Hermann Abendroth |

Herman Abendroth

ʻO ke ala hana o Herman Abendroth i hala i mua o nā maka o ka lehulehu Soviet. Ua hele muaʻo ia i ka USSR i ka makahiki 1925. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokō mua ka mea pena kiʻi he kanahākūmālua makahiki i kahi paʻa i loko o ka pūʻulu o nā alakaʻi alakaʻi oʻEulopa, a ua waiwai nui i nā inoa hanohano. Ma hope ona he kula maikaʻi loa (ua hānai ʻia ʻo ia ma Munich ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a F. Motl) a me ka ʻike nui ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi. I ka makahiki 1903, ua alaka'i ke alaka'i 'ōpio i ka Munich "Orchestral Society", a 'elua makahiki ma hope mai, lilo 'o ia i alaka'i o ka opera a me nā 'aha mele ma Lübeck. A laila ua hana ʻo ia ma Essen, Cologne, a ma hope o ke Kaua Honua Mua, ua lilo ʻo ia i kumu aʻoaʻo, ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ke kula ʻo Cologne Music a lawe i nā hana aʻo. ʻO kāna mau huakaʻi hele ma Farani, Italia, Denmark, Netherlands; ekolu manawa i hele mai ai i ko kakou aina. Ua ʻōlelo kekahi o nā mea hoʻohewa Soviet: "Ua loaʻa i ka alakaʻi ke aloha nui mai ka hana mua loa. Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ma ke kanaka ʻo Abendroth i hui ai mākou me kahi ʻano ʻano kiʻi nui ... ʻO Abendroth ka hoihoi nui ma ke ʻano he ʻenehana maikaʻi loa a he mea hoʻokani mele maikaʻi loa i komo i nā kuʻuna maikaʻi loa o ka moʻomeheu mele Kelemania. Ua hoʻoikaika ʻia kēia mau ʻoluʻolu ma hope o nā ʻaha mele he nui kahi i hoʻokani ai ka mea pena i kahi repertoire nui a ʻano like ʻole, me nā hana a kāna mau haku mele punahele - Handel, Beethoven, Schubert, Bruckner, Wagner, Liszt, Reger, R. Strauss; Ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻia ka hana ʻana o Tchaikovsky's Fifth Symphony.

No laila, i ka makahiki 20, mahalo nui ka poʻe hoʻolohe Soviet i ke kālena a me ke akamai o ke alakaʻi. Ua kākau ʻo I. Sollertinsky: “Ma ka hiki ʻana o Abendroth i ka haku mele ʻaʻohe mea o ka posturing, deliberate self-stageting or hysterical convulsions. Me nā kumuwaiwai ʻenehana nui, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i makemake e pāʻani me ka virtuosity o kona lima a i ʻole ka manamana lima hema. Me kahi ʻano maʻamau a ākea, hiki iā Abendroth ke kiʻi i kahi sonority nui mai ka orchestra me ka ʻole o ka nalo ʻana o ka mālie o waho. Ua loaʻa kahi hui hou me Abendroth i ka makahiki kanalima. No nā poʻe he nui, ʻo ia ka ʻike mua, no ka mea, ua ulu a loli ka lehulehu. ʻAʻole kū mālie ke akamai o ka mea pena. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia kahi haku akamai i ke ola a me ka ʻike i mua o mākou. He mea kūlohelohe kēia: no nā makahiki he nui ua hana ʻo Abendrot me nā hui Kelemania maikaʻi loa, alakaʻi i ka opera a me nā ʻahamele ma Weimar, i ka manawa like ʻo ia ke alakaʻi nui o ka Berlin Radio Orchestra a huakaʻi i nā ʻāina he nui. Ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma ka USSR i ka makahiki 1951 a me 1954, ua hoʻopio hou ʻo Abendroth i ka lehulehu ma ka hōʻike ʻana i nā mea maikaʻi loa o kāna talena. "He hanana hauʻoli i ke ola mele o ko mākou kapikala," i kākau ai ʻo D. Shostakovich, "ʻo ia ka hana ʻana o nā symphonies ʻeiwa Beethoven, ʻo Coriolanus Overture a me ka ʻEkolu Piano Concerto ma lalo o ka pahu o ke alakaʻi alakaʻi Kelemania koʻikoʻi ʻo Hermann Abendroth ... G. Abendroth ua hoaponoia ka manaolana o Muscovites. Ua hōʻike ʻo ia iā ia iho he mea akamai i nā helu o Beethoven, he mea unuhi akamai i nā manaʻo o Beethoven. Ma ka wehewehe pono ʻole o G. Abendroth ma ke ʻano a me ka ʻike, ua kani nā symphonies a Beethoven me ka manaʻo hohonu hohonu, no laila i loko o nā hana āpau a Beethoven. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ke makemake lākou e hoʻolauleʻa i kahi alakaʻi, ʻōlelo lākou ua kani kāna hana o ka hana "ma ke ʻano hou". ʻO ka maikaʻi o Hermann Abendroth e waiho pololei ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i kāna hana ʻana i nā symphonies a Beethoven ʻaʻole i kani hou ʻia, akā ma ke ala o Beethoven. Ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano o ka mea pena ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi, ua hoʻokūpaʻa kāna hoa Soviet ʻo A. Gauk i "ka hui pū ʻana o ka hiki ke noʻonoʻo i nā ʻano nui me kahi kiʻi kikoʻī loa, pololei, filigree o nā kikoʻī o ka helu. ʻO ka makemake e ʻike i kēlā me kēia mea kani, kēlā me kēia ʻāpana, kēlā me kēia leo, e hoʻokūpaʻa i ka ʻoi o ke kiʻi."

ʻO kēia mau hiʻohiʻona a pau i lilo ai ʻo Abendroth i mea unuhi ʻōlelo kupaianaha o ka mele a Bach a me Mozart, Beethoven a me Bruckner; Ua 'ae 'o ia e komo i loko o ka hohonu o nā hana a Tchaikovsky, nā symphonies o Shostakovich a me Prokofiev, kahi i noho nui i loko o kāna repertoire.

Ua alakaʻi ʻo Abendrot a hiki i ka hopena o kona mau lā i kahi hana ʻaha mele ikaika.

Hāʻawi ke alakaʻi i kāna talena ma ke ʻano he mea pena kiʻi a me ke kumu i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi moʻomeheu hou o ka Repubalika Demokratika Kelemania. Ua hoʻohanohano ke aupuni o ka GDR iā ia me nā makana kiʻekiʻe a me ka National Prize (1949).

ʻO Grigoriev LG, Platek Ya. M., 1969