Ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi clarinet. Pehea e koho ai i kahi clarinet?

Hoʻi ka mōʻaukala o ka clarinet i nā manawa o Georg Philipp Telemann, Georg Friedrich Handel a me Antonio Vivaldi, ʻo ia hoʻi ka huli ʻana o nā kenekulia XNUMXth a me XNUMXth. Na lākou i hānau me ka ʻike ʻole i ka clarinet o kēia lā, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka shawm (chalumeau) i kā lākou hana, ʻo ia hoʻi ka prototype o ka clarinet hou. Ua like ke kani o ka shawm me ke kani o ka pu baroque i kapa ʻia ʻo Clarino - kiʻekiʻe, ʻālohilohi a maopopo. No kēia mea kani ka inoa o kēia lā clarinet.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, he waha ko ka clarinet e like me ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pū, a he mau puka ke kino me ʻekolu mau lepa. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo ka hui pū ʻana o ka waha a me ke kani ʻana o ka pū me ka mea hoʻohana flute ʻaʻole i hāʻawi i nā mea ʻenehana nui. Ma kahi o 1700, ua hoʻomaka ka mea hana mea hana Kelemania ʻo Johann Christoph Denner e hana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka shawm. Ua hana ʻo ia i waha waha hou me ka ʻohe a me ke keʻena, a hoʻolōʻihi i ka mea kani ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi kīʻaha leo e hoʻonui ana.

ʻAʻole i hana hou ka shawm i nā leo ʻoi loa. Ua ʻoi aku ka mahana a me ka maopopo o kona kani. Mai ia manawa, ua hoʻololi mau ʻia ke ʻano o ka clarinet. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā mechanics mai ʻelima a i kēia mau lā 17-21 valves. Ua kūkulu ʻia nā ʻōnaehana applicator like ʻole: Albert, Öhler, Müller, Böhm. Ua ʻimi ʻia nā ʻano mea like ʻole no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka clarinet, ʻelepani, pahu pahu a me ka ʻeboni i hoʻohana ʻia, i lilo i mea kaulana loa no ka hana ʻana i nā clarinets.

ʻO nā clarinets o kēia lā he ʻelua ʻōnaehana applicator: ʻo ka ʻōnaehana Farani i hoʻokomo ʻia ma 1843, ʻoi aku ka ʻoluʻolu, a me ka ʻōnaehana Kelemania. Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻōnaehana applicator ʻelua i hoʻohana ʻia, ʻokoʻa nā clarinets o nā ʻōnaehana Kelemania a me Palani i ke kūkulu ʻana i ke kino, channel hollow a me ka mānoanoa o ka paia, e pili ana i ka timbre o ka mea kani a me ka ʻoluʻolu o ka pāʻani. ʻO ka maʻamau he ʻehā ʻāpana o ke kino me kahi puka polycylindrical, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua loli kona anawaena o loko ma ka lōʻihi o ke kahawai. Hana ʻia ke kino clarinet me ka lāʻau paʻa ʻApelika i kapa ʻia ʻo Grenadilla, Mozambique Ebony a me Honduran Rosewood - hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i ka marimbaphone. Ma nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa, hoʻohana ʻo Buffet Crampon i kahi ʻano hanohano o Grenadilla - Mpingo. Hana ʻia nā kumu hoʻohālike kula me kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ABS, i ʻike mau ʻia ʻo "plastic". Hana ʻia nā dampers me ke keleawe keleawe, zinc a me ka nickel. ʻO lākou he nickel-plated, kala-kala a gula-plated. Wahi a nā mea pāʻani clarinet ʻAmelika, hāʻawi nā kī nickel-plated a gula-plated i kahi kani ʻeleʻele, aʻo nā kī kālā - ʻoi aku ka mālamalama. Ma lalo o nā pā, aia nā cushions e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā puka o ka mea kani. ʻO nā uluna kaulana loa i hana ʻia i ka ʻili me ka impregnation wai ʻole, ka ʻili iʻa, nā uluna me kahi membrane Gore-Tex a i ʻole cork.

aloha

ʻO Amati clarinets ka mea kaulana loa ma Polani. Ua lanakila ka hui Czech i ka mākeke Polani i ka manawa i loaʻa ai ia mau mea kani i nā hale kūʻai mele. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, a hiki i kēia lā, aia ka hapa nui o nā kula mele i nā mea kani leʻaleʻa ke pāʻani.

Dia

ʻO Jupiter wale nō ka hōʻailona ʻAsia i hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia me ka palekana. I kēia mau lā, ua kaulana loa nā mea kani o ka hui, ʻoi aku ka nui ma waena o nā mea pāʻani clarinet hoʻomaka. ʻO ka Parisienne clarinet ke kumu hoʻohālike maikaʻi loa o ka hui, i hana ʻia me ka lāʻau. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o kēia mea kani, e pili ana i kona maikaʻi, he manaʻo maikaʻi ia i ka papa o nā kumu kula.

Hanson

ʻO Hanson kahi hui Pelekane ʻōpio maikaʻi loa, e hana ana i nā clarinets mai nā kumu kula a hiki i ka ʻoihana a hana ʻia e kauoha me nā kikoʻī o ka mea kūʻai aku. Hana ʻia nā Clarinets me ka lāʻau maikaʻi a hoʻolako ʻia me nā mea pono. Hoʻohui ʻo Hanson i ka waha waha Vandoren B45, Ligaturka BG a me BAM hihia ma ke ʻano maʻamau i ke kumu hoʻohālike kula.

kuikui aku la

ʻO Buffet Crampon Paris ka brand clarinet kaulana loa ma ka honua. ʻO ke kumu o ka hui i ka makahiki 1875. Hāʻawi ʻo Buffet i kahi koho nui o nā mea kani a me ka hana serial maikaʻi maikaʻi ma ke kumukūʻai kūpono. Hoʻopuka ia i nā clarinets no nā mea hoʻomaka a me nā mea pāʻani clarinet ʻoihana. Hana ʻia nā kumu hoʻohālike kula me ka helu kuhikuhi B 10 a me B 12 i ka plastic. He mau clarinets māmā lākou no ka poʻe mele hoʻomaka, maikaʻi loa i ke aʻo ʻana i nā keiki liʻiliʻi. He hikiwawe loa ko lakou mau kumukuai. ʻO ka E 10 a me E 11 nā kumu kula mua i hana ʻia me ka lāʻau Grenadilla. ʻO ka E 13 ke kula kaulana loa a me ka clarinet haumāna. Paipai nā mea kani i kēia mea kani ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai (haʻahaʻa e pili ana i kona maikaʻi). ʻO Buffet RC he kumu hoʻohālike ʻoihana, mahalo nui ʻia ma Farani a me Italia. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia e ka leo maikaʻi a me ke kani pumehana.

ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona Buffet kiʻekiʻe ʻo ka RC Prestige. Ua loaʻa ka kaulana ma Polani ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana ma ka mākeke, a ʻo ia ka clarinet ʻoihana kūʻai nui loa. Hana ʻia ia me ka lāʻau i koho ʻia (Mpingo species) me nā apo ʻoi aku ka nui. He lua hou ko keia mea kani i loko o ke pola leo e hoonui i ke kani o ka papa inoa haahaa a me ka leo maikai loa. Ua lako pū ʻia me nā cushions Gore-Tex. ʻOi aku a liʻiliʻi paha ka hoʻohālike Festival ma ka pae like. He mea kani me ka leo maikaʻi a mehana. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, loaʻa pinepine nā mea kani o kēia pūʻulu i nā pilikia leo. Eia nō naʻe, ʻōlelo ʻia lākou e nā clarinetists akamai. Hōʻike ʻia ka hiʻohiʻona R 13 e kahi kani mahana a piha - he mea kani kaulana loa ma USA, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ma laila ʻo Vintage. ʻO Tosca ke kumu hoʻohālike hou loa mai Buffet Crampon. I kēia manawa he kumu hoʻohālike o ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa, i ka manawa hoʻokahi iʻikeʻia e ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe. ʻOiaʻiʻo, loaʻa iā ia kahi applicator ʻoluʻolu, kahi flap hou e hoʻonui i ka leo F, lāʻau maikaʻi me nā apo paʻa, akā naʻe, he leo palahalaha, kahi leo ʻike ʻole, ʻoiai he mau mea hana lima kēia.