Moolelo o ka paipu
Contents
Dudkoy He mea maʻamau ke kāhea ʻana i ka hui holoʻokoʻa o nā mea kani makani. ʻO nā mea kani e hōʻike ana i kēia papa ke ʻano like me nā paipu ʻāwaha i hana ʻia me ka lāʻau, ka ʻōpala, a i ʻole nā ʻōpala o nā mea kanu ʻāwaha (e laʻa, motherwort a i ʻole angelica). Manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka paipu a me kāna mau ʻano i ka moʻolelo Lūkini, akā naʻe, aia ka nui o nā mea kani makani maʻamau i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, e like me ke ʻano a me ke kani iā lākou.
ʻO ka ʻohe – he mea kani makani o ka wā Paleolithic
ʻO nā paipu a me kā lākou mau ʻano ʻano no ka papa o nā ʻohe longitudinal, ʻo ke ʻano kahiko loa ʻo ia ka whistle. Penei kona ano: he paipu i hanaia me ka ohe, ka ohe a me ka iwi. I ka wā mua, hoʻohana wale ʻia ia no ke kīkī ʻana, akā ua ʻike ka poʻe inā ʻoki a ʻoki ʻoe i nā lua i loko, a laila pani a wehe i kekahi o lākou i ka wā e pāʻani ai, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā leo o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka makahiki o ka ʻohe kahiko loa i ʻike ʻia e nā kālaihonua ma kahi o 5000 makahiki BC. ʻO ka mea i hana ʻia he iwi o ka bea ʻōpio, a ua hana pono ʻia nā puka 4 ma ka ʻaoʻao me ke kōkua o ka niho holoholona. I ka wā lōʻihi, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā ʻohe mua. I ka wā mua, ua hoʻokala ʻia kekahi o nā ʻaoʻao ma luna o lākou, a ma hope mai ua ʻike ʻia kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe kūikawā a me ka piko e like me ka nuku manu. Ua maʻalahi kēia i ka unuhi ʻana i ke kani.
Ua laha nā paipu ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, e loaʻa i ko lākou mau ʻano ponoʻī i kēlā me kēia ʻāina. ʻO nā pili pili loa o nā paipu mai ka papa o nā ʻohe longitudinal: – ʻO Syringa, kahi mea kani makani Helene kahiko, i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka Iliad a Homer. — Qena, he ohe ohe 7-puka me ka puhi ole, i maa ma Amerika Latina. – Whistle (mai ka huaʻōlelo Pelekania whistle – whistle), hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mele ʻōiwi Irish a me Scottish a i hana ʻia mai ka lāʻau a i ʻole ka ipu. - Recorder (he ʻohe me kahi poloka liʻiliʻi ma ke poʻo o ka mea kani), i hoʻolaha nui ʻia ma ʻEulopa i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka millennium i hala.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā paipu ma waena o nā Slav
He aha ke ʻano o nā mea kani makani i kapa ʻia he paipu? ʻO ka paipu he paipu, hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka lōʻihi mai 10 a 90 cm, me 3-7 mau puka no ka pāʻani. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo ka mea no ka hana ʻana he lāʻau o ka willow, elderberry, cherry manu. Eia naʻe, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā mea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi (reed, reeds). ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano: hiki ke ʻano cylindrical ka paipu, hiki ke hōʻemi a hoʻonui paha i ka hopena, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka mea kani.
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano paipu kahiko loa he minamina. Hoʻohana nui ʻia e nā kahu hipa e kāhea i kā lākou pipi. Ua like ia me ka puʻu ʻohe pōkole (ʻo kona lōʻihi ma kahi o 10-15 cm) me ka bele ma ka hope. He mea maʻalahi ka pāʻani a ʻaʻole koi i nā mākau kūikawā a i ʻole ke aʻo ʻana. Ma ka ʻāina ʻo Tver, ua hoʻolaha nui ʻia nā ʻano zhaleika, i hana ʻia mai ka willow keychain, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kani.
Ma nā ʻāina ʻo Kursk a me Belgorod, makemake nā kahu hipa e hoʻokani i ka pyzhatka - kahi ʻohe lāʻau lōʻihi. Ua loaʻa kona inoa ma muli o ka lima ʻako like me ka nuku i hoʻokomo ʻia ma kekahi kihi o ka mea kani. ʻO ka leo o ka pyzhatka he mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, hoʻohenehene: hāʻawi ʻia e kahi kaula i hoʻomoʻi ʻia i ka wax a ʻeha a puni ka paipu.
ʻO kekahi o nā mea kani maʻamau ʻo kalyuk, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka "paipu lāʻau" a i ʻole "hoʻoikaika". ʻO nā mea hana no ka hana ʻana he mau mea kanu kākalaioa (no laila ka inoa ʻo "kalyuka"), akā ua hana pinepine ʻia nā puddle puddle pōkole mai ka pua puaʻa a i ʻole nā mea kanu me nā kumu ʻole. ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano paipu i luna, ʻelua wale nō puka pāʻani o ka hoʻoikaika ʻana - inlet a me waho, a ʻokoʻa ka pitch o ke kani ma muli o ke kihi a me ka ikaika o ke kahawai ea i hāʻawi ʻia, a me ka wehe a pani ʻana paha o ka puka ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka mea kani. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Kalyuka he mea kani kāne wale nō.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā paipu i kēia manawa
ʻOiaʻiʻo, i kēia manawa ʻaʻole nui ka kaulana o nā mea kani Lūkini maʻamau e like me, no ka laʻana, i kekahi mau kenekulia i hala. Ua pani ʻia lākou e nā mea kani makani ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a ʻoi aku ka ikaika - nā ʻohe transverse, oboes a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia manawa ke hoʻohana mau ʻia nei lākou i ka hana ʻana i nā mele mele ma ke ʻano he hoʻokani pila.
