Paul Badura-Skoda |

Paul Badura-Skoda

He mea hoʻokani pila - soloist, ensemble player, conductor, kumu, mea noiʻi, mea kākau - ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻelele alakaʻi o ka hanauna ma hope o ke kaua o ke kula pianistic Austrian. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole pololei loa ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana iā ia me ke kumu ʻole he kula Austrian: ma hope o ka puka ʻana mai ka Conservatory Vienna ma ka papa piano o Professor Viola Tern (a me ka papa alakaʻi), ua aʻo ʻo Badura-Skoda ma lalo o ka alakaʻi a Edwin Fischer, ka mea āna i manaʻo ai ʻo kāna kumu nui. Akā naʻe, ua waiho ka manaʻo aloha o Fischer i kahi hiʻohiʻona ikaika loa i ke ʻano hana o Badur-Skoda; Eia kekahi, pili pili ʻo ia me Vienna, kahi āna e noho ai a hana, me Vienna, ka mea i hāʻawi iā ia i ka piano piano a me ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻike auditory.

Ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻahamele a ka mea piano i ka makahiki 50. ʻO ka wikiwiki, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he connoisseur maikaʻi a me ka unuhi ʻōlelo maʻalahi o nā mele Viennese. ʻO nā hana kūleʻa i kekahi mau hoʻokūkū honua i hoʻoikaika i kona kaulana, wehe i nā puka o nā hale ʻaha mele nona, ke kahua o nā ʻahaʻaina he nui. Ua ʻike koke ka poʻe hoʻohewa iā ia ma ke ʻano he stylist maikaʻi, nā manaʻo noʻonoʻo koʻikoʻi a me ka ʻono maikaʻi ʻole, kūpaʻa i ka leka a me ka ʻuhane o ka kikokikona a ka mea kākau, a hope loa i ka mahalo i ka maʻalahi a me ke kūʻokoʻa o kāna pāʻani. Akā i ka manawa like, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā wahi nāwaliwali o ka mea pena ʻōpio - ka nele o ka hanu ākea o ka huaʻōlelo, kekahi "aʻo", excessive smoothness, pedantry. "Ke pāʻani nei ʻo ia me nā kī, ʻaʻole me nā kani," i ʻōlelo ʻo I. Kaiser i ka makahiki 1965.

ʻO nā mea hōʻike o ka ulu ʻana o ka mea pena kiʻi he poʻe hoʻolohe Soviet. ʻO Badura-Skoda, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka makahiki 1968/69, hele mau i ka USSR. Ua huki koke ʻo ia i ka manaʻo me ka maʻalahi o ka nuance, stylistic flair, virtuosity ikaika. I ka manawa like, ʻike ʻole ʻia kāna wehewehe ʻana iā Chopin, i kekahi manawa ʻae ʻole ʻia e ka mele ponoʻī. Ma hope mai, i ka makahiki 1973, ua ʻike ka mea hoʻokani piano ʻo A. Ioheles i kāna loiloi ʻo Badura-Skoda "ua ulu aʻe a lilo i mea pena kanaka makua me ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ke ʻano pilikino, ʻo ka mea mua, ʻo ia ka mea ma luna o kāna mau mele kahiko Viennese." ʻOiaʻiʻo, i loko o nā kipa mua ʻelua, mai ka repertoire nui o Badur-Skoda, ua hoʻomanaʻo nui ʻia nā sonata o Haydn (C major) a me Mozart (F major), a i kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Schubert Sonata ma C minor ma ke ʻano he lanakila nui loa. , kahi i hiki ai i ka mea hookani piano ke malu i ka "ikaika, Beethovenian Start".

Ua waiho pū ka mea piano i kahi manaʻo maikaʻi i ka hui me David Oistrakh, me ia i hana ai ma ka Hale Nui o ka Conservatory Moscow. Akā, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana ma luna o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mea hoʻokani pila maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pianist ma mua o ka violinist nui i ka hohonu, ka mea nui a me ka nui o ka wehewehe ʻana i nā sonatas a Mozart.

I kēia lā, i mua o Badur-Skoda, hōʻike ʻia mākou me kahi mea pena kiʻi, ʻoiai he mau palena palena ʻole, akā he ākea ākea. ʻO ka ʻike waiwai loa a me ka ʻike encyclopedic, ʻo ka hope, stylistic flair kōkua iā ia e haku i nā papa mele like ʻole. 'Ōleloʻo ia; “Ke hoʻokokoke nei au i ka repertoire e like me ka mea keaka, ʻo ka unuhi ʻōlelo maikaʻi ke hoʻokokoke i kaʻu mau kuleana; pono ʻo ia e pāʻani i ka meʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo ia iho, e hōʻike i nā ʻano like ʻole me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo like. A pono wau e ʻōlelo i ka hapa nui o ka lanakila o ka mea pena, ʻoiai ke huli ʻo ia i nā ʻāpana mamao. E hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ia i ka wanaʻao o kāna ʻoihana - i ka makahiki 1951 - ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo Badura-Skoda i nā concerto e Rimsky-Korsakov a me Scriabin ma nā moʻolelo, a i kēia manawa ke hoʻokani nei ʻo ia i nā mele o Chopin, Debussy, Ravel, Hindemith, Bartok, Frank Martin (ʻo ia ka hope. hoʻolaʻa i kāna Concerto ʻElua iā ia no ka piano a me ka hoʻokani pila). A ʻo nā mele kahiko a me ke aloha Viennese i ke kikowaena o kāna mau mea hoʻomohala - mai Haydn a me Mozart, ma o Beethoven a me Schubert, a i Schumann a me Brahms. Ma Austria a me nā ʻāina ʻē, ua kūleʻa loa nā hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā sonata a Beethoven i hana ʻia e ia, a ma USA ka album The Complete Collection of Schubert Sonatas Performed by Badur-Skoda, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ke kauoha a ka hui RCA, ua mahalo nui ʻia. ʻO Mozart hoʻi, ʻike ʻia kāna wehewehe ʻana e ka makemake i ka akaka o nā laina, ke ʻano o ke ʻano, a me ke alakaʻi leo leo. Hoʻokani ʻo Badura-Skoda ʻaʻole wale i ka hapa nui o nā mele mele a Mozart, akā he nui pū kekahi. ʻO Jörg Demus kona hoa paʻa mau no nā makahiki he nui: ua hoʻopaʻa lākou i nā haku mele a pau a Mozart no nā piano ʻelua a me nā lima ʻehā ma nā moʻolelo. ʻAʻole i kaupalena ʻia kā lākou hui pū ʻana, iā Mozart. I ka makahiki 1970, i ka manawa i hoʻolauleʻa ʻia ai ka makahiki 200 o Beethoven, ua hoʻolaha nā hoaaloha i kahi pōʻaiapuni o nā sonata a Beethoven ma ke kīwī Austrian, me ka hui pū ʻana me nā manaʻo hoihoi loa. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo Badura-Skoda i ʻelua mau puke i nā pilikia o ka unuhi ʻana i ke mele a Mozart a me Beethoven, kahi i kākau pū ʻia me kāna wahine, a ʻo kekahi me Jörg Demus. Eia kekahi, ua kākau ʻo ia i nā ʻatikala he nui a me nā haʻawina e pili ana i nā mele kahiko Viennese a me nā mele kahiko, nā paʻi o nā concerto a Mozart, nā hana he nui a Schubert (me ka noʻonoʻo "Wanderer"), ʻo Schumann's "Album for Youth". I ka makahiki 1971, ʻoiai ma Moscow, ua hāʻawi ʻo ia i kahi haʻiʻōlelo koʻikoʻi ma ka conservatory e pili ana i nā pilikia o ka unuhi ʻana i nā mele kahiko. Ua kiʻekiʻe loa ka inoa o Badur-Skoda ma ke ʻano he connoisseur a me ka mea hoʻokani o ka Viennese classics i kēia manawa - ua kono mau ʻia ʻo ia e hāʻawi i nā haʻiʻōlelo a alakaʻi i nā papa hana hana ʻaʻole wale ma nā kula hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe ma Austria, akā ma USA, Farani. ʻO Italia, Czechoslovakia a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990