Eduard Frantsevich Napravnik |

ʻO Eduard Nápravník

Alakai. “Harold”. E mālie, e ke aloha (M. May-Fiegner)

Ua komo ʻo Napravnik i ka mōʻaukala o nā mele Lūkini ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi alakaʻi a me ka haku mele akamai. Loaʻa iā ia he 4 opera, 4 symphonies, orchestral, a piano concerto, chamber ensembles, choirs, romances, compositions for pianoforte, violin, cello, etc. Ma ke ʻano he haku mele, ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā Napravnik kahi ʻano hoʻolālā nani; ʻO kāna mau hana i hōʻailona ʻia e ka mana o nā haku mele like ʻole a, ʻoi aku ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, na Tchaikovsky. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hana maikaʻi loa a Napravnik, ʻo ka opera Dubrovsky, loaʻa i ka ʻoihana kiʻi nui; Ua kaulana ʻo ia i ka mea kākau.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Eduard Frantsevich Napravnik, he Czech ma ka lāhui, ma ʻAukake 12 (24), 1839 ma Bohemia (ma ke kauhale o Beishta, kokoke i Kenigrets). He kumu kula kona makuakāne, he alakaʻi himeni o ka halepule a he mea hoʻokani ʻoka. Ua aʻo ʻia ka mea haku mele e hiki mai ana ma ke Kula Organ ma Prague. I ka makahiki 1861, ua neʻe ʻo Napravnik i St. Petersburg, kahi i loaʻa ai kona home lua. ʻElua mau makahiki ma hope mai ua lilo ʻo ia i kumu aʻo a me ka mea hoʻokalakupua ma ka Mariinsky Theatre. Mai ka makahiki 1869 a hiki i ka pau ana o kona ola ana, noho mau o Napravnik i alakai alakai nui o keia keaka; Ua hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi i nā ʻaha mele symphony o ka Russian Musical Society.

Ma ka Mariinsky Theatre ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a Napravnik, ua aʻo ʻia a hoʻokani ʻia nā opera 80. ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻokele keaka, e noʻonoʻo ana i nā ʻono o nā pōʻai aristocratic, makemake ʻo ia i ka opera Italia, ua hoʻoikaika ʻo ia i ka hana a nā haku mele Lūkini. Ua hoʻokani ʻo ia i nā hana keaka mua a Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov (Tchaikovsky, Rubinstein, Serov; ʻO ka opera a Glinka ʻo Ruslan lāua ʻo Lyudmila i hoʻokani mua ʻia me ka ʻoki ʻole ʻia a hoʻololi ʻia ma lalo o ka pahu o Napravnik.

Hoʻokumu pū ʻo Napravnik i kāna mau keaka ponoʻī ma ka Mariinsky Theatre: The Nizhny Novgorod People (libretto na PI Kalashnikov, 1868), Harold (ma muli o ke keaka a E. Wildenbruch, 1885), a me Dubrovsky (ma muli o ka moʻolelo a AS Pushkin, 1894. ) a me "Francesca da Rimini" (ma muli o ka pōʻino a S. Philipps, 1902).

Ua make ʻo Napravnik ma St. Petersburg ma Nowemapa 10 (23), 1916.

M. Druskin

• Eduard Napravnik ma ka Imperial Russian Opera →

ʻO ka haku mele a me ke alakaʻi Lūkini, ʻo Czech ma ka lāhui, noho ʻo ia ma St. Petersburg mai 1861. Mai ka makahiki 1867 he alakaʻi ʻo ia ma ka Mariinsky Theatre (ma 1869-1916 ʻo ia ke alakaʻi alakaʻi nui). Ua ho'okō 'ia ka hana mua o kekahi mau opera. Ma waena o lākou ʻo "The Stone Guest" na Dargomyzhsky (1); "Pskovite" (1872), "May Night" (1873), "Snow Maiden" (1880) Rimsky-Korsakov; ʻO Boris Godunov na Mussorgsky (1882), The Demon by Rubinstein (1874), The Maid of Orleans (1875), The Queen of Spades (1881), Iolanthe (1890) na Tchaikovsky; hana na Cui, Serov.

ʻO Faust (1), Carmen (1869), Verdi's Othello (1885) a me Falstaff (1887), Wagner's tetralogy Der Ring des Nibelungen (1894-1900) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Ma waena o nā hana a Napravnik, ua hā'ule ka lanakila nui loa ma ka opera Dubrovsky (1894), i noho ma nā kahua o nā hale keaka. No nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻike mākou iā "Francesca da Rimini" (1902, St. Petersburg). Ma keʻano laulā, ʻaʻole like ka manaʻo o ka hana a Napravnik ma ke ʻano he haku mele no ka moʻomeheu Lūkini e like me kāna hana ma ke kahua o ke alakaʻi.

E. Tsoodokov