Krystian Zimerman |

Krystian Zimerman

ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka piʻi ʻana o ke kiʻi kiʻi o ka mea pena Polani he mea kupaianaha wale nō: i kekahi mau lā o ka IX Chopin Competition ma Warsaw, ua hele kahi haumāna 18 makahiki o ka Katowice Academy of Music mai ka pōuliuli o kahi mea maʻamau. mea hoʻokani pila i ka hanohano o kahi ʻōpio lanakila o kekahi o nā hoʻokūkū nui loa o ko mākou manawa. Hoʻohui mākou ʻaʻole i lilo ʻo ia i mea lanakila ʻōpio loa i ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻokūkū, akā ua lanakila pū kekahi i nā makana hou aʻe - no ka hana mazurkas, polonaises, sonatas. A ʻo ka mea nui loa, ua lilo ʻo ia i kiʻi ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka lehulehu a he punahele hoʻi i ka poʻe hoʻohewa, i kēia manawa i hōʻike i ka lokahi ʻole me ka hoʻoholo a ke kiure. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o ka hoihoi nui a me ka hauʻoli i ka pāʻani o ka mea lanakila - hoʻomanaʻo paha kekahi i ka lanakila o Van Cliburn ma Moscow. "He mea kānalua ʻole kēia o nā pilikua e hiki mai ana o ka pianoforte - kahi mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia i kēia lā ma nā hoʻokūkū a ma waho o lākou," i kākau ai ka ʻōlelo Pelekane ʻo B. Morrison, ka mea i hele ma ka hoʻokūkū ...

• Piano mele ma ka hale kūʻai pūnaewele OZON.ru

I kēia manawa, inā e haʻalele mākou i ka lewa maʻamau o ka hauʻoli hoʻokūkū i lanakila ma Warsaw i kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia kēia mau mea āpau. A ʻo ka hōʻike mua ʻana o ka lokomaikaʻi o ke keikikāne, i hānau ʻia i loko o kahi ʻohana mele (ʻo kona makuakāne, he pianist kaulana ma Katowice, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e aʻo i kāna keiki e hoʻokani piano mai ka makahiki ʻelima), a me kāna wikiwiki. nā lanakila ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka mea aʻoaʻo a mau loa ʻo Andrzej Jasiński mai ka makahiki ʻehiku, he mea pena akamai, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma 1960 ma ke ʻano he lanakila o ka hoʻokūkū i kapa ʻia ma hope o M. Canalier ma Barcelona, ​​​​akā haʻalele koke i kahi ʻoihana ʻaha mele ākea. I ka hopena, i ka manawa o ka hoʻokūkū Warsaw, ua loaʻa iā Christian ka ʻike nui (hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻokani i ka makahiki ʻewalu a laila pāʻani ma ke kīwī no ka manawa mua), ʻaʻole ʻo ia he mea hou i ka lewa hoʻokūkū: ʻelua makahiki ma mua. ʻo ia, ua loaʻa iā ia ka makana mua ma ka hoʻokūkū ma Hradec-Králové (ka mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka hapa nui o ka poʻe hoʻolohe, no ka mea he haʻahaʻa loa ka mana o kēia hoʻokūkū). No laila, me he mea lā ua maopopo loa nā mea a pau. A me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i kēia mau mea a pau, he nui ka poʻe kānalua ma hope koke o ka hoʻokūkū ʻana i ko lākou leo, hoʻomaka i ka leo nui, ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka paʻi, e hōʻike i nā kānalua e pili ana i ka hiki i ka ʻōpio lanakila ke hoʻomau i ka papa inoa kupanaha o kona mau mua, ka mea me ka ʻole o ka ʻokoʻa. lilo i mau mea pena kaulana i ka honua. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, pono ʻo ia e aʻo a aʻo hou ...

Eia naʻe ka mea kupanaha loa. ʻO nā ʻaha mele mua loa ma hope o ka hoʻokūkū a me nā moʻolelo a Tsimerman i hōʻoia koke ʻaʻole ʻo ia he mea hoʻokani mele ʻōpio akamai, akā i ka makahiki 18 ua lilo ʻo ia i mea hana kiʻi oʻo. ʻAʻole naʻe ʻaʻohe ona nāwaliwali a ʻaʻole hoʻi ua hoʻomaopopo mua ʻo ia i ke akamai a pau o kāna hana a me kāna ʻoihana; aka, ua maopopo loa iaia i kana mau hana - ka mea mua a me ka "mamao", me ka hilinai nui a me ka manao i hooponopono ia mau hana, a ua hikiwawe loa iaia ke hoomumu i ka poe kanalua. Me ka hoʻomau a me ka luhi ʻole, ua hoʻopiha ʻo ia i ka repertoire me nā hana maʻamau a me nā hana a nā mea haku mele o ke kenekulia XNUMX, e hōʻole koke ana i ka hopohopo e noho ʻo ia he "Chopin specialist" ...

Ma lalo o ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua hopu maoli ʻo Zimerman i ka poʻe hoʻolohe ma ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika, a me Iapana. ʻO kēlā me kēia o kāna mau ʻahamele ma ka home a ma waho e lilo i hanana, e hoʻoulu ai i ka hopena ikaika mai ka lehulehu. A ʻo kēia pane ʻaʻole ia he leo o ka lanakila o Warsaw, akā, ma ka mea ʻē aʻe, nā hōʻike o ka lanakila ʻana i ka wariness e pili pū ana me nā manaʻolana kiʻekiʻe. Aia kēlā hopohopo. Eia kekahi laʻana, ma hope o kāna hoʻomaka ʻana ma Lākana (1977), ua ʻōlelo ʻo D. Methuen-Campbell: "ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki iā ia ke lilo i hoʻokahi o nā mea hoʻokani piano nui loa o kēia kenekulia - ʻaʻohe mea kānalua no kēlā; akā pehea e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻokō i kēlā pahuhopu - e ʻike mākou; ʻO ka manaʻo wale nō e loaʻa iā ia kahi maʻi maikaʻi o ka noʻonoʻo maʻamau a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo akamai ... "

ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ka hōʻoia ʻana o Zimerman iā ia iho. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Jacques Longchamp, ka mea hoʻopaʻapaʻa Farani kaulana i ka nūpepa Le Monde: “Ua kali ka poʻe hoʻokani piano me nā maka wela i kahi manaʻo, a ua loaʻa iā lākou. ʻAʻole hiki ke pāʻani iā ​​Chopin i ʻoi aku ka ʻenehana a ʻoi aku ka nani ma mua o kēia ʻōpio ʻōpio nani me nā maka uliuli. ʻAʻole hiki ke kuhi ʻia kona akamai pianistic - ke ʻano maʻalahi o ke kani, ke ʻano o ka polyphony, ka haki ʻana i nā kikoʻī kikoʻī āpau, a ʻo ka hope, ka nani, ka ʻeha, ka hanohano o ka hoʻokani mele - he mea kupanaha kēia mau mea no kahi makahiki 22. -old guy… Ua kākau ka nūpepa e pili ana i ka mea pena ma nā leo like ʻo Germany, USA, ʻEnelani, Iapana. ʻO nā makasina mele koʻikoʻi e hoʻomaka ana i nā loiloi o kāna mau ʻaha mele me nā poʻomanaʻo i hoʻoholo mua i ka hopena o nā mea kākau: "Ma mua o kahi pianist", "Pianistic genius of the century", "Phenomenal Zimerman", "Chopin as a form of being". ʻAʻole wale ʻo ia e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā haku kaulana o ka waena waena e like me Pollini, Argerich, Olsson, akā manaʻo lākou he hiki ke hoʻohālikelike me nā pilikua - Rubinstein, Horowitz, Hoffmann.

ʻAʻole pono e ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻoi aku ka kaulana o Zimerman ma kona ʻāina hānau ma mua o nā mea pena kiʻi Polani ʻē aʻe. He hihia kūikawā: i ka hāʻule ʻana o 1978 i puka ʻo ia mai ka Academy of Music ma Katowice, ua mālama ʻia nā ʻaha mele ma ka hale nui o Śląska Philharmonic. No nā ahiahi ʻekolu, ua hoʻopiha piha ʻia i ka poʻe mele mele, a ua nui nā nūpepa a me nā nūpepa i hoʻopuka i nā loiloi o kēia mau ʻahamele. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hana nui hou a ka mea pena kiʻi i ka pane ma ka nūpepa, ʻo kēlā me kēia o kāna mau hoʻopaʻa leo hou e kūkākūkā ʻia e nā loea.

ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻaʻole i huli kēia lewa o ka hoʻomana honua a me ka kūleʻa i ke poʻo o ka mea pena. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, inā i loko o nā makahiki ʻelua a ʻekolu paha ma hope o ka hoʻokūkū me he mea lā ua komo ʻo ia i loko o ka puahiohio o ke ola ʻaha mele, a laila ua kaupalena ʻo ia i ka helu o kāna mau hana, hoʻomau i ka hana hohonu e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona mau akamai, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoaaloha. kokua o A. Yasinsky.

ʻAʻole i kaupalena ʻia ʻo Tsimerman i ke mele, me ka ʻike ʻana he pono ke kiʻi kiʻi ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka manaʻo ākea, ka hiki ke nānā i ka honua a puni iā ​​​​ia, a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke kiʻi. Eia kekahi, ua aʻo ʻo ia i nā ʻōlelo he nui a, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻōlelo a heluhelu maʻalahi i ka Lūkini a me ka ʻōlelo Pelekania. Ma kahi hua'ōlelo, ke hoʻomau nei ke kaʻina hana o ke ʻano pilikino, a i ka manawa like, ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kāna hana, hoʻonui ʻia me nā hiʻohiʻona hou. ʻOi aku ka hohonu, ʻoi aku ka manaʻo o ka wehewehe ʻana, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka ʻenehana. He mea hoʻohālikelike i kēia manawa ua hōʻino ʻia ke "kanaka ʻōpio" Zimerman no ka nui o ka naʻauao, ka maloʻo analytical o kekahi mau wehewehe; i kēia lā, ua ikaika a hohonu kona mau manaʻo, e like me ka hōʻike ʻole ʻia e ka wehewehe ʻana o nā concerto a me 14 waltzes na Chopin, sonatas e Mozart, Brahms a me Beethoven, Liszt's Second Concerto, Rachmaninov's First and Third Concertos, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā leo o nā makahiki i hala. . Akā, ma hope o kēia oʻo ʻana, ʻaʻole i hele i loko o ka malu nā pono mua o Zimerman, ka mea i lawe mai iā ia i ke kaulana nui: ʻo ke ʻano hou o ka hana mele, ka ʻike kikoʻī o ke kākau leo, ke koena o nā kikoʻī a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano, ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka loiloi a me ka pololei o nā manaʻo. A ʻoiai i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole ʻo ia e pale i ka bravura exaggerated, ʻoiai inā ʻoi aku ka ʻino o kona wikiwiki i kekahi manawa, ʻike ʻia i nā mea āpau ʻaʻole kēia he hewa, ʻaʻole ia he hoʻomākeʻaka, akā e kahe wale ana ka mana hana.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i nā hopena o nā makahiki mua o ka hana noʻeau kūʻokoʻa a ka mea pena, ua kākau ʻo Jan Weber ka mea hoʻokani mele Polani: “Ke hahai nei au i ka ʻoihana a Christian Zimerman me ka nānā nui, a ʻoi aku koʻu mahalo i ke ʻano o kā mākou mea hoʻokani piano. ʻEhia mau manaʻolana o ka poʻe lanakila o nā makana mua, i loaʻa i nā hoʻokūkū helu ʻole, ua wela i ka manawa koke no ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i kā lākou talena, ʻo kona hoʻohana ʻana me ka manaʻo ʻole, me he mea lā i loko o kahi kau hypnotic o ka hauʻoli! ʻO ka manaʻolana o ka kūleʻa nui i kākoʻo ʻia e ka laki nui, ʻo ia ka lure a kēlā me kēia impresario slick i hoʻohana ai, a nāna i hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio ʻōpio. He ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia, ʻoiai ua ʻike ka mōʻaukala i nā hiʻohiʻona o ia mau ʻoihana i hoʻomohala ʻia me ka ʻole o ka pōʻino i nā mea pena kiʻi (e like me ka ʻoihana ʻo Paderewski). Akā ʻo ka mōʻaukala ponoʻī e hāʻawi i kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe mai nā makahiki kokoke iā mākou - ʻo Van Cliburn, ka mea i hauʻoli i ka nani o ka mea lanakila o ka hoʻokūkū mua ʻo Tchaikovsky i ka makahiki 1958, a he 12 mau makahiki ma hope o nā mea ʻino wale nō i koe. ʻElima mau makahiki o ka hana pop ʻo Tsimerman i kumu e ʻōlelo ai ʻaʻole ʻo ia i manaʻo e hele i kēia ala. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻoia ʻaʻole ia e hiki i kahi hopena, no ka mea, hana ʻo ia i kahi liʻiliʻi a ma kahi wale nō āna e makemake ai, akā piʻi ʻo ia e like me ka hiki.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990