Nazib Zhiganov |
Contents
Nazib Zhiganov
Nā mele, i loko o koʻu ʻuhane ua ulu au i kāu mau mea kanu ...
ʻO kēia laina mai ka "Moabit Notebook" a Musa Jalil hiki ke hoʻopili pono ʻia i ke mele a kāna hoaaloha a me kāna hoa hana hana ʻo N. Zhiganov. Ma muli o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā mele mele ʻo Tatar, ua loaʻa iā ia nā ala kumu a me nā hua maikaʻi no kona pilina ola me nā kumu hoʻomohala o nā mele mele honua. Ma luna o kēia kumu i ulu ai kāna hana akamai a me kāna hana kumu - 8 opera, 3 ballets, 17 symphonies, nā hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻāpana piano, nā mele, nā mele.
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Zhiganov i loko o kahi ʻohana papa hana. Ma hope o ka nalo ʻana o kona mau mākua i ka wā mua, ua noho ʻo ia i nā makahiki he nui i nā keiki makua ʻole. ʻO ka ʻoliʻoli a me ka ikaika, ua kū ʻo Nazib i ʻike ʻia ma waena o nā haumāna o ka Ural Pioneer Commune me kāna mau mele koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka makemake no ke aʻo koʻikoʻi e alakaʻi iā ia i Kazan, kahi i 1928 i komo ai ʻo ia i ka Kazan Musical College. I ka hāʻule o ka makahiki 1931, ua lilo ʻo Zhiganov i haumāna ma ke kula ʻo Moscow Regional Music College (i kēia manawa ke kula mele ma ka Conservatory Moscow). ʻO ka kūleʻa hana i ʻae iā Nazib, ma ka ʻōlelo a N. Myaskovsky, i ka makahiki 1935 e lilo i haumāna ʻekolu makahiki ma ka Conservatory Moscow i ka papa o kāna kumu mua, ʻo Professor G. Litinsky. ʻO ka hopena o nā hana nui i hana ʻia i nā makahiki Conservatory i lilo i mea enviable: i ka makahiki 1938, i ka ʻaha mele symphony mua, i wehe i ka Tatar State Philharmonic, ua hana ʻia kāna Symphony Mua, a ma Iune 17, 1939, kahi hana o ka opera. Ua wehe ʻo Kachkyn (The Fugitive, lib. A Fayzi) i ka Tatar State Opera and Ballet Theatre. ʻO kahi mele hoʻohiwahiwa o nā hana heroic a ka poʻe ma ka inoa o ka Motherland - a ʻo kēia kumuhana, me ka "Kachkyn", ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka opera "Irek" ("Freedom", 1940), "Ildar" (1942). , "Tyulyak" (1945), "Namus" ("Hoʻohanohano, 1950), - ua hoʻokomo piha ka mea haku mele i kēia kumuhana kikowaena nona i kāna mau hana kiʻekiʻe - ma ka mōʻaukala a me ka moʻolelo opera "Altynchach" ("Golden-Haired", 1941, free. M. Jalil) a ma ka opera-poem "Jalil" (1957, lib. A. Faizi). Hoʻopili ʻia nā hana ʻelua me ka hohonu o ka naʻau a me ka noʻonoʻo a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo maoli o ke mele, me ke mele hoʻohālikelike e mālama ana i ke kumu aupuni, a me ka hui pū ʻana o nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻomohala a hoʻohui pū me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka symphonic.
ʻO ka hāʻawi nui ʻana o Zhiganov i ka symphonism Tatar e pili pū ana me ka opera. ʻO ka symphonic poem "Kyrlai" (e pili ana i ka moʻolelo "Shurale" na G. Tukay), ka mea hoʻokani mele "Nafisa", ka suite Symphonic novels a me nā mele Symphonic, 17 symphonies, hui pū ʻia, ua ʻike ʻia he mau mokuna mālamalama o ka symphonic. moʻolelo: ola nā kiʻi o nā moʻolelo kanaka naʻauao, a laila paʻi ʻia nā kiʻi hoʻohiwahiwa o ke ʻano maoli, a laila ʻike ʻia nā hui ʻana o nā hakakā meʻe, a laila huki nā mele i loko o ke ao o nā manaʻo mele, a ʻo nā ʻano o ka poʻe i kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole ke ʻano kupaianaha. pani ʻia e ka hōʻike ʻana i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka manaʻo hoʻokumu, keʻano o ka manaʻo o ka mea haku mele o Zhiganov,ʻo ia ke kumu no nā hana o ka Conservatory Kazan, ka hana a me ka hoʻomaluʻana i hāʻawiʻia iā ia i ka makahiki 1945. No nā makahiki he 40, ua alakaʻiʻo ia i ka hana o ke aʻoʻana i kaʻoihana kiʻekiʻe ma kāna. na haumana.
Ma ka laʻana o ka hana a Zhiganov, ua hōʻike piha ʻia nā hopena o kahi haunaele kipi maoli i ka mōʻaukala o nā moʻomeheu mele pentatonic mua o nā repubalika kūʻokoʻa aupuni o ka ʻāina Volga, Siberia a me nā Urals. ʻO nā ʻaoʻao maikaʻi loa o kāna hoʻoilina hoʻoilina, i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka manaʻo maikaʻi o ke ola, nā ʻano like ʻole o ka intonational hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻōlelo mele, ua lawe i kahi kūpono i loko o ka waihona kālā o nā mele mele Tatar.
ʻAe. Kanaka Girshman
Nā haku mele:
kahawai (nā lā hana, nā mea a pau i ka Tatar Opera a me Ballet Theatre) - Kachkyn (Beglets, 1939), Irek (Cvoboda, 1940), Altynchach (Zolotovolosaya, 1941), Poet (1947), Ildar (1942, 2nd ed. - Road Pobedy. , 1954), Tyulyak (1945, 2nd ed. - Tyulyak and Cousylu, 1967), Hamus (Chest, 1950), Jalil (1957); baleta – Fatih (1943), Zyugra (1946), ʻElua moʻolelo (Zyugra a me Hzheri, 1970); cantata – Koʻu Repubalika (1960); no ka hookani pila - 4 symphonies (1937; 2nd - Sabantuy, 1968; 3rd - Lyric, 1971; 4th, 1973), symphonic poem Kyrlay (1946), Suite on Tatar folk themes (1949), Symphonic songs (1965) , Nafis Overture (1952) , Symphonic Novels (1964), keena-mea kani, piano, hana leo; aloha, mele, etc.
