Rudolf Kempe (Rudolf Kempe) |
Rudolf Kempe
ʻAʻohe mea pīhoihoi a i manaʻo ʻole ʻia i ka hana hana a Rudolf Kempe. Me ka liʻiliʻi, i kēlā me kēia makahiki, i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kūlana hou, i ka makahiki he kanalima ua neʻe ʻo ia i nā kūlana o nā alakaʻi alakaʻi o ʻEulopa. Hoʻokumu ʻia kāna mau hana kiʻi i ka ʻike paʻa o ka orchestra, a ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha, no ka mea, ʻo ka mea alakaʻi ponoʻī, e like me kā lākou e ʻōlelo nei, "ua ulu ʻo ia i ka orchestra." I ka wā kamaliʻi, ua hele ʻo ia i nā papa ma ke kula orchestra ma ka Saxon State Chapel ma kāna kamaʻāina ʻo Dresden, kahi i kaulana ai kāna mau kumu i nā mea hoʻokani pila o ke kūlanakauhale - conductor K. Strigler, pianist W. Bachmann a me oboist I. König. ʻO ia ka oboe i lilo i mea kani punahele o ka mea alakaʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana, i ka makahiki he ʻumikūmāwalu i hoʻokani ʻia ma ka console mua ma ka orchestra o ka Dortmund Opera, a laila ma ka Gewandhaus orchestra kaulana (1929-1933).
Akā, no ka nui o ke aloha i ka oboe, makemake nui ka mea hoʻokani pila. Ua komo ʻo ia i ka Dresden Opera ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi alakaʻi a hoʻomaka i kāna hana mua ma 1936, e alakaʻi ana iā Lortzing's The Poacher. A laila ma hope o nā makahiki o ka hana ma Chemnitz (1942-1947), kahi i hele ai ʻo Kempe mai ka haku mele a i ke alakaʻi alakaʻi o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a laila ma Weimar, kahi i kono ʻia ai ʻo ia e ke alakaʻi mele o ka National Theatre (1948), a i ka hopena, i hoʻokahi. o na hale keaka kahiko loa ma Germany - Dresden Opera (1949-1951). ʻO ka hoʻi ʻana i kona ʻāina hānau a me ka hana ʻana ma laila ua lilo ia i manawa hoʻoholo i ka ʻoihana o ka mea pena. Ua lilo ka mea hoʻokani pila i mea kūpono i ka mana mamao, ma hope o Schuh, Bush, Boehm ...
Mai kēia manawa e hoʻomaka ai ka kaulana honua o Kempe. I ka makahiki 1950, ua huakaʻi ʻo ia ma Vienna no ka manawa mua, a i ka makahiki aʻe ua lilo ʻo ia i poʻo o ka Bavarian National Opera ma Munich, e pani ana iā G. Solti i kēia pou. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea a pau ua hoihoi ʻia ʻo Kempe i nā huakaʻi. ʻO ia ke alakaʻi alakaʻi Kelemania mua i hele mai i ʻAmelika ma hope o ke kaua: Na Kempe i alakaʻi iā Arabella a me Tannhäuser ma laila; Ua hana maikaʻi ʻo ia ma ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻo London "Covent Garden" "Ring of the Nibelung"; Ma Salzburg ua kono ʻia ʻo ia e hoʻokūkū i ka Palestrina o Pfitzner. A laila, hahai ka holomua i ka holomua. ʻO nā huakaʻi Kempe ma ka Edinburgh Festivals, e hoʻokani mau ana ma West Berlin Philharmonic, ma ka Radio Italia. I ka makahiki 1560, ua hana ʻo ia i kāna hoʻomaka mua ma Bayreuth, alakaʻi i ka "Ring of the Nibelungen" a ma hope i hana ʻia ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa ma ke "kūlanakauhale o Wagner". Ua alakaʻi pū ka mea alakaʻi i ka London Royal Philharmonic a me Zurich Orchestras. ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā pilina me ka Dresden Chapel.
I kēia manawa ʻaneʻane ʻaʻohe ʻāina ma ʻEulopa Komohana, ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me ʻAmelika Hema, kahi i alakaʻi ʻole ai ʻo Rudolf Kempe. Ua kaulana kona inoa i nā mea aloha.
"Hōʻike ʻo Kempe iā mākou i ke ʻano o ka conductor virtuosity," i kākau ai kekahi mea hoʻohewa Kelemania. "Me ka hoʻopaʻi hao, hana ʻo ia ma ka helu ma hope o ka helu ʻana i mea e hoʻokō ai i ka mākaukau piha o nā mea hana kiʻi, e hiki ai iā ia ke kālai maʻalahi a manuahi i kahi ʻano me ka ʻole o ka hele ʻana i nā palena o ke kuleana noʻeau. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole maʻalahi kēia, ʻoiai ʻo ia i aʻo ai i ka opera ma hope o ka opera, ʻāpana i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana, ʻaʻole wale mai ka manaʻo o ke alakaʻi, akā, mai ka ʻike o ka ʻike ʻuhane. A no laila hiki iā ia ke kapa i "kona" repertoire ākea loa. Hana ʻo ia iā Bach me ka ʻike piha i nā kuʻuna āna i aʻo ai ma Leipzig. Akā, ke alakaʻi nei ʻo ia i nā hana a Richard Strauss me ka hauʻoli a me ka hoʻolaʻa, e like me ka mea hiki iā ia ke hana ma Dresden, kahi i loaʻa ai iā ia ka Strauss orchestra nani o ka Staatskapelle. Akā, ua alakaʻi pū ʻo ia i nā hana a Tchaikovsky, a i ʻole, nā mea kākau o kēia wā, me ka hoihoi a me ke koʻikoʻi i hoʻoili ʻia iā ia ma Lākana mai kahi orkestra hoʻopaʻi e like me ka Royal Philharmonic. ʻO ka mea alakaʻi kiʻekiʻe a lohi e hauʻoli i ka pololei ʻaneʻane hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia i kāna neʻe lima; ʻAʻole wale ka naʻauao o kāna mau ʻano ʻano e hōʻeuʻeu, akā ʻo ka mea mua, pehea ʻo ia e hoʻopiha ai i kēia mau ʻenehana me nā ʻike i mea e loaʻa ai nā hopena noʻeau. ʻIke ʻia ʻo kāna mau aloha e huli mua i ka mele o ke kenekulia XNUMX - ma aneʻi hiki iā ia ke hoʻokomo piha i kēlā mana hoʻohiwahiwa i mea nui ai kāna wehewehe.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969
