegy", nā mele mele Lūkini, i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā papahana o kāna ʻaha mele i kona ola ʻana. Wahi a Asafiev hoʻomanaʻo, "ʻo ka hanu nui, ikaika, hikiʻole ke paleʻia o ka mea mele nui i hoʻopiha i ka mele, a loheʻia,ʻaʻohe palena o nā kula a me nā steppes o ko kākou Makuahine."

Ma ʻAukake 24, 1927, ua ʻae ka ʻaha kūkā o nā Komisina o nā kānaka i kahi ʻōlelo hoʻoholo e hoʻonele ana iā Chaliapin i ka inoa ʻo People's Artist. ʻAʻole i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo Gorky i ka hiki ke wehe i ka inoa ʻo People's Artist mai Chaliapin, ka mea i lohe mua ʻia i ka puna o 1927: e hana. Eia naʻe, i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻokoʻa nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole like me ka manaʻo o Gorky ...

Ma ka ʻōlelo ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻoholo a ka ʻaha kūkā o nā Komisina o nā kānaka, ua hoʻokuʻu loa ʻo AV Lunacharsky i ka ʻaoʻao kālai'āina, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana "ʻo ke kumu wale nō o ka hoʻonele ʻana iā Chaliapin i ke poʻo inoa ʻo ia kona makemake ʻole e hele mai i kahi manawa pōkole i kona ʻāina hānau a lawelawe i ka hana noʻeau. ka poʻe nui nona ka mea pena i hoʻolaha ʻia. ”…

Eia naʻe, ma ka USSR ʻaʻole lākou i haʻalele i nā hoʻāʻo e hoʻihoʻi iā Chaliapin. I ka hāʻule o 1928, ua kākau ʻo Gorky iā Fyodor Ivanovich mai Sorrento: "Ke ʻōlelo nei lākou e hīmeni ʻoe ma Roma? E hele mai au e hoolohe. Makemake nui lākou e hoʻolohe iā ʻoe ma Moscow. ʻO Stalin, Voroshilov a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i haʻi mai iaʻu i kēia. ʻO ka "pōhaku" ma Crimea a me kekahi mau waiwai e hoʻihoʻi ʻia iā ʻoe.

Ua mālamaʻia ka hālāwai ma Roma iʻApelila 1929. Ua meleʻo Chaliapin iā "Boris Godunov" me ka lanakila nui. Ma hope o ka hana, ʻākoakoa mākou ma ka hale waihona puke. “Ua maikaʻi loa nā kānaka a pau. Ua haʻi ʻo Alexei Maksimovich lāua ʻo Maxim i nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka Soviet Union, pane i nā nīnau he nui, i ka hopena, ua haʻi ʻo Alexei Maksimovich iā Fedor Ivanovich: "E hoʻi i ka home, e nānā i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi ola hou, i nā poʻe hou, ko lākou hoihoi nui ʻoe, no ka mea makemake ʻoe e noho ma laila, maopopo iaʻu. Ke hoʻomau nei ka hūnōna wahine a ka mea kākau ʻo NA Peshkova: "ʻO Maria Valentinovna, ka mea e hoʻolohe mālie ana, ua haʻi koke ʻo ia, e huli ana iā Fyodor Ivanovich:" E hele ʻoe i ka Soviet Union ma luna o koʻu kino. Ua hāʻule ka manaʻo o kēlā me kēia kanaka, mākaukau koke lākou e hoʻi i ka home. ʻAʻole i hui hou ʻo Chaliapin lāua ʻo Gorky.

Ma kahi mamao loa mai ka home, no Chaliapin, ua aloha nui nā hui me nā Lūkini - Korovin, Rachmaninov, Anna Pavlova. Ua kamaʻāina ʻo Chaliapin iā Toti Dal Monte, Maurice Ravel, Charlie Chaplin, Herbert Wells. I ka makahiki 1932, ua hōkū ʻo Fedor Ivanovich i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo Don Quixote ma ka manaʻo o ke alakaʻi Kelemania ʻo Georg Pabst. Ua kaulana ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni i ka lehulehu. I ka emi ana o kona mau makahiki, ua makemake nui o Chaliapin ia Rusia, ua nalowale kona lealea a me ka manaolana, aole i mele i na wahi opera hou, a ua hoomaka e ma'i pinepine. Ma Mei 1937, ua ʻike nā kauka iā ia me ka maʻi leukemia. Ma ʻApelila 12, 1938, ua make ka mea mele nui ma Paris.

A hiki i ka hopena o kona ola ʻana, ua noho ʻo Chaliapin i kamaʻāina Lūkini - ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻae i ke kamaʻāina haole, ua moe ʻo ia e kanu ʻia i kona ʻāina hānau. Ua hoʻokō ʻia kona makemake, ua lawe ʻia ka lehu o ka mea mele i Moscow a ma ʻOkakopa 29, 1984 ua kanu ʻia lākou ma ka hale kupapaʻu Novodevichy.