Jaroslav Krombholc |
ʻO Jaroslav Krombholc
A hiki i kēia manawa - ma kahi o ʻumikūmālima mau makahiki i hala - ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka inoa ʻo Yaroslav Krombholtz i kahi pōʻai ākea o nā mea aloha mele. I kēia lā, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ia kekahi o nā alakaʻi opera koʻikoʻi o ka honua, he pani kūpono no Vaclav Talich a he pani no kāna hana. He kūlohelohe a kūpono ka hope: ʻo Krombholtz ka haumāna a Talikh ʻaʻole wale ma ke kula alakaʻi ma Prague Conservatory, akā i ka National Theatre, kahi i kōkua ai ʻo ia i ka haku kupaianaha no ka manawa lōʻihi.
Ua aʻo ʻia ʻo Krombholtz iā Talih i kona wā ʻōpio akā ua hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi ʻia. Ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka haku mele ma Prague Conservatory me O. Shin a me V. Novak, e alakaʻi ana me P. Dedechek, hele i nā papa o A. Khaba a hoʻolohe i nā haʻiʻōlelo a 3. Nejedla ma ka Faculty of Philosophy o Charles University. I ka wā mua, ʻaʻole ʻo Krombholtz e lilo i alakaʻi: ʻoi aku ka hoihoi o ka mea hoʻokani i ka haku mele, a ʻo kekahi o kāna mau hana - he symphony, orchestral suites, sextet, mele - ke lohe ʻia nei mai ke kahua ʻaha mele. Akā, i loko o nā makahiki he kanahā, ua nānā nui ka mea ho'okani pila i ke alaka'i. 'Oiai he haumana, ua loa'a mua 'o ia i ka manawa e alaka'i i nā hana opera o ka "Talikhov repertoire" ma ka People's Theatre a ho'ā'o e komo i nā mea huna o kona akamai.
Ua hoʻomaka ka hana kūʻokoʻa a ke alakaʻi i ka makahiki iwakāluakūmākolu wale nō. Ma ke kūlanakauhale hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni o Pilsen, hoʻokani ʻo ia iā "Jenufa", a laila "Dalibor" a me "The Marriage of Figaro". ʻO kēia mau hana ʻekolu i hoʻokumu ʻia, me he mea lā, ke kumu o kāna repertoire: ʻekolu koholā - nā mele Czech, nā mele hou a me Mozart. A laila huli ʻo Krombholtz i nā helu o Suk, Ostchil, Fibich, Novak, Burian, Borzhkovets - ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa i hana ʻia e kona mau hoa pili i komo i kāna repertoire.
I ka makahiki 1963, lilo ʻo Krombholtz i alakaʻi alakaʻi nui o ka hale keaka ma Prague. Maʻaneʻi ua uluʻo Krombholtz i mea unuhi'ōlelo akamai a me ka mea hoʻolaha o nā mele mele Czech, he meaʻimi makemake a hoʻokolohua ma ke kahua o ka opera hou, e like me ia iʻikeʻia i kēia mau lāʻaʻole wale ma Czechoslovakia, akā, ma waho. ʻO ka repertoire mau loa o ka mea alakaʻi ka hapa nui o nā opera na Smetana, Dvorak, Fibich, Foerster, Novak, nā hana a Janáček, Osrchil, Jeremias, Kovarovits, Burian, Sukhoń, Martin, Volprecht, Cikker, Power a me nā haku mele ʻē aʻe Czechoslovak, a me Mozart, nāna ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea kākau punahele a ka mea pena. Me kēia, nānā nui ʻo ia i nā opera Lūkia, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Eugene Onegin, The Snow Maiden, Boris Godunov, nā keaka a nā mea kākau o kēia wā - Prokofiev's War and Peace and The Tale of a Real Man, Shostakovich's Katerina Izmailova. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ua loaʻa iā ia ka inoa ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hoʻokalakupua maikaʻi loa a me nā unuhi ʻōlelo o ka repertoire o kēia wā.
Ua hōʻoia ʻia ka hanohano kiʻekiʻe o Krombholtz e kona kūleʻa ma waho o Czechoslovakia. Ma hope o kekahi mau huakaʻi me ka hui o ka People's Theatre ma USSR, Belgium, Kelemānia Hikina, kono mau ʻia ʻo ia e alakaʻi i nā hana ma nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni maikaʻi loa ma Vienna a me Lākana, Milan a me Stuttgart, Warsaw a me Rio de Janeiro, Berlin a me Paris. . ʻO nā mea hana a kāna kaikamahine hānai, ʻo Katerina Izmailova, ʻo ka wahine mare i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Vienna State Opera, ʻo Cikker's Resurrection ma ka Stuttgart Opera, The Bartered Bride a me Boris Godunov ma Covent Garden, ʻo Katya Kabanova i kūleʻa loa. "a me" Enufa "ma ka Hōʻikeʻike Netherlands. ʻO Krombholtz ka mea alakaʻi opera. Akā naʻe, loaʻa iā ia ka manawa no nā hana ʻaha mele, ma Czechoslovakia a ma waho, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ʻEnelani, kahi i kaulana loa ai. ʻO kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o kāna mau papahana ʻaha mele e noho ʻia e nā mele o ke kenekulia XNUMX: eia, me nā haku mele Czechoslovak, ʻo Debussy, Ravel, Roussel, Millau, Bartok, Hindemith, Shostakovich, Prokofiev, Kodai, F. Marten.
Ma ka wehewehe ʻana i ke kiʻi hoʻomohala o ka mea pena, kākau ʻo P. Eckstein: "ʻO Krombholtz ka mea mua o nā mea mele mele, a ʻo kāna mau ʻimi a me nā hoʻokō āpau i hōʻailona ʻia e kekahi palupalu a nani. Akā, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea hoʻokani pila ʻaʻole kona nāwaliwali. ʻO kāna hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā ʻāpana mai ka pāʻani mele a Fiebich ʻo The Bride of Messina e hōʻike nei i kēia, e like me ka hana kupanaha o Wozzeck ma Prague. ʻO nā ʻano poetic a me nā leo nani e pili kokoke ana i ke kālena o ka mea pena. Manaʻo ʻia kēia ma Rusalka a Dvořák, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ia a ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe hoʻohewa ʻo ia paha ka wehewehe kūpono loa o ka hana. Akā i kāna mau mele ʻē aʻe, e like me ka opera "ʻElua Wahine", hōʻike ʻo Krombholtz i kona ʻano ʻakaʻaka a me ka lokomaikaʻi.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969
