Gina Bachauer |

Gina Bachauer

I ka hapa mua o ke kenekulia 20, ʻaʻole i maʻamau ka hiʻohiʻona o nā wahine pianists e like me kēia manawa, i ka wā o ka "hoʻokuʻu ʻana" o nā wahine i nā hoʻokūkū honua. Akā, ua lilo ko lākou ʻae ʻana i ke ola ʻaha mele i mea ʻike nui ʻia. Ma waena o ka poʻe i koho ʻia ʻo Gina Bachauer, nona nā mākua, he poʻe malihini mai Austria, i noho ma Helene. No nā makahiki he 40, ua mālama ʻo ia i kahi hanohano i waena o nā mea hele ʻaha mele. ʻO kona ala i luna, ʻaʻole ia i kāhuʻi ʻia me nā rosa - ʻekolu mau manawa i hoʻomaka hou ai.

ʻO ka manaʻo mele mua o kahi kaikamahine ʻelima makahiki he piano pāʻani i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia e kona makuahine no ka Kalikimaka. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hoʻololi ʻia e kahi piano maoli, a i ka makahiki 8 ua hāʻawi ʻo ia i kāna ʻaha mele mua ma kona ʻāina hānau - ʻo Athens. ʻElua mau makahiki ma hope mai, hoʻokani ka mea piano ʻōpio iā Arthur Rubinstein, nāna i aʻo iā ia e aʻo koʻikoʻi i nā mele. Ma hope o nā makahiki o nā haʻawina - mua ma ka Conservatory Athens, a ua puka ʻo ia me ka mekala gula ma ka papa o V. Fridman, a laila ma ka Ecole Normal ma Paris me A. Cortot.

ʻAʻole i loaʻa ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai i kāna hana mua ma Paris, ua koi ʻia ka piano e hoʻi i ka home, ʻoiai ua lilo kona makuakāne i ka panakalupa. I mea e kākoʻo ai i kona ʻohana, pono ʻo ia e hoʻopoina i kāna ʻoihana noʻeau a hoʻomaka i ke aʻo ʻana i ka piano ma ka Conservatory ʻo Athens. Ua mālama ʻo Gina i kona ʻano piano me ka hilinaʻi ʻole e hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi hou i nā ʻahamele. Akā i ka makahiki 1933 ua hoʻāʻo ʻo ia i kāna laki ma ka hoʻokūkū piano ma Vienna a lanakila i ka mekala hanohano. I nā makahiki ʻelua e hiki mai ana, ua loaʻa iā ia ka pōmaikaʻi e kamaʻilio me Sergei Rachmaninov a hoʻohana pono i kāna ʻōlelo aʻo ma Palisa a me Switzerland. A i ka makahiki 1935, hoʻokani ʻo Bachauer no ka manawa mua ma ke ʻano he pianist ʻoihana ma Athens me kahi orkestra i alakaʻi ʻia e D. Mitropoulos. ʻO ke kapikala o Helene i kēlā manawa i manaʻo ʻia he panalāʻau ma ke ʻano o ke ola moʻomeheu, akā ua hoʻomaka ka lono e pili ana i kahi mea hoʻokani piano akamai. I ka makahiki 1937, hana ʻo ia ma Paris me Pierre Monte, a laila hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā ʻaha mele ma nā kūlanakauhale o Farani a me Italia, loaʻa iā ia kahi kono e hoʻokani i nā kikowaena moʻomeheu he nui o ka Middle East.

ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke Kaua Honua a me ka noho ʻana o Helene e ka poʻe Nazi i koi i ka mea pena e holo i ʻAigupita. I loko o nā makahiki kaua, ʻaʻole wale ʻo Bachauer e hoʻopau i kāna hana, akā, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻāla iā ia ma nā ʻano āpau; ua hāʻawi ʻo ia ma mua o 600 mau ʻahamele no nā koa a me nā luna o nā pūʻali koa hui i kaua kūʻē i nā Nazis ma ʻApelika. Akā, ma hope wale nō o ka lanakila 'ana o ka fascism, ua ho'omaka ka pianist i kāna 'oihana no ke kolu o ka manawa. I ka pau ʻana o nā makahiki he 40, nui ka poʻe hoʻolohe ʻEulopa i hālāwai me ia, a i ka makahiki 1950 ua hoʻokani ʻo ia ma ʻAmelika a, e like me ka mea hoʻokani piano kaulana ʻo A. Chesins, "hoʻopiʻi maoli ʻo ia i ka poʻe hoʻohewa o New York." Mai ia manawa, noho ʻo Bachauer i ʻAmelika, kahi i hauʻoli nui ai ʻo ia: mālama ka hale o ka mea pena i nā kī hōʻailona i nā kūlanakauhale he nui o ʻAmelika, i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia e nā mea hoʻolohe mahalo. Ua kipa mau ʻo ia i Helene, kahi i mahalo ʻia ai ʻo ia ka pianist nui loa i ka moʻolelo o ka ʻāina, i hoʻokani ʻia ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Latin; E hoʻomanaʻo ka poʻe hoʻolohe Scandinavian i kāna mau ʻaha mele me ka alakaʻi Soviet Konstantin Ivanov.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maikaʻi o Gina Bachauer ma ke kumu kānalua ʻole, ka hou a me ka paradoxical e like me ke kani ʻana, kahiko o kāna pāʻani. "ʻAʻole kūpono ʻo ia i kekahi kula," i kākau ai kahi connoisseur o ka hana piano e like me Harold Schonberg. “Ma ke ʻano like ʻole me nā mea hoʻokani piano hou, ua ulu ʻo ia i loko o kahi aloha maʻemaʻe, kahi virtuoso kānalua ʻole; e like me Horowitz, he atavism ʻo ia. Akā i ka manawa like, ʻokoʻa ka nui o kāna repertoire, a hoʻokani ʻo ia i nā mea haku mele, ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia he romantics. Ua ʻōlelo pū kekahi poʻe hoʻohewa Kelemania ʻo Bachauer he "pianist i ke ʻano nui o ka moʻomeheu virtuoso o ke kenekulia XNUMX."

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ke hoʻolohe ʻoe i nā hoʻopaʻa leo a ka mea hoʻokani piano, i kekahi manawa me he mea lā ua "hānau ʻia ʻo ia". Me he mea lā ua hala aku nā mea i ʻike ʻia, nā au a pau o ke ao nei i ka piano piano, ʻoi aku ka laulā, ua hala aku nā hana hoʻokani iā ​​​​ia. Akā, ʻike ʻoe aia nō kēia i kona nani ponoʻī a me kona ʻano kumu ponoʻī, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā i hana ai ka mea pena i nā concerto monumental o Beethoven a i ʻole Brahms ma ke ʻano nui. No ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻole ʻia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka maʻalahi, ka manaʻo intuitive o ke ʻano a me ke ʻano, a ma ka manawa like ʻole ka ikaika a me ka unahi "wahine". ʻAʻohe mea kupanaha i kākau ʻo Howard Taubman ma The New York Times, e nānā ana i kekahi o nā concerto a Bachauer: “No ka kākau ʻana o ka hana, ʻaʻole mai kēlā mau manaʻo i hoʻopuka ʻia mai waho mai. Loaʻa iā ia ka mana nui, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i ka piha pono o ke kani, hiki iā ia ke pāʻani me ka maʻalahi loa a, ʻoiai i ka hopena ikaika loa, e mālama i kahi kaula pili pono.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano maikaʻi o ka mea hoʻokani piano i loko o kahi repertoire ākea loa. Ua pāʻani ʻo ia i nā hana he nui - mai Bach, Haydn, Mozart a hiki i ko mākou mau hoa, me ka ʻole, ma kāna ʻōlelo ponoʻī, kekahi mau predilections. Akā ʻike ʻia ʻo kāna repertoire i hoʻokomo i nā hana he nui i hana ʻia i ke kenekulia XNUMX, mai Rachmaninov's Third Concerto, i manaʻo pono ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā "lio" a ka piano, i nā ʻāpana piano e Shostakovich. ʻO Bachauer ka mea hoʻokani concerto mua a Arthur Bliss lāua ʻo Mikis Theodorakis, a he nui nā hana a nā haku mele ʻōpio. ʻO kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo wale nō e ʻōlelo i kona hiki ke ʻike, aloha a hoʻolaha i nā mele hou.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.