Otto Nicolai |

Otto Nicolai

ʻO nā opera ʻelima a Nicolai, kahi mea hou o Schumann lāua ʻo Mendelssohn, hoʻokahi wale nō i ʻike ʻia, ʻo The Merry Wives of Windsor, i kaulana loa no ka hapalua kenekulia - a hiki i ka hopena o ke kenekulia XNUMX, ma mua o ka puka ʻana o Verdi's Falstaff, ka mea. Ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka manaʻo o ka mele hoʻokahi a Shakespeare.

ʻO Otto Nicolai, ka mea i hānau ʻia ma Iune 9, 1810 ma ke kapikala o East Prussia, Königsberg, ua ola ʻo ia i kahi ola pōkole akā ikaika. Ua ho'āʻo ka makua kāne, he haku mele kaulana, e hoʻokō i kāna mau hoʻolālā a me ka hana ʻana i kahi keiki prodigy mai kahi keikikāne maikaʻi. Na nā haʻawina ʻehaʻeha i hoʻoikaika iā Otto e hoʻāʻo e pakele mai ka hale o kona makuakāne, a ua kūleʻa hope i ka wā he ʻumikumamāono makahiki o ka ʻōpio. Mai ka makahiki 1827, ua noho ʻo ia ma Berlin, e aʻo ana i ka hīmeni ʻana, e hoʻokani ana i ka okana a me ka haku mele me ka haku mele kaulana, ke poʻo o ka Singing Chapel KF Zelter. ʻO B. Klein kāna kumu haku mele ma 1828-1830. Ma ke ʻano he lālā o ka Choir Choir Nicolai i ka makahiki 1829 ʻaʻole i komo wale i ka hana kaulana ʻo Bach's Passion e like me Matthew i alakaʻi ʻia e Mendelssohn, akā hīmeni pū kekahi i ke kuleana o Iesu.

I ka makahiki aʻe, ua paʻi ʻia ka hana mua a Nicolai. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o kāna mau haʻawina, loaʻa iā ia kahi hana ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani pila o ka ʻelele Prussian ma Roma a haʻalele iā Berlin. Ma Roma, ua aʻo ʻo ia i nā hana a nā haku ʻItalia kahiko, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Palestrina, hoʻomau i kāna aʻo ʻana i ka haku mele me G. Baini (1835) a loaʻa ka kaulana ma ke kapikala ʻo Italia ma ke ʻano he kumu piano a piano. I ka makahiki 1835, ua kākau ʻo ia i nā mele no ka make ʻana o Bellini, a ʻo ka mea aʻe - no ka make ʻana o ka mea mele kaulana ʻo Maria Malibran.

Kokoke he ʻumi makahiki o ka noho ʻana ma Italia ua hoʻopau pōkole ʻia e ka hana ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi alakaʻi a kumu hīmeni ma ka Vienna Court Opera (1837–1838). I ka hoʻi ʻana i Italia, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Nicolai e hana i nā opera i nā librettos Italian (ʻo kekahi o lākou i manaʻo mua ʻia no Verdi), e hōʻike ana i ka mana kānalua o nā mea haku mele kaulana loa o ia manawa - Bellini lāua ʻo Donizetti. No nā makahiki ʻekolu (1839–1841), ua hoʻokani ʻia nā keaka 4 a Nicolai a pau ma nā kūlanakauhale like ʻole o Italia, a ʻo ka Templar, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka puke moʻolelo ʻo Ivanhoe a Walter Scott, ua kaulana ʻia no nā makahiki he ʻumi: ua hoʻokani ʻia ma Naples, Vienna. a me Berlin, Barcelona a me Lisbon, Budapest a me Bucharest, Petersburg a me Copenhagen, Mexico City a me Buenos Aires.

Noho ʻo Nicolai i nā makahiki 1840 ma Vienna. Ke hoʻokani nei ʻo ia i kahi mana hou o kāna mau mele ʻItalia i unuhi ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Kelemānia. Ma waho aʻe o ka hana ʻana i nā hana ma ka Chapel Court, ke kaulana nei ʻo Nicolai ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻonohonoho i nā ʻaha mele philharmonic, kahi, ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi ka Beethoven's Ninth Symphony. I ka makahiki 1848 ua neʻe ʻo ia i Berlin, ua hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi o ka Court Opera a me ka Dome Cathedral. Ma Malaki 9, 1849, alakaʻi ka haku mele i ka hoʻomaka mua o kāna keaka maikaʻi loa, ʻo The Merry Wives of Windsor.

ʻElua mahina ma hope mai, i ka lā 11 o Mei, 1849, make ʻo Nicolai ma Berlin.

A. Koenigsberg