Vladimir Vladimirovich Sofronitsky |

ʻO Vladimir Sofronitsky

ʻO Vladimir Vladimirovich Sofronitsky kahi kiʻi kūikawā ma konaʻano pono'ī. Inā, e'ōlelo, ua maʻalahi ka mea hoʻokani "X" e hoʻohālikelike me ka mea hoʻokani "Y", eʻike i kahi mea kokoke, pili, e lawe mai iā lākou i kahi helu maʻamau, a laila aneane hikiʻole ke hoʻohālikelike iā Sofronitsky me kekahi o kona mau hoa. Ma ke ʻano he mea pena, ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano like ʻole a hiki ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻike maʻalahi nā mea hoʻohālikelike e hoʻopili ai i kāna hana kiʻi me ka honua o ka poetry, palapala, a me ka pena. ʻOiai i ka wā o ke ola ʻana o ka mea hoʻokani piano, ua pili kāna unuhi ʻana i nā mele a Blok, nā canvases a Vrubel, nā puke a Dostoevsky a me Green. He mea kupanaha ua hana ʻia kekahi mea like i kekahi manawa me ka mele a Debussy. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke ʻike i nā mea hoʻohālikelike kūpono i nā pōʻai o kona mau hoa haku mele; i ka manawa like, ʻike maʻalahi ka hoʻohewa ʻana o ka mea hoʻokani mele o kēia wā i kēia mau mea hoʻohālikelike i waena o nā poets (Baudelaire, Verlaine, Mallarmé), nā mea pāʻani (Maeterlinck), nā mea pena (Monet, Denis, Sisley a me nā mea ʻē aʻe).

• Piano mele ma ka hale kūʻai pūnaewele Ozon →

ʻO ke kū kaʻawale ʻana i ka hana noʻeau mai nā kaikunāne i loko o ka hale hana hoʻomohala, ma kahi mamao mai ka poʻe i like ke alo, ʻo ia ka pōmaikaʻi o nā mea pena kiʻi maikaʻi loa. ʻAʻole kānalua ʻo Sofronitsky no ia mau mea pena.

ʻAʻole waiwai kāna moʻolelo i nā hanana kupaianaha o waho; ʻaʻohe mea kupanaha i loko o ia mea, ʻaʻohe ulia i hoʻololi koke a hoʻololi koke i ka hopena. Ke nānā ʻoe i ka chronograph o kona ola, hoʻokahi mea e hopu ai i kou maka: nā ʻahamele, nā ʻahamele, nā ʻahamele ... Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma St. Petersburg, i loko o kahi ʻohana naʻauao. He physicist kona makuakane; i loko o ka moʻopuna hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā inoa o nā ʻepekema, poets, artists, musicians. Aneane nā moʻolelo āpau o Sofronitsky i ʻōlelo ʻo kona kupunakane kupuna kāne he mea pena kiʻi kiʻi maikaʻi loa o ka hopena o XNUMXth - mua o ke kenekulia XNUMXth ʻo Vladimir Lukich Borovikovsky.

Mai ka makahiki 5, ua huki ʻia ke keiki i ke ao o nā kani, i ka piano. E like me nā kamaliʻi maikaʻi maoli, makemake ʻo ia i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana ma ka papa keyboard, hoʻokani i kāna mea ponoʻī, ʻohi i nā mele i lohe ʻia. Ua hōʻike mua ʻo ia i ka pepeiao ʻoi, kahi hoʻomanaʻo mele ikaika. ʻAʻohe kānalua o nā ʻohana he pono ke aʻo koʻikoʻi a me ka hikiwawe loa.

Mai ka makahiki ʻeono, hoʻomaka ʻo Vova Sofronitsky (ke noho nei kona ʻohana ma Warsaw i kēlā manawa) e lawe i nā haʻawina piano mai Anna Vasilievna Lebedeva-Getsevich. ʻO kahi haumāna o NG Rubinshtein, ʻo Lebedeva-Getsevich, e like me kā lākou e ʻōlelo nei, he mea hoʻokani pila koʻikoʻi a ʻike. Ma kāna mau haʻawina, ua noho aliʻi ke ana a me ka hoʻonohonoho hao; ua kūlike nā mea a pau me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hou loa; ua hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia nā haʻawina a me nā ʻōlelo aʻo i loko o nā puke moʻolelo o nā haumāna, ua mālama pono ʻia kā lākou hoʻokō. "ʻAʻole i pakele ka hana a kēlā me kēia manamana lima, kēlā me kēia ʻiʻo i kona nānā ʻana, a ua ʻimi mau ʻo ia e hoʻopau i nā hana ʻino ʻino" (Sofronitsky VN Mai nā memoir // Memories of Sofronitsky. – M., 1970. P. 217)- kākau i loko o kāna mau memo iā Vladimir Nikolayevich Sofronitsky, ka makua kāne o ka piano. ʻIke ʻia, ʻo nā haʻawina me Lebedeva-Getsevich i lawelawe i kāna keiki ma kahi kūpono. Ua neʻe koke ke keikikāne i kāna mau haʻawina, ua pili i kāna kumu, a ma hope ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ia iā ia ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa me ka ʻōlelo mahalo.

… Ua hala ka manawa. Ma ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a Glazunov, i ka hāʻule o 1910, ua hele ʻo Sofronitsky ma lalo o ka mākaʻikaʻi o kahi loea Warsaw koʻikoʻi, ke kaukaʻi ma ka Conservatory Alexander Konstantinovich Mikhalovsky. I kēia manawa, ua lilo ʻo ia i makemake nui i ke ola mele e puni ana iā ia. Hele ʻo ia i nā ahiahi piano, lohe iā Rachmaninov, ʻōpio Igumnov, a me ka mea hoʻokani piano kaulana ʻo Vsevolod Buyukli, e huakaʻi ana i ke kūlanakauhale. He mea hoʻokani maikaʻi loa ʻo ia i nā hana a Scriabin, ua ikaika ʻo Buyukli i ka ʻōpio ʻo Sofronitsky - i kona wā i loko o ka hale o kona mau mākua, noho pinepine ʻo ia i ka piano, me ka makemake a hoʻokani nui.

ʻO kekahi mau makahiki i hala me Mikhalovsky ka hopena maikaʻi loa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o Safronitsky ma ke ʻano he mea pena. ʻO Michalovsky ponoʻī he pianist koʻikoʻi; he mea mahalo nui iā Chopin, ua ʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ma ke kahua Warsaw me kāna mau pāʻani. ʻAʻole aʻo ʻo Sofronitsky me kahi mea hoʻokani mele akamai, he kumu kūpono, ua aʻo ʻia ʻo ia mea hoʻokani ʻahamele, he kanaka i ike pono i ke kahua a me kona mau kanawai. ʻO ia ka mea nui a koʻikoʻi. Ua lawe mai ʻo Lebedeva-Getsevich iā ia i nā pōmaikaʻi kānalua ʻole i kona manawa: e like me kā lākou e ʻōlelo nei, "hoʻokomo ʻo ia i kona lima i loko", hoʻokumu i nā kumu o ka maikaʻi ʻoihana. Ma kahi kokoke i Mikhalovsky, ua ʻike mua ʻo Sofronitsky i ka ʻala hoʻohiwahiwa o ke kahua ʻaha mele, loaʻa i kāna ʻano hiʻona, āna i aloha mau ai.

I ka makahiki 1914, ua hoʻi ka ʻohana Sofronitsky i St. Petersburg. Ua komo ka mea hoʻokani piano 13 makahiki i ka conservatory i ka haku kaulana o ka piano aʻoaʻo Leonid Vladimirovich Nikolaev. (Ma waho aʻe o Sofronitsky, ʻo kāna mau haumāna i nā manawa like ʻole me M. Yudina, D. Shostakovich, P. Serebryakov, N. Perelman, V. Razumovskaya, S. Savshinsky a me nā mea mele kaulana ʻē aʻe.) Laki mau ʻo Sofronitsky i nā kumu. Me nā ʻokoʻa a pau o nā ʻano a me nā ʻano (ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Nikolaev, kaulike, noʻonoʻo mau, a makemake nui ʻo Vova a hoʻohui ʻia), ʻo ka launa pū ʻana me ka polopeka i hoʻonui i kāna haumāna ma nā ʻano he nui.

He meaʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo iā Nikolaev,ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o kona aloha, ua makemake kokeʻo ia i ka'ōpio Sofronitsky. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ua huli pinepine ʻo ia i nā hoaaloha a me nā hoa: "Haʻi mai e hoʻolohe i kahi keikikāne maikaʻi ... Me he mea lā iaʻu he talena maikaʻi loa kēia, a ke pāʻani maikaʻi nei ʻo ia." (Leningrad Conservatory in Memoirs. – L., 1962. S. 273.).

Mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa, komo ʻo Sofronitsky i nā ʻahamele haumāna a me nā hanana aloha. ʻIke lākou iā ia, ʻoi aku ka ikaika a me ka leo nui e pili ana i kāna kālena maikaʻi a maikaʻi. ʻAʻole wale ʻo Nikolaev wale nō, akā ʻo ka ʻike mamao loa o nā mea hoʻokani pila o Petrograd - a ma hope o lākou kekahi o nā loiloi - wānana i kahi wā e hiki mai ana i ka hanohano.

… Ua pau ka conservatory (1921), ua hoʻomaka ke ola o kahi mea hoʻokani mele ʻoihana. Hiki ke ʻike pinepine ʻia ka inoa ʻo Sofronitsky ma nā pou o kona kūlanakauhale hānau; ʻo ka poʻe maʻamau a koi nui ʻo Moscow e ʻike iā ia a hāʻawi iā ia i kahi hoʻokipa maikaʻi; lohe ia ma Odessa, Saratov, Tiflis, Baku, Tashkent. Me ka liʻiliʻi, aʻo lākou e pili ana iā ia ma nā wahi āpau o ka USSR, kahi e mahalo ʻia ai nā mele koʻikoʻi; ua hoʻohui ʻia ʻo ia me nā mea hoʻokani kaulana loa o ia manawa.

(He pāʻani hoihoi: ʻAʻole i komo ʻo Sofronitsky i nā hoʻokūkū mele a, ma kāna ʻae ʻana, ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia iā lākou. Ua lanakila ʻo ia i ka hanohano ʻaʻole i nā hoʻokūkū, ʻaʻole i ka hakakā hoʻokahi ma kahi a me kekahi; pāʻani o ka manawa, ka mea, e hiki mai ana e hookiekieia kekahi i kekahi mau kapuai, i ka kekahi undeservedly relegated i ka malu. Ua hele mai oia i ke kahua i kona hele ana ma mua, i ka manawa mua o ka hoʻokûkû - ma ka hana, a wale no lakou. , e hōʻike ana i kona kuleana i ka hana ʻahamele.)

I ka makahiki 1928, hele ʻo Sofronitsky i nā ʻāina ʻē. Me ka holomua o kāna mau huakaʻi ma Warsaw, Paris. Ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki a me ka hapa kona noho ʻana ma ke kapikala o Farani. E hui me nā haku mele, nā mea pena, nā mea hoʻokani pila, e kamaʻāina me ke ʻano o Arthur Rubinstein, Gieseking, Horowitz, Paderewski, Landowska; ʻimi ʻo ia i ka ʻōlelo aʻo mai kahi haku akamai a akamai i ka piano, ʻo Nikolai Karlovich Medtner. ʻO Paris me kāna moʻomeheu kahiko, nā hale hōʻikeʻike, nā vernissages, ka waihona waiwai nui o ka hoʻolālā e hāʻawi i ka ʻōpio kiʻi i nā manaʻo ʻoi aku ka nui, e ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aʻe o kāna ʻike kiʻi o ka honua.

Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana me Farani, hoʻi ʻo Sofronitsky i kona ʻāina hānau. A hele hou, kaʻapuni, nui a ʻike liʻiliʻi i nā hiʻohiʻona philharmonic. Hoʻomaka koke ʻo ia e aʻo (ua kono ʻia ʻo ia e ka Leningrad Conservatory). ʻAʻole i manaʻo ʻia ʻo Pedagogy e lilo i kāna makemake, ʻoihana, hana ola - e like me, no Igumnov, Goldenweiser, Neuhaus a i kāna kumu ʻo Nikolaev. Akā naʻe, ma muli o ka makemake o nā kūlana, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ia iā ia a hiki i ka hopena o kona mau lā, ua kaumaha ʻo ia i ka manawa, ikaika a me ka ikaika.

A laila hiki mai ka hāʻule a me ka hoʻoilo o 1941, kahi manawa o nā hoʻokolohua paʻakikī loa no ka poʻe o Leningrad a me Sofronitsky, ka mea i noho ma ke kūlanakauhale i hoʻopilikia ʻia. I kekahi manawa, i ka lā 12 o Kekemapa, i nā lā pōʻino loa o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ua hana ʻia kāna ʻahamele - he mea maʻamau, ua komo mau i loko o ka hoʻomanaʻo iā ia a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. Ua pāʻani ʻo ia ma ka Pushkin Theatre (ʻo Alexandrinsky ma mua) no ka poʻe i pale i kona Leningrad. "ʻEkolu degere ma lalo o ka zero ma ke keʻena Alexandrinka," wahi a Sofronitsky ma hope. "ʻO ka poʻe hoʻolohe, ka poʻe pale o ke kūlanakauhale, e noho ana i nā lole hulu. Ua pāʻani au i nā mīkina lima me nā manamana lima i ʻoki ʻia… Akā pehea ko lākou hoʻolohe ʻana mai iaʻu, pehea kaʻu pāʻani ʻana! Nani ka waiwai o kēia mau hoʻomanaʻo… Ua manaʻo wau ua hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe hoʻolohe iaʻu, ua loaʻa iaʻu ke ala i ko lākou puʻuwai…” (Adzhemov KX Poina ʻole. – M., 1972. S. 119.).

Hoʻohana ʻo Sofronitsky i nā makahiki ʻelua i hala o kona ola ma Moscow. I kēia manawa, maʻi pinepine ʻo ia, i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole ia e ʻike i ka lehulehu no nā mahina. ʻOi aku ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana i kāna mau ʻahamele; lilo kēlā me kēia o lākou i hanana noʻeau. He ʻōlelo paha E Ala E ʻaʻole ka mea maikaʻi loa i ka wā e hiki mai ai i nā hana hope a Sofronitsky.

Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau hana i ka manawa hoʻokahi: "hypnosis musical", "poetic nirvana", "spiritual liturgy". ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i hana wale ʻo Sofronitsky (maikaʻi, hana maikaʻi) i kēia a i kēlā papahana i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pepa ʻaha mele. Iā ia e hoʻokani pila ana, me he mea lā e haʻi aku ana ʻo ia i nā kānaka; Ua haʻi ʻo ia me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo loa, ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a, ʻo ka mea nui loa, ka hoʻolaʻa manaʻo. No kekahi o nā mele a Schubert - Liszt, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia: "Makemake au e uē ke pāʻani au i kēia mea." Ma kekahi manawa ʻē aʻe, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ke anaina me ka wehewehe maoli ʻana o ka sonata B-flat minor a Chopin, ua ʻae ʻo ia, ua hele ʻo ia i loko o ka lumi noʻeau: "Inā hopohopo ʻoe pēlā, a laila ʻaʻole wau e pāʻani ia mea ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli manawa. .” Hoihoi maoli i ke mele e hoʻokani ʻia nei so, e like me kona ike ma ka piano, ua haawiia i kekahi poe. Ua ʻike a hoʻomaopopo ka lehulehu i kēia; maanei e waiho i ka clue i ka unusually ikaika, "magnetic", e like me ka nui i hōʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka hopena o ka mea pena kiʻi ma luna o ke anaina. Mai kona mau ahiahi mai, ua haʻalele lākou me ka leo ʻole, i ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui ʻana iā lākou iho, me he mea lā e pili ana i kahi huna. (Heinrich Gustovovich Neuhaus, ka mea i ʻike maikaʻi iā Sofronitsky, ʻōlelo ʻo ia "ʻo ka peʻa o kahi mea kupaianaha, i kekahi manawa kokoke i ke ʻano, pohihihi, hiki ʻole ke wehewehe a me ka hoʻowalewale ikaika iā ia iho e waiho mau ana ma kāna pāʻani ...")

ʻAe, a ʻo ka poʻe piano ponoʻī i nehinei, ʻo nā hālāwai me ka poʻe hoʻolohe i hana ʻia i kekahi manawa ma ko lākou ala kūikawā. Ua makemake ʻo Sofronitsky i nā lumi liʻiliʻi a ʻoluʻolu, "kona" anaina. I nā makahiki hope loa o kona ola ʻana, ua makemake nui ʻo ia e pāʻani ma ka Hale Liʻiliʻi o ka Conservatory o Moscow, ma ka Hale o nā ʻepekema a - me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo loa - i loko o ka Hale-Museum o AN Scriabin, ka mea haku mele āna i hoʻomana ai kokoke mai makahiki ʻōpio.

He mea koʻikoʻi ia ma ka pāʻani a Sofronitsky ʻaʻohe cliché (he cliché hoʻohaʻahaʻa a hoʻomāinoino i kekahi manawa e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka wehewehe ʻana o nā haku kaulana); interpretive template, paakiki o ke ano, e hele mai ana mai super-ikaika aʻo, mai ka scrupulous "hana" papahana, mai ka hana pinepine o ka ia mau apana ma na anuu. ʻO kahi stencil i ka hana mele, kahi manaʻo petrified, ʻo ia nā mea inaina loa iā ia. "He mea ʻino loa ia," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia, "i ka manawa, ma hope o nā kī kī mua i lawe ʻia e kahi mea hoʻokani piano i kahi concerto, ua noʻonoʻo ʻoe i ka mea e hiki mai ana." ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua aʻo ʻo Sofronitsky i kāna mau papahana no ka manawa lōʻihi a me ke akahele. A ʻo ia, no ka palena ʻole o kāna repertoire, ua loaʻa iā ia ka manawa e hana hou ai i nā ʻahamele i hoʻokani mua ʻia. Akā - he mea kupaianaha! - ʻaʻohe mea hōʻailona, ​​ʻaʻohe manaʻo o ka "memorization" o kā lākou ʻōlelo mai ke kahua. No ka mea maker ma ke ano oiaio a kiekie o ka olelo. “… ʻO Sofronitsky luna hoʻokō? Ua hoʻōho ʻo VE Meyerhold i kekahi manawa. "ʻO wai ka mea e huli aʻe i kona alelo e ʻōlelo i kēia?" (E ʻōlelo ana i ka ʻōlelo luna hoʻokō, Meyerhold, e like me kāu e manaʻo ai mea hoʻokani; ʻaʻole i manaʻo i ke mele hana, a me ke mele hooikaika.) ʻOiaʻiʻo: hiki anei i kekahi ke inoa i ka mea hou a me ka hoa hana o kahi piano, nona ka ikaika a me ka pinepine o ka pulse hoʻomohala, e manaʻo ʻia ka ikaika o ka radiation hana i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ia?

Sofronitsky mau hana ma ke kahua ahamele. Ma ka hana mele, e like me ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, hiki ke hōʻike i ka lehulehu i ka hopena i hoʻopau ʻia o kahi hana i hana maikaʻi ʻia ma mua o ka manawa (e like me ka laʻana, hoʻokani ka mea hoʻokani piano kaulana ʻo Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli); Hiki i kekahi ke kālai i ke kiʻi kiʻi ma laila, i mua o ka lehulehu: "eia, i kēia lā, i kēia manawa," e like me ka makemake o Stanislavsky. No Sofronitsky, ʻo ia ke kānāwai. ʻAʻole hiki i ka poʻe kipa i kāna mau ʻahamele i ka "lā wehe", akā i kahi ʻano hana hana hana. E like me ke kānāwai, ʻaʻole i kūpono ka laki o nehinei ma ke ʻano he unuhi ʻōlelo i ka mea hoʻokani pila i hana ma kēia papa hana - pela iho la… Aia kekahi ʻano mea pena, i mea e neʻe ai i mua, pono mau e hōʻole i kekahi mea, e haʻalele i kekahi mea. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ua hana ʻo Picasso ma kahi o 150 mau kiʻi kiʻi mua no kāna mau panela kaulana ʻo "War" a me "Peace" a ʻaʻole hoʻohana i kekahi o ia mau mea i ka hope hope loa o ka hana, ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o kēia mau kiʻi a me nā kiʻi, e like me ka ʻike maka. nā moʻolelo, ua maikaʻi loa. ʻAʻole hiki iā Picasso ke hana hou, kope, hana kope. Pono ʻo ia e ʻimi a hana i kēlā me kēia minuke; i kekahi manawa e hoolei i ka mea i loaa mua; e hoopau i ka pilikia. E hoʻoholo i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa ma mua o ka la i nehinei. Inā ʻaʻole, e lilo ana ka hana hoʻomakeʻe i kona nani, ka leʻaleʻa uhane, a me ka ʻono kikoʻī nona. Ua like kekahi mea me Sofronitsky. Hiki iā ia ke pāʻani i ka mea like ʻelua i ka lālani (e like me ka mea i loaʻa iā ia i kona wā ʻōpiopio, ma kekahi o nā clavirabends, i kona noi ʻana i ka lehulehu no ka ʻae ʻana e hana hou i kā Chopin impromptu, ʻaʻole i ʻoluʻolu iā ia ma ke ʻano he unuhi ʻōlelo) - ʻo ka lua " version" he mea ʻokoʻa loa ia mai ka mua. Ua ʻōlelo hou ʻo Sofronitsky ma hope o Mahler ke alakaʻi: "He mea hōʻoluʻolu iaʻu ke alakaʻi i kahi hana ma ke ala i hahau ʻia." ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka nui o kona hōʻike ʻana iā ia iho ma kēia ʻano, ʻoiai ma nā ʻōlelo like ʻole. Ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kekahi o kona ʻohana, ua haʻalele ʻo ia: "ʻOkoʻa mau wau i ka pāʻani, ʻokoʻa mau."

ʻO kēia mau "ʻokoʻa" a me nā "ʻokoʻa" i lawe mai i kahi hiʻohiʻona kūikawā i kāna pāʻani. Manaʻo mau ia i kekahi mea mai ka improvisation, ka ʻimi hoʻomohala manawa; ma mua ua ʻōlelo ʻia ua hele ʻo Sofronitsky i ke kahua hana - mai hana hou. Ma nā kamaʻilio ʻana, ua hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ia - ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi a me nā kuleana āpau e hana pēlā - ʻo ia, ma ke ʻano he unuhi ʻōlelo, he "hoʻolālā paʻa" i kona poʻo: "ma mua o ka ʻahamele, ʻike wau pehea e pāʻani ai a hiki i ka hoʻomaha hope. ” Akā, ua hoʻohui ʻo ia:

"ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe i ka wā o kahi ʻahamele. Hiki ke like me ka home, a i ʻole he ʻokoʻa loa. E like me ka hale - ano like – ʻAʻohe ona…

Aia i loko o kēia mau mea hoʻohui (nui) a me nā mea liʻiliʻi (ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia). ʻAʻohe pono e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana e like me ka mea kakaʻikahi i nā hana unuhi mele i kēia mau lā. E hoʻomaʻamaʻa, e hāʻawi i ka intuition, e hana ana ma ke kahua i kahi hana me ka ʻeha a no ka manawa lōʻihi e aʻo ʻia, e haʻalele i ke ala ʻoi loa i ka manawa koʻikoʻi, he mea pena wale nō me ka noʻonoʻo waiwai, audacity, a me ka noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo. hiki ke hana i keia. ʻO ka "akā" wale nō: ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pāʻani "i ke kānāwai o ka manawa, ke kānāwai o kēia minuke, kahi kūlana o ka noʻonoʻo, kahi ʻike i hāʻawi ʻia ..." - a ma kēia mau ʻōlelo a GG Neuhaus i wehewehe ai. ʻO ke ʻano o ke kahua ʻo Sofronitsky - ʻaʻole hiki ke noho hauʻoli like i kā lākou ʻike. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole pili ʻo Sofronitsky i nā pianists like. ʻAʻole ʻo Stability i waena o kāna mau pono ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani ʻahamele. ʻO nā ʻike poetic o ka mana kupaianaha i hoʻololi pū me ia, ua hiki mai, me nā manawa o ka manaʻo ʻole, psychological trance, internal demagnetization. ʻO nā kūleʻa akamai loa, ʻaʻole, ʻaʻole, ʻae, i hoʻopili ʻia me nā hāʻule hōʻino, nā lanakila lanakila - me nā haʻihaʻi i manaʻo ʻole ʻia a pōʻino, nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe - me nā "plateaus" i hoʻonāukiuki nui iā ia ...

Ua ʻike ka poʻe kokoke i ka mea pena kiʻi ʻaʻole hiki ke wānana me ka liʻiliʻi loa inā e holomua ana kāna hana e hiki mai ana. E like me ka mea maʻamau me nā ʻano makaʻu, palupalu, maʻalahi maʻalahi (i ka manawa i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia e pili ana iā ia iho: "Ke ola nei au me ka ʻole o ka ʻili"), ʻaʻole hiki iā Sofronitsky ke huki iā ia iho ma mua o ka ʻaha mele, hoʻopaʻa i kona makemake, lanakila i ka spasm. hopohopo, loaa ka maluhia o ka manao. Hōʻike ʻia ma kēia ʻano ka moʻolelo o kāna haumāna IV Nikonovich: "I ke ahiahi, hoʻokahi hola ma mua o ka ʻaha mele, ma kāna noi, kāhea pinepine au iā ia ma ke kaʻa. He paʻakikī loa ke ala mai ka home a i ka hale ʻaha mele… Ua pāpā ʻia ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke mele, e pili ana i ka ʻaha mele e hiki mai ana, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e pili ana i nā mea prosaic extraneous, e nīnau i nā ʻano nīnau āpau. Ua pāpā ʻia ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻana a i ʻole ka leo ʻole, e hoʻokaʻawale i ka lewa ma mua o ka ʻaha mele a i ʻole, e kau i ka nānā ʻana ma luna. ʻO kona hopohopo, ka magnetism i loko, ka manaʻo hopohopo, ka hakakā me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i hiki i ko lākou kiʻekiʻe i kēia mau manawa. (Nikonovich IV Memories of VV Sofronitsky // Memories of Sofronitsky. S. 292.).

ʻO ka hauʻoli i hoʻomāʻehaʻeha i nā mea hoʻokani mele a pau i hoʻopau iā Sofronitsky kokoke i nā mea'ē aʻe. Ua nui ka manaʻo o ka manaʻo i kekahi manawa i hele ai nā helu mua a pau o ka papahana, a me ka hapa mua o ke ahiahi, e like me kāna i ʻōlelo ai, "ma lalo o ka piano." Me ka lohi wale, me ka pilikia, ʻaʻole i hiki koke mai ka emancipation i loko. A laila hiki mai ka mea nui. Ua hoʻomaka nā "passes" kaulana a Sofronitsky. Ua hoʻomaka ka mea i hele ai ka lehulehu i nā ʻahamele a ka mea hoʻokani piano: ua hōʻike ʻia ka hemolele o nā mele mele i nā kānaka.

Ua ʻike ʻia ka neʻe ʻana, ka electrification noʻonoʻo o ke kiʻi a Sofronitsky e nā mea hoʻolohe a pau. ʻO ka poʻe ʻoi aku ka noʻonoʻo, manaʻo naʻe i kahi mea ʻē aʻe i kēia kiʻi - kona mau ʻano pōʻino. ʻO kēia ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai nā mea hoʻokani pila iʻikeʻia e pili kokoke ana iā ia i ko lākou mau manaʻo mele, ka hale kūʻai o kahiʻano hana, ka romanticism o ka nānā honua, e like me Cortot, Neuhaus, Arthur Rubinstein; e kau ma luna o kona iho, he wahi kūikawā i loko o ka pōʻai o ka contemporaries. ʻO ka hoʻohewa mele, ka mea i kālailai i ka pāʻani ʻana o Sofronitsky, ʻaʻohe koho akā e huli i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea like a me nā mea hoʻohālikelike i ka palapala a me ka pena: i ka huikau, hopohopo, ʻulaʻula o nā honua artistic o Blok, Dostoevsky, Vrubel.

ʻO ka poʻe i kū ma ka ʻaoʻao o Sofronitsky e kākau e pili ana i kona ʻiʻini mau loa i nā ʻaoʻao ʻoi loa o ka noho ʻana. "ʻOiai i nā manawa o ka leʻaleʻa hauʻoli loa," i hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻo AV Sofronitsky, ke keiki a kahi mea hoʻokani piano, "ʻaʻole i haʻalele kekahi wrinkle pōʻino i kona maka, ʻaʻole hiki ke hopu i kahi hōʻike o ka hauʻoli piha iā ia." Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Maria Yudina e pili ana i kona "hiʻohiʻona ʻeha", "hoʻomaha nui ʻole ..." ʻAʻole pono e ʻōlelo, ʻo ka hui ʻana o ka ʻuhane a me ka noʻonoʻo o Sofronitsky, he kanaka a me kahi mea pena, i hoʻopilikia i kāna pāʻani, hāʻawi iā ia i kahi kiʻi kūikawā. I kekahi manawa ua aneane e kahe koko kēia pāʻani ma kona ʻano. I kekahi manawa, uē ka poʻe i nā ʻahamele a ka mea hoʻokani piano.

ʻO kēia ka mea nui e pili ana i nā makahiki hope o ke ola o Sofronitsky. I kona wā ʻōpiopio, ʻokoʻa kona ʻano hana. Ua kākau ʻo Criticism e pili ana i nā "hoʻokiʻekiʻe", e pili ana i nā "patos romantic" o ka mea hoʻokani mele ʻōpio, e pili ana i kāna "ecstatic states", e pili ana i "ka lokomaikaʻi o nā manaʻo, penetrating lyricism" a me nā mea like. No laila, hoʻokani ʻo ia i ka piano opuses a Scriabin, a me ka mele a Liszt (me ka B minor sonata, me kona puka ʻana mai ka conservatory); i loko o ka manaʻo like a me ka noʻonoʻo, ua unuhi ʻo ia i nā hana a Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Schumann, Chopin, Mendelssohn, Brahms, Debussy, Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninov, Medtner, Prokofiev, Shostakovich a me nā mea haku mele ʻē aʻe. Maʻaneʻi, pono paha e kuhikuhi pono i nā mea a pau i hana ʻia e Sofronitsky ʻaʻole hiki ke helu ʻia - mālama ʻo ia i nā haneli o nā hana i loko o kona hoʻomanaʻo a ma kona mau manamana lima, hiki ke hoʻolaha (ʻo ia, ma ke ala, ua hana ʻo ia) ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi kakini mele. nā papahana, me ka ʻole o ka hana hou ʻana i kekahi o ia mau mea: ʻaʻole palena ʻole kāna repertoire.

I ka wā lōʻihi, ua ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka manaʻo o ka pianist, hāʻawi ka manaʻo i ka hohonu a me ka hiki o nā ʻike, i ʻōlelo ʻia, a he nui loa. ʻO ke kiʻi o ka Sofronitsky i hala, he mea pena i ola i ke kaua, ʻo ka hoʻoilo weliweli ʻo Leningrad o kanahākūmākahi, ʻo ka make ʻana o nā mea aloha, crystallizes i kāna outlines. Pāʻani paha sopehea ʻo ia i pāʻani ai i kona mau makahiki emi, hiki wale ke haʻalele kona ala ola. Aia kekahi hihia i kāna ʻōlelo palaka ʻana no kēia i kahi haumāna e hoʻāʻo nei e kiʻi i kekahi mea ma ka piano ma ka ʻuhane o kāna kumu. ʻAʻole paha e poina ka poʻe i kipa aku i nā hui kīpē a ka mea piano i nā makahiki kanahā a me kanalima i kāna wehewehe ʻana i kā Mozart C-minor fantasy, nā mele Schubert-Liszt, nā mele "Apassionata" a Beethoven, Tragic Poem a me nā sonata hope a Scriabin, nā ʻāpana a Chopin, Fa- sharp- Sonata liʻiliʻi, "Kreisleriana" a me nā hana ʻē aʻe a Schumann. ʻAʻole e poina ka hanohano haʻaheo, kokoke i ka monumentalism o nā hana kani a Sofronitsky; hoʻomaha kiʻi kiʻi a me ka bulge o nā kikoʻī piano, nā laina, nā contours; ʻike nui ʻia, "deklamato" hoʻoweliweli. A hoʻokahi mea hou aʻe: ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka lapidarity o ke ʻano hana. "Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e pāʻani i nā mea āpau i ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a me ke koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka wā ma mua," wahi a nā mea hoʻokani pila i ʻike pono i kona ʻano, "akā ʻo kēia maʻalahi, laconism a me ka detachment naʻauao ua hoʻokūhoihoi iaʻu e like me ka wā ma mua. Ua hāʻawi wale ʻo ia i ke ʻano ʻokoʻa loa, e like me ke ʻano koʻikoʻi loa, kahi puʻupuʻu o ka manaʻo, noʻonoʻo, e ... i loaʻa i ke kūʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe loa i nā ʻano stingy, compressed, restrainedly intensity. (Nīkonovich IV Memories of VV Sofronitsky // Cited ed.)

Ua manaʻo ʻo Sofronitsky iā ia iho i ka manawa o nā kanalima ka mea hoihoi a koʻikoʻi i kāna moʻolelo biography. ʻO ka mea nui paha, pēlā nō. ʻO ke kiʻi o ka napoʻo ʻana o nā mea pena ʻē aʻe i pena ʻia i kekahi manawa i nā leo kūikawā, ʻokoʻa i ko lākou hōʻike ʻana - nā leo o ke ola a me ka hana "golden autumn"; ʻO kēlā mau leo ​​e like me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana e hoʻolei ʻia e ka hoʻomālamalama ʻuhane, ka hohonu i loko o ke kanaka, condensed psychologism. Me ka ʻoliʻoli hiki ʻole ke wehewehe ʻia, hoʻolohe mākou i nā opus hope a Beethoven, e nānā i nā helehelena kanikau o nā ʻelemakule a me nā wahine ʻelemakule o Rembrandt, i hopu ʻia e ia ma mua koke o kona make ʻana, a heluhelu i nā hana hope o Goethe's Faust, Tolstoy's Resurrection or Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov. Ua hāʻule i ka hanauna ma hope o ke kaua o ka poʻe hoʻolohe Soviet e launa pū me nā haku mele maoli o nā mele mele a me nā hana hoʻokani - nā haku o Sofronitsky. Aia nō kā lākou mea nāna i hana i loko o ka puʻuwai o nā tausani o ka poʻe, me ka mahalo a me ke aloha e hoʻomanaʻo nei i kāna hana hana kupanaha.

G. Tsypin