Pointillism |

ʻO ka pointillisme Farani, mai pointiller - kākau me nā kiko, kiko - kiko

ʻO ka leka "nā kiko", kekahi o nā mea hou. ʻano haku mele. ʻO ke kikoʻī o P. ʻo ia ka mele. ʻAʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka manaʻo ma ke ʻano o nā kumumanaʻo a i ʻole nā ​​manaʻo (ʻo ia hoʻi nā melodies) a i ʻole kekahi mau leo ​​i hoʻonui ʻia, akā me ke kōkua ʻana o nā kani jerky (me he mea lā kaawale) i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā pause, a me ka pōkole, ma 2-3, emi pinepine 4 nā leo o nā manaʻo (ka nui me nā lele ākea, e hōʻike ana i nā kiko hoʻokahi i nā papa inoa like ʻole); hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia me nā leo timbre ʻokoʻa-nā kiko o ka percussion e hui pū ana me lākou (me nā pitch paʻa ʻole a indefinite) a me nā hopena sonorous a me ka walaʻau. Inā he mea maʻamau ka hui ʻana o kekahi no ka polyphony. nā laina melodic, no ka homophony - ke kākoʻo o ka monody i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā chords-blocks, a laila no P. - he motley-colorful scattering o nā kiko ʻālohilohi (no laila ka inoa):

POLYPHONY HARMONY POINTILLISM

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo A. Webern ke kupuna o P.. Laʻana P.:

A. Webern. “Nā Hōkū” op. 25 no 3.

Ma ʻaneʻi, hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano paʻakikī o ke ʻano o ka haku mele – ka lani, nā hōkū, ka pō, nā pua, ke aloha – e hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻālohilohi ʻālohilohi o nā leo pointillistic. lole hoʻokani pila, e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he māmā a paʻakikī hoʻi no ke mele.

No ka Webern P. i hoʻokahi stylistic. manawa, kekahi o ke ano o ka manao hope loa ("he moʻolelo i hoʻokahi gesture," i kākau A. Schoenberg e pili ana i ka Webern's Bagatelles, op. 9), i hui pū me ka makemake no ka māliko loa o ka lole a me ka maʻemaʻe o ke ʻano. ʻO nā mea pena kiʻi Avant-garde o nā 1950s a me 60s i hana i ka P. i keʻano o ka hōʻikeʻana i hoʻohana nuiʻia e pili ana i nā loina o ka serialism (K. Stockhausen, "Contra-Points", 1953; P. Boulez, "Structures", 1952- 56; L. Nono, "Variants", 1957).

E hoʻomaopopo ': ʻO Kohoutek Ts., ʻenehana haku mele o ke kenekulia 1976, trans. mai Czech. M., 1967; Schäffer V., Maly Informator muzyki XX wieku, (Kr.), XNUMX.

ʻO Yu. N. Kholopov