Ramon Vargas |

Ramon Vargas

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Ramon Vargas ma Mexico City a ʻo ia ka hiku o ka ʻohana o ʻeiwa mau keiki. I ka makahiki ʻeiwa, ua komo ʻo ia i ka hui mele o nā keiki kāne o ka Ekalesia Madonna o Guadalupe. ʻO kāna alakaʻi mele, he kahuna ia i aʻo ma ke Kulanui o Santa Cecilia. I ka makahiki he ʻumi, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Vargas ma ke ʻano he soloist ma ka Theatre of Arts. Ua hoʻomau ʻo Ramon i kāna aʻo ʻana ma ka Cardinal Miranda Institute of Music, kahi i alakaʻi ai ʻo Antonio Lopez lāua ʻo Ricardo Sanchez. I ka makahiki 1982, hana ʻo Ramón i kāna hoʻomaka mua ʻana iā Hayden ma Lo Special, Monterrey, a lanakila i ka Carlo Morelli National Vocal Competition. I ka makahiki 1986, lanakila ka mea pena kiʻi i ka Enrico Caruso Tenor Competition ma Milan. I kēlā makahiki hoʻokahi, neʻe ʻo Vargas i Austria a hoʻopau i kāna mau haʻawina ma ke kula leo o ka Vienna State Opera ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Leo Müller. I ka makahiki 1990, ua koho ka mea pena i ke ala o kahi "mea pena kiʻi manuahi" a hui me Rodolfo Celletti kaulana ma Milan, ʻo ia nō kāna kumu leo ​​a hiki i kēia lā. Ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi, hana ʻo ia i nā hana nui ma Zurich ("Fra Diavolo"), Marseille ("Lucia di Lammermoor"), Vienna ("Magic Flute").

I ka makahiki 1992, ua hana ʻo Vargas i kahi hoʻomaka mua honua: ua kono ka New York Metropolitan Opera i kahi tenor e pani iā ​​​​Luciano Pavarotti ma Lucia de Lammermoor, me June Anderson. I ka makahiki 1993, ua hana ʻo ia i kāna hana mua ma La Scala ma Fenton ma kahi hana hou o Falstaff i alakaʻi ʻia e Giorgio Strehler lāua ʻo Riccardo Muti. I ka makahiki 1994, ua loaʻa iā Vargas ke kuleana hanohano e wehe i ka manawa ma ka Met me ka hui o ke Duke ma Rigoletto. Mai ia manawa, ua lilo ʻo ia i mea hoʻonani i nā pae nui a pau - ka Metropolitan, La Scala, Covent Garden, Bastille Opera, Colon, Arena di Verona, Real Madrid a me nā mea he nui.

I ka wā o kāna ʻoihana, ua hana ʻo Vargas ma mua o 50 mau kuleana, ʻo ia ka mea nui loa: Riccardo ma Un ballo in maschera, Manrico ma Il trovatore, ke poʻo inoa ma Don Carlos, ke Duke ma Rigoletto, Alfred ma La traviata na J. Verdi, Edgardo ma "Lucia di Lammermoor" a me Nemorino ma "Love Potion" na G. Donizetti, Rudolph ma "La Boheme" na G. Puccini, Romeo ma "Romeo and Juliet" na C. Gounod, Lensky ma "Eugene Onegin” na P. Tchaikovsky . Ma waena o nā hana koʻikoʻi o ka mea mele, ʻo ia ke kuleana o Rudolf i ka opera a G. Verdi ʻo "Luise Miller", āna i hana mua ai ma kahi hana hou ma Munich, ka inoa paria ma "Idomeneo" na W. Mozart ma ka Salzburg Festival a ma Palika; ʻO Chevalier de Grieux ma "Manon" na J. Massenet, Gabriele Adorno ma ka opera "Simon Boccanegra" na G. Verdi, Don Ottavio ma "Don Giovanni" ma ka Metropolitan Opera, Hoffmann ma "The Tales of Hoffmann" na J. Offenbach ma La Scala.

Hāʻawi ikaika ʻo Ramon Vargas i nā ʻahamele a puni ka honua. ʻO kāna papa mele ʻaha mele ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi - he mele Italia maʻamau kēia, a he mele Kelemania Lieder, a me nā mele a nā mea haku Palani, Sepania a me Mekiko o nā kenekulia 19 a me 20.

ʻO ka tenor Mekiko ʻo Ramón Vargas kekahi o nā mele ʻōpio maikaʻi loa o ko mākou manawa, e hana kūleʻa ana ma nā pae maikaʻi loa o ka honua. ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua komo ʻo ia i ka hoʻokūkū ʻo Enrico Caruso ma Milan, a ua lilo ia i punawai no ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO ia ka manawa i ʻōlelo ai ka tenor kaulana ʻo Giuseppe Di Stefano e pili ana i ka ʻōpio Mekiko: "I ka hope loa ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi mele maikaʻi. He leo liʻiliʻi ʻo Vargas, akā he ʻano ʻālohilohi a me ka ʻenehana maikaʻi loa.

Manaʻo ʻo Vargas ua loaʻa iā ia ka waiwai ma ke kapikala ʻo Lombard. Hīmeni nui ʻo ia ma Italia, a ua lilo ʻo ia i hale lua ona. I ka makahiki i hala, ua ʻike ʻo ia iā ia e paʻa me nā hana koʻikoʻi o Verdi operas: ma La Scala Vargas hīmeni ʻo Requiem a me Rigoletto me Riccardo Muti, ma United States ua hana ʻo ia i ke kuleana o Don Carlos ma ka opera o ka inoa hoʻokahi, ʻaʻole e haʻi i ka mele a Verdi. , ana i mele ai ma Nu Ioka. Ioka, Verona a me Tokyo. Ke kamaʻilio nei ʻo Ramon Vargas me Luigi Di Fronzo.

Pehea ʻoe i hoʻokokoke ai i ke mele?

Ua like koʻu mau makahiki me kaʻu keiki ʻo Fernando i kēia manawa - ʻelima a me ka hapa. Ua himeni au ma ka papa himeni o na keiki o ka Ekalesia o Madonna o Guadalupe ma Mexico City. ʻO kā mākou alakaʻi mele, he kahuna ia i aʻo ma ka Accademia Santa Cecilia. ʻO kēia keʻano i hoʻokumuʻia ai koʻu kumu mele:ʻaʻole wale ma keʻano o kaʻenehana, akā, ma kaʻike o nāʻano. Ua hīmeni mākou i nā mele Gregorian, akā nā hana polyphonic mai nā kenekulia ʻumikūmāhiku a me ʻumikūmāwalu, me nā haku mele a Mozart lāua ʻo Vivaldi. Ua hana ʻia kekahi mau haku mele no ka manawa mua, e like me ka Mass of Pope Marcellus Palestrina. He mea kupaianaha a hoihoi loa ia i koʻu ola. Ua hoʻopau wau i koʻu hoʻomaka ʻana ma ke ʻano he soloist ma ka Arts Theater i koʻu mau makahiki he ʻumi.

He mea kānalua ʻole kēia ka pono o kekahi kumu…

ʻAe, loaʻa iaʻu kekahi kumu hīmeni ʻokoʻa, ʻo Antonio Lopez. Ua akahele loa ʻo ia i ke ʻano leo o kāna mau haumāna. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa loa o ka mea e hana nei ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi o ka pākēneka o ka poʻe mele e hoʻokō nei i kahi ʻoihana he ludicrous ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka helu i loaʻa ka leo a me ke aʻo ʻana i nā leo. No ka mea, pono ka mea hoʻonaʻauao e paipai i ka haumāna e hahai i kona ʻano kikoʻī, ʻoiai e hoʻohana mau ʻia nā ʻano hana ʻino. ʻO ka mea ʻino loa o nā kumu e koi iā ʻoe e hoʻohālike i kekahi ʻano mele. A ʻo ia ka hopena.

ʻO kekahi, e like me Di Stefano, hoʻopaʻapaʻa he mea liʻiliʻi nā kumu i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka instinct. ʻAe ʻoe i kēia?

ʻAe like. No ka mea, inā ʻaʻohe ʻano a me ka leo maikaʻi, ʻaʻole hiki i ka hoʻomaikaʻi pope ke hoʻomele iā ʻoe. Aia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa. Ua ʻike ka mōʻaukala o nā hana hana i nā leo "hana" maikaʻi loa, e like me Alfredo Kraus, no ka laʻana (ʻoiai e ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo wau ʻo Kraus fan). A, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, aia nā mea hana kiʻi i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi talena kūlohelohe i haʻi ʻia, e like me José Carreras, ʻo ia ka mea kūʻē pololei o Kraus.

He ʻoiaʻiʻo paha i nā makahiki mua o kou kūleʻa ua hele mau ʻoe i Milan e aʻo pū me Rodolfo Celletti?

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei ua lawe au i nā haʻawina mai iā ia a i kēia lā mākou e hui ai i kekahi manawa. He ʻano a he kumu ʻo Celletti no kahi moʻomeheu nui. Naʻauao a maikaʻi ka ʻono.

He aha ka haʻawina a ka poʻe mele nui i aʻo ai i nā mea pena o kou hanauna?

Pono e ho'āla hou ʻia ko lākou manaʻo keaka a me ke ʻano kūlohelohe i nā koina āpau. Manaʻo pinepine au e pili ana i ke ʻano lyrical i hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea hoʻokani kaʻao e like me Caruso a me Di Stefano, akā e pili ana hoʻi i ke ʻano o ka hana keaka e nalowale nei. Ke noi aku nei au iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo pono iaʻu: ʻo ka maʻemaʻe a me ka pololei philological e pili ana i ka mea kumu he mea nui loa, akā ʻaʻole pono e poina kekahi e pili ana i ka maʻalahi expressive, ka mea, i ka hopena, hāʻawi i nā manaʻo ʻoi loa. Pono e hōʻalo ʻia nā hoʻonui kūpono ʻole.

ʻŌlelo pinepine ʻoe iā Aureliano Pertile. No ke aha mai?

No ka mea, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo Pertile kekahi o nā leo nani loa o ka honua, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia e ka maʻemaʻe o ka hoʻopuka leo a me ka hōʻike ʻana, kekahi o nā ʻano. Mai kēia manaʻo, ua aʻo ʻo Pertile i kahi haʻawina poina ʻole i kahi ʻano i hoʻomaopopo ʻole ʻia i kēia lā. Pono e loiloi hou ʻia kona kūpaʻa ʻana ma ke ʻano he unuhi ʻōlelo, he mele me ka ʻole o ka uē a me ka spasms. Ua hahai ʻo Pertile i kahi kuʻuna mai ka wā kahiko mai. Ua kokoke loa ʻo ia iā Gigli ma mua o Caruso. ʻO wau kekahi mea mahalo nui iā Gigli.

No ke aha i "kūpono" ai nā alakaʻi no ka opera a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i maʻalahi i ke ʻano?

ʻAʻole maopopo iaʻu, akā no ka mea mele he kuleana nui kēia ʻokoʻa. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻike ʻia kekahi ʻano ʻano ma waena o kekahi o ka lehulehu: ke hele ka mea alakaʻi i mua, me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i ka mea mele ma ke kahua. A i ʻole i ka wā e “uhi” ai kekahi o ka pahu alakaʻi nui i nā leo ma luna o ke kahua, e koi ana mai ka ʻaha mele i ke kani ikaika loa a ʻālohilohi. Aia nō naʻe nā alakaʻi me ka maikaʻi ke hana. Nā inoa? Muti, Levine a me Viotti. Leʻaleʻa ka poʻe mele ke mele maikaʻi ka mea hīmeni. E leʻaleʻa ana i ka leo kiʻekiʻe nani me he mea lā e pāʻani ana lākou me ka mea hīmeni.

He aha ka hoʻolauleʻa ʻana o Verdi i hana ʻia ma nā wahi a pau i ka makahiki 2001 i lilo no ka honua o ka opera?

He manawa koʻikoʻi kēia o ka ulu pū ʻana, no ka mea ʻo Verdi ka iwi kuamoʻo o ka hale opera. ʻOiai ke aloha nei au iā Puccini, ʻo Verdi, mai koʻu manaʻo, ʻo ia ka mea kākau i hoʻokomo i ka ʻuhane o ka melodrama ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole wale ma muli o ke mele, akā no ka pāʻani noʻonoʻo maʻalahi ma waena o nā mea.

Pehea ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka manaʻo o ka honua ke loaʻa ka lanakila i ka mea mele?

Aia ka pilikia e lilo i mea waiwai. No ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kaʻa ikaika hou aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā lole nani, nā waiwai waiwai ma nā kihi a pau o ka honua. Pono e pale ʻia kēia pilikia no ka mea he mea nui ʻaʻole e ʻae i ke kālā e hoʻohuli iā ʻoe. Ke ho'āʻo nei au e hana i ka hana aloha. ʻOiai ʻaʻole wau he manaʻoʻiʻo, manaʻo wau e hoʻihoʻi wau i ke kaiāulu i ka mea a ke ʻano i hāʻawi mai iaʻu me ke mele. I kekahi hihia, aia ka pilikia. He mea nui, e like me ka ʻōlelo a ka ʻōlelo, ʻaʻole e huikau i ka holomua me ka pono.

Hiki paha i ka holomua i manaʻo ʻole ke hoʻololi i ka ʻoihana o ka mea mele?

Ma kahi manaʻo, ʻae, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia ka pilikia maoli. I kēia lā, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā palena o ka opera. ʻAʻole wale no ka mea, pōmaikaʻi, ʻaʻohe kaua a i ʻole maʻi maʻi e koi ana i nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pani a hana i nā kūlanakauhale a me nā ʻāina i hiki ʻole ke komo, akā no ka mea ua lilo ka opera i mea ʻike honua. ʻO ka pilikia, makemake ka poʻe mele a pau e huakaʻi i ka honua me ka ʻole e hōʻole i nā kono ma nā ʻāina ʻehā. E noʻonoʻo i ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ke kiʻi i hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki i hala a me ke ʻano o kēia lā. Akā paʻakikī a paʻakikī kēia ʻano o ke ola. Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau manawa i hana ʻia ai nā ʻokiʻoki i nā opera: ʻelua a ʻekolu aria, kahi duet kaulana, kahi hui, a ua lawa. I kēia manawa, hana lākou i nā mea a pau i kākau ʻia, inā ʻaʻole ʻoi aku.

Makemake ʻoe i nā mele māmā…

ʻO koʻu makemake kahiko kēia. ʻO Michael Jackson, nā Beatles, nā mea pena jazz, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mele i haku ʻia e ka poʻe, ka papa haʻahaʻa o ke kaiāulu. Ma o ia mea, hōʻike ka poʻe i ʻeha.

Nīnauele me Ramon Vargas i paʻi ʻia ma ka puke ʻo Amadeus i ka makahiki 2002. ʻO ka hoʻolaha a me ka unuhi ʻana mai ka ʻItalia e Irina Sorokina.