Livenskaya accordion: haku mele, mōʻaukala, kani, hoʻohana

Ua ʻike ʻia ka harmonica ma Rūsia i ka makahiki 1830. Ua lawe ʻia e nā mea mele Kelemania i ka XNUMXs. Ua aloha nā haku mai ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Livny, ka moku ʻo Oryol i kēia mea kani, akā ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu i kona kani monophonic. Ma hope o ke ʻano o ka hana hou ʻana, ua lilo ia i "momi" i waena o nā harmonicas Lūkini, i ʻike ʻia i nā hana a nā mea kākau nui a me nā haku mele ʻo Yesenin, Leskov, Bunin, Paustovsky.

Device

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o ka Liven accordion ka nui o nā borins. Hiki iā lākou mai 25 a 40, aʻo nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 16 mau ʻāpana. I ka wā e hohola ai i ka bellows, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka mea hana he 2 mika, akā liʻiliʻi ka leo o ke keʻena ea, ʻo ia ke kumu i hoʻonui ai i ka nui o nā borins.

ʻAʻohe poʻohiwi o ka hoʻolālā. Hoʻopaʻa ka mea hoʻokani iā ​​​​ia ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka manamana nui o kona lima ʻākau i loko o ka loop ma ka paia hope o ka ʻāʻī keyboard, a hāʻawi i kona lima hema i ke kaula ma ka hope o ka uhi hema. Ma ka lālani hoʻokahi o ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau, he 12-18 mau pihi ka mea, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema he mau levers, i ka wā e paʻi ʻia ai, e wehe i nā kiwi waho.

I loko o nā makahiki o ka hana ʻana i ka harmonica Liven, ʻo kona ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻaʻole i hilinaʻi ke kani i ka hohola ʻana o ka hulu ma kekahi ʻaoʻao. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hana nā haku mai ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Livny i kahi mea kani kumu ʻaʻohe analogues ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe.

mō'aukala

I ka hopena o ke kenekulia XNUMX, ʻo ka harmonica ka kāleka kelepona kūʻokoʻa o ka moku ʻo Oryol. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me ka hulu lōʻihi, i kāhiko ʻia me nā mea hoʻonaninani, ua ʻike koke ʻia.

Ua hana ʻia ka mea hana ma ke ʻano lima lima wale nō a he "mea ʻāpana". Ua hana kekahi mau mea hana i ka hoʻolālā like i ka manawa hoʻokahi. ʻO kekahi i hana i nā pahu a me nā bellows, ʻo kekahi i hana i nā kiwi a me nā kaula. A laila kūʻai nā haku stapler i nā ʻāpana a hōʻuluʻulu i ka harmonica. Ua pipiʻi ka ʻauʻau. I kēlā manawa, ua like kona waiwai me ke kumu kūʻai o ka bipi.

Ma mua o ke kipi ʻana o 1917, ua lilo ka mea kani i mea kaulana loa; Ua hele mai nā kānaka mai nā volost like ʻole i ka ʻāina ʻo Oryol no ia. ʻAʻole i hoʻokō ka poʻe hana lima i ka koi, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā hale hana o ka Oryol, nā moku ʻo Tula, Petrograd a me nā kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe i ka hana ʻana i ka accordion Liven. Ua emi iho ke kumu kuai o ka harmonica hale hana.

Me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā mea hoʻokani holomua, ua nalowale ka kaulana o ka livenka, ua hoʻōki nā haku i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kā lākou mau akamai i ka hanauna ʻōpio, a i ka waena o ke kenekulia i hala, hoʻokahi wale nō kanaka i koe ma Livny nāna i hōʻiliʻili i kēia accordion.

ʻO Valentin, kekahi o nā mamo a ka mea hana lima ʻo Livensky ʻo Ivan Zanin, i lawe i ka hoihoi hou i ka mea kani. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻo ia i nā mele kahiko, nā moʻolelo, nā moʻolelo mai nā kauhale, ʻimi i nā kope i mālama ʻia o nā mea kani mua. Ua hana ʻo Valentin i kahi hui i hāʻawi i nā ʻahamele ma ka ʻāina, e hoʻokani ana ma ka lekiō a me ke kīwī.

Kaʻina kani

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, hoʻokahi leo leo o ka hāmeʻa, ma hope ua ʻike ʻia nā harmonicas ʻelua a ʻekolu-leo. ʻAʻole kūlohelohe ka unahi, akā hui pū ʻia, paʻa i ka papa keyboard o ka lima ʻākau. Aia ka laula i ka helu o nā pihi:

• Hoʻokani ʻia nā pihi 12 mai ka "re" o ka mua a i ka "la" octaves;
• pihi 14 - ma ka ʻōnaehana "re" o ka mua a me ka "hana" o ke kolu;
• pihi 15 - mai "la" liʻiliʻi a "la" o ka lua octave.

Ua aloha ka poʻe i ka livenka no kona kani kūʻokoʻa, kahi ʻano o nā leo mele Lūkini. I loko o nā pahu, ua like ia me nā paipu a me nā pū. Ua hele pū ʻo Livenka me nā poʻe maʻamau i nā pilikia a me ka hauʻoli, ka male ʻana, nā hoʻolewa, ka ʻike ʻana i ka pūʻali koa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana me ka ʻole o nā ʻahaʻaina.