Alfred Brendel |

Alfred Brendel

ʻO kekahi ʻano, me ka lohi, me ka ʻole o ka manaʻo a me ka leo hoʻolaha, ma ka waena o 70s ua neʻe ʻo Alfred Brendel i mua o nā haku o ka piano piano hou. A hiki i kēia manawa, ua kapa ʻia kona inoa me nā inoa o nā hoa a me nā hoa haumāna - I. Demus, P. Badur-Skoda, I. Hebler; I kēia lā, ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka hui pū ʻana me nā inoa o nā kukui e like me Kempf, Richter a me Gilels. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea kūpono a, ʻo ia paha ka mea kūpono loa o Edwin Fisher.

No ka poʻe i kamaʻāina i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mea pena, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia kēia koho: ʻo ia, me he mea lā, ua hoʻoholo mua ʻia e kahi hui hauʻoli o nā ʻikepili pianistic nani, naʻauao a me ke ʻano, i alakaʻi ʻia i ka ulu ʻana o ke kālena, ʻoiai. ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā Brendel kahi hoʻonaʻauao ʻōnaehana. ʻO kona mau makahiki kamaliʻi i hala ma Zagreb, kahi i mālama ai nā mākua o ka mea pena i ka wā e hiki mai ana i kahi hōkele liʻiliʻi, a lawelawe kāna keiki i kahi gramophone kahiko i loko o ka cafe, a lilo ʻo ia i "kumu" mele mua. No kekahi mau makahiki ua lawe ʻo ia i nā haʻawina mai ke kumu aʻo ʻo L. Kaan, akā i ka manawa like ua makemake ʻo ia i ka pena pena a hiki i ka makahiki 17 ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻoholo i kahi o nā ʻoihana ʻelua e makemake ai. Hāʻawi ʻo Brendle i ke kuleana e koho ... i ka lehulehu: ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i kahi hōʻikeʻike o kāna mau kiʻi pena ma Graz, kahi i neʻe ai ka ʻohana, a hāʻawi i kahi ʻaha mele. Me he mea lā, ua lilo ka holomua o ka mea hoʻokani piano i mea nui, no ka mea, i kēia manawa ua koho ʻia ke koho.

• Piano mele ma ka hale kūʻai pūnaewele Ozon →

ʻO ka milestone mua ma ke ala noʻeau o Brendel ka lanakila ma 1949 ma ka hoʻokūkū Piano Busoni i hoʻokumu hou ʻia ma Bolzano. Ua kaulana ʻo ia iā ia (he haʻahaʻa loa), akā ʻo ka mea nui, ua hoʻoikaika ʻo ia i kona manaʻo e hoʻomaikaʻi. No kekahi mau makahiki ua hele ʻo ia i nā papa mastery i alakaʻi ʻia e Edwin Fischer ma Lucerne, e lawe ana i nā haʻawina mai P. Baumgartner a me E. Steuermann. Noho ʻo Brendel ma Vienna, hui pū ʻo Brendel i ka galaxy o nā mea hoʻokani piano maikaʻi i hele i mua ma hope o ke kaua ma Austria, akā i ka wā mua, noho ʻo ia i kahi wahi kaulana ma mua o kāna mau ʻelele ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai ua kaulana loa lākou a pau ma ʻEulopa a ma waho, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Brendle he "hoʻohiki". A he kūlohelohe kēia i kekahi ʻano. ʻAʻole like me kona mau hoa hoa, ua koho ʻo ia, malia paha, i ka pololei loa, akā mamao loa mai ke ala maʻalahi loa i ka ʻoihana: ʻaʻole ʻo ia i pani iā ​​​​ia iho i loko o ke keʻena keʻena-academic framework, e like me Badura-Skoda, ʻaʻole i huli i ke kōkua o nā mea kani kahiko. e like me Demus, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i loea i hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau mea kākau, e like me Hebler, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i wikiwiki "mai Beethoven a jazz a hoʻi", e like me Gulda. Ua makemake wale ʻo ia e lilo iā ia iho, ʻo ia hoʻi, he mea hoʻokani pila "maʻamau". A ua loaʻa ka uku, akā ʻaʻole koke.

Ma ka waena o 60s, hiki iā Brendel ke huakaʻi a puni nā ʻāina he nui, kipa ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma nā moʻolelo ma laila, ma ka manaʻo o ka hui Vox, kokoke kokoke i ka hōʻiliʻili piha o nā hana piano a Beethoven. ʻO ka pōʻai o ka makemake o ka mea pena kiʻi ʻōpio ua ākea loa ia manawa. Ma waena o nā hoʻopaʻa leo a Brendle, e ʻike mākou i nā hana i mamao loa i ka pae no ka mea hoʻokani piano o kāna hanauna - Nā kiʻi a Mussorgsky ma kahi Hōʻikeʻike, Balakirev's Islamey. ʻO Stravinsky's Petrushka, Pieces (op. 19) a me Concerto (op. 42) na Schoenberg, nā hana a R. Strauss a me Busoni's Contrapuntal Fantasy, a ma hope o Prokofiev's Fifth Concerto. Me kēia, ʻo Brendle he nui a makemake ʻia i nā hui keʻena: ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo ia i ka pōʻai Schubert "The Beautiful Miller's Girl" me G. Prey, Bartok's Sonata for Two Pianos with Percussion, Beethoven's and Mozart's Piano and Wind Quintets, Brahms 'Hungarian Hula a me Stravinsky's Concerto no ʻElua Piano… Akā ma ka puʻuwai o kāna repertoire, no nā mea a pau, ʻo ia nā mele Viennese - Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, a me - Liszt a me Schumann. I ka makahiki 1962, ua ʻike ʻia kāna ahiahi Beethoven ma ke ʻano he kiʻekiʻe o ka Hui Vienna e hiki mai ana. "ʻAʻole kānalua ʻo Brandl ka ʻelele nui loa o ke kula ʻōpio Viennese," i kākau ai ka mea hoʻohewa ʻo F. Vilnauer i kēlā manawa. "Ke kani nei ʻo Beethoven iā ia me he mea lā ua kamaʻāina ʻo ia i nā hoʻokō o nā mea kākau o kēia wā. Hāʻawi ia i ka hōʻoia hōʻeuʻeu ma waena o ka pae o ka haku mele a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka noʻonoʻo o nā unuhi ʻōlelo aia kahi pilina i loko, kahi mea kakaʻikahi i waena o nā hana maʻamau a me nā virtuosos e hana nei i loko o kā mākou keʻena ʻaha mele. He hōʻoia i ka manaʻo wehewehe hohonu o kēia manawa o ka mea pena. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he loea e like me I. Kaiser "he piano philosopher ma ke kahua ʻo Beethoven, Liszt, Schubert", a ʻo ka hui pū ʻana o kahi ʻano ʻino a me ka naʻauao naʻauao e loaʻa iā ia ka inoa i kapa ʻia ʻo "wild piano philosopher". Ma waena o nā pono kānalua o kāna pāʻani, hoʻohālikelike ka poʻe hoʻohewa i ka ikaika o ka noʻonoʻo a me ka manaʻo, kahi ʻike maikaʻi loa i nā kānāwai o ke ʻano, architectonics, ka loiloi a me ka nui o nā gradations ikaika, a me ka noʻonoʻo o ka hoʻolālā hana. "Hoʻokani ʻia kēia e kahi kanaka i ʻike a maopopo i ke kumu a me ke ala hea e ulu ai ke ʻano sonata," i kākau ai ʻo Kaiser, e pili ana i kāna wehewehe ʻana iā Beethoven.

Me keia, he nui na hemahema o ka hookanikani ana a Brendle i ike ia ia manawa - ke ano, ka manao, ka nawaliwali o ka cantilena, ka hiki ole ke hoike aku i ka nani o na mele maalahi; ʻAʻole me ke kumu ʻole i aʻo aku ai kekahi o ka poʻe loiloi iā ia e hoʻolohe pono i ka wehewehe ʻana a E. Gilels i ka sonata a Beethoven (Op. 3, No. 2) "i mea e maopopo ai ka mea huna i loko o kēia mele." ʻIke ʻia, ua hoʻolohe ka mea kiʻi ponoʻī a me ka naʻauao i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo, no ka mea ua maʻalahi kāna pāʻani, akā i ka manawa like ʻoi aku ka hōʻike, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.

ʻO ka lele maikaʻi i loaʻa i lawe mai iā Brendle i ka ʻike honua ma ka hopena o 60s. ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kona kaulana ʻo ia he ʻahamele ma London's Wigmore Hall, a ma hope iho ua hāʻule maoli ka kaulana a me nā ʻaelike ma luna o ka mea pena. Mai ia manawa, ua pāʻani a hoʻopaʻa ʻo ia i nā mea he nui, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana, akā naʻe, ʻo kona ʻano maoli i ke koho ʻana a me ke aʻo ʻana i nā hana.

ʻAʻole ʻo Brendle, me ka laulā o kāna mau makemake, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoikaika e lilo i mea hoʻokani piano honua, akā, ma kahi ʻē aʻe, ua makemake ʻo ia i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana iā ia iho i ka repertory sphere. ʻO kāna mau papahana ʻo Beethoven (nona sonata i hoʻopaʻa ʻelua i nā moʻolelo), ka hapa nui o nā hana a Schubert, Mozart, Liszt, Brahms, Schumann. ʻAʻole naʻe ʻo ia e pāʻani iā ​​Bach (e manaʻoʻiʻo ana he pono kēia i nā mea kani kahiko) a me Chopin ("makemake wau i kāna mele, akā makemake nui ia i ka ʻoihana, a hoʻoweliweli kēia iaʻu i ka nalowale ʻana o ka pilina me nā mea haku mele ʻē aʻe").

Ke noho mau nei ka hoʻopuka ʻana, piha ka naʻau, ua ʻoi aku ka lōkahi o kāna pāʻani ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nani o ke kani, ʻoi aku ka waiwai o ka ʻōlelo. Hōʻike ʻia ma kēia ʻano kāna hana ʻana i ka concerto a Schoenberg, ʻo ia wale nō ka mea haku mele o kēia manawa, me Prokofiev, ka mea i noho i ka repertoire o ka piano. Wahi a kekahi o nā mea hoʻohewa, ua hoʻokokoke ʻo ia i ka manaʻo maikaʻi, ʻo kāna wehewehe ʻana ma mua o Gould, "no ka mea, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i ka hoʻopakele ʻana i ka nani a Schoenberg i makemake ai, akā ʻaʻole i kipaku."

Ua hele ʻo Alfred Brendel ma ke ala pololei a kūlohelohe mai kahi virtuoso novice i kahi mea hoʻokani pila. "ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia wale nō ka mea i hoʻāpono piha i nā manaʻolana i kau ʻia ma luna ona i kēlā manawa," i kākau ai ʻo I. Harden, e pili ana i ka ʻōpio o kēlā hanauna o nā mea hoʻokani piano Viennese nona ʻo Brendel. Eia naʻe, e like me ke ala pololei i koho ʻia e Brendle ʻaʻole i maʻalahi loa, pēlā nō i kēia manawa ua mamao loa kona hiki mai ka pau ʻana. Hōʻike maopopo ʻia kēia ʻaʻole wale ma kāna mau ʻaha mele a me kāna hoʻopaʻa leo ʻana, akā ma o nā hana hoʻomau ʻole a me nā ʻano like ʻole a Brendel ma nā ʻano hana like ʻole. Ke hoʻomau nei ʻo ia i ka hana i loko o nā hui keʻena, a i ʻole e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā haku mele ʻehā a Schubert me Evelyn Crochet, ka mea lanakila o ka Tchaikovsky Competition a mākou i ʻike ai, a i ʻole e hoʻokani ana i nā pōʻai leo a Schubert me D. Fischer-Dieskau ma nā keʻena nui loa ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika; kākauʻo ia i nā puke a me nāʻatikala, nā haʻi'ōlelo e pili ana i nā pilikia o ka unuhiʻana i nā mele a Schumann a me Beethoven. Hoʻokahi pahuhopu nui kēia mau mea - e hoʻoikaika i nā pilina me nā mele a me nā mea hoʻolohe, a ua hiki i kā mākou poʻe hoʻolohe ke ʻike i kēia "me ko lākou mau maka ponoʻī" i ka huakaʻi a Brendel ma USSR i ka makahiki 1988.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya., 1990