Yuri Mazurok (Yuri Mazurok) |
ʻO Yuri Mazurok
Ua hānau ʻia ma Iulai 18, 1931 ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Krasnik, Lublin Voivodeship (Poland). Keiki – Mazurok Yuri Yuryevich (hānau ʻia i ka makahiki 1965), ka mea hoʻokani piano.
Ua hala ka wā kamaliʻi o ka mea mele i ka wā e hiki mai ana ma Ukraine, i kaulana lōʻihi no kona mau leo nani. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Yuri e hīmeni, e like me nā mele he nui, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole e pili ana i ka ʻoihana leo leo. Ma hope o kona puka 'ana mai ke kula ki'eki'e, ua komo 'o ia i ka Lviv Polytechnic Institute.
I loko o kāna mau makahiki haumāna, ua makemake nui ʻo Yuri i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni - ʻaʻole wale ma ke ʻano he mea nānā, akā he mea hoʻokani hoʻokani hoʻi, kahi i hōʻike mua ʻia ai kāna mau leo koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua lilo ʻo Mazurok i "poʻokela" i ʻike ʻia o ke keʻena opera o ka institute, ma kāna mau hana i hana ai ʻo ia i nā ʻāpana o Eugene Onegin a me Germont.
ʻAʻole wale nā kumu o ka studio amateur i nānā i ke kālena o ke kanaka ʻōpio. Ua lohe pinepine 'o ia i ka 'ōlelo aʻo e 'oihana komo i loko o vocals mai na mea he nui, a me ka mea, mai ka loa authoritative kanaka i loko o ke kulanakauhale, soloist o ka Lviv Opera House, People ka Artist o ka USSR P. Karmalyuk. Ua kānalua ʻo Yuri no ka manawa lōʻihi, no ka mea, ua hōʻoia ʻo ia iā ia iho he ʻenekinia aila (i ka makahiki 1955 ua puka ʻo ia mai ka institute a komo i ke kula puka puka). Hoʻoholo ka hihia i ka hihia. I ka makahiki 1960, ʻoiai ʻo ia ma kahi huakaʻi ʻoihana ma Moscow, ua hoʻoweliweli ʻo Mazurok i ka "hoʻāʻo ʻana i kāna laki": ua hele ʻo ia i kahi hoʻokolokolo ma ka conservatory. Akā ʻaʻole ia he pōʻino wale nō: ua lawe ʻia ʻo ia i ka conservatory e ka makemake no ke kiʻi, no ke mele, no ka hīmeni ʻana ...
Mai nā ʻanuʻu mua loa i ka hana ʻoihana, laki loa ʻo Yuri Mazurok me kāna kumu. ʻO Professor SI Migai, i ka wā i hala aku nei kekahi o nā baritones kaulana, nāna i hana me nā luminaries o ke kahua opera Lūkini - F. Chaliapin, L. Sobinov, A. Nezhdanova - mua ma Mariinsky, a laila no nā makahiki he nui - ma ka Bolshoi Keaka. He kanaka ʻeleu, ʻoluʻolu, ʻoliʻoli loa, ʻo Sergei Ivanovich i aloha ʻole i kāna hoʻoholo ʻana, akā inā ʻike ʻo ia i nā talena ʻoiaʻiʻo, mālama ʻo ia iā lākou me ka mālama ʻole a me ka nānā. Ma hope o kona hoʻolohe ʻana iā Yuri, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia: “Manaʻo wau he ʻenekinia maikaʻi ʻoe. Akā, manaʻo wau hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻalele i ka kemika a me ka ʻaila no ka manawa. Lawe i nā leo. Mai ia lā mai, ua hoʻoholo ka manaʻo o SI Blinking i ke ala o Yuri Mazurok.
Ua lawe aku ʻo SI Migai iā ia i kāna papa, me ka ʻike ʻana iā ia he pani kūpono no ka poʻe mele opera maikaʻi loa. Ua pale aku ka make iā Sergei Ivanovich mai ka lawe ʻana i kāna haumāna i kahi diploma, a ʻo kāna mau kumu aʻo aʻe - a hiki i ka hopena o ka conservatory, Professor A. Dolivo, a ma ke kula puka - Kumu AS Sveshnikov.
I ka wā mua, ua paʻakikī ʻo Yuri Mazurok i ka conservatory. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua ʻoi aku ʻo ia a ʻoi aku ka ʻike ma mua o kāna mau hoa haumāna, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mākaukau ʻoihana: ʻaʻole ʻo ia i nā kumu kumu o ka ʻike mele, ua loaʻa ke kumu theoretical, e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ma ke kula mele, ma ke kulanui.
Hāʻawi ka Nature iā Yu. ʻO Mazurok me kahi baritone me kahi nani kūʻokoʻa o ka timbre, kahi ākea nui, ʻoiai ma nā papa inoa āpau. Ua kōkua ʻo ia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hana hoʻokani opera amateur iā ia e loaʻa i ka manaʻo o ke kahua, nā mākau hana hoʻokūkū, a me kahi ʻano pili me ka lehulehu. Akā, ʻo ke kula āna i hele ai i nā papa conservatory, ʻo kona ʻano ponoʻī i ka ʻoihana o ka mea pena opera, akahele, hana hoʻoikaika, hoʻokō pono i nā koi a pau o nā kumu i hoʻoholo i kona ala e hoʻomaikaʻi ai, e lanakila ana i nā kiʻekiʻe paʻakikī o ke akamai.
A eia ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia - hoʻomanawanui, hoʻoikaika a, ʻo ka mea nui loa, he aloha nui i ka hīmeni a me ke mele.
ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha ma hope o ka manawa pōkole loa ua hoʻomaka lākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana iā ia ma ke ʻano he inoa hou i ʻike ʻia ma ka lewa opera. I loko o nā makahiki 3 wale nō, ua lanakila ʻo Mazurok i nā makana ma 3 mau hoʻokūkū leo paʻakikī loa: ʻoiai he haumāna, ma ka punawai Prague ma 1960 - ka lua; i ka makahiki aʻe (i loko o ka postgraduate "rank") ma ka hoʻokūkū i kapa ʻia ma muli o George Enescu ma Bucharest - ke kolu a, hope loa, ma ka hoʻokūkū II All-Union i kapa ʻia ma hope o MI Glinka ma 1962, ua kaʻana ʻo ia i kahi lua me V. Atlantov. a me M. Reshetin. ʻO ka manaʻo o nā kumu, nā mea hoʻokani mele, a me nā lālā jure, ma ke ʻano he ʻano like: ʻo ka palupalu a me ka momona o ke kala, ka elasticity a me ka nani ʻuʻuku o kona leo - he baritone lyrical, kahi cantilena innate - ua ʻike nui ʻia.
I nā makahiki conservatory, ua hoʻoponopono ka mea mele i kekahi mau hana paʻakikī. ʻO kāna mau koa, ʻo ia ka Figaro akamai a akamai i ka Rossini's The Barber of Seville a me ka mea aloha aloha ʻo Ferdinando (Prokofiev's Duenna), ka mea pena kiʻi ʻilihune ʻo Marcel (Puccini's La bohème) a me Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin - ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka moʻolelo biography no Yuri Mazurok.
ʻO "Eugene Onegin" kahi hana koʻikoʻi i ke ola o ka mea mele a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kāna ʻano hana. No ka manawa mua ʻo ia i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kahua ma ke poʻo inoa o kēia keaka i loko o kahi hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni; a laila ua hana ʻo ia i loko o ke keʻena conservatory a, hope loa, ma ke kahua o ka Bolshoi Theatre (Ua ʻae ʻia ʻo Mazurok i ka hui aʻo ma 1963). Ua hoʻokō maikaʻi ʻia kēia ʻāpana e ia ma ke kahua o nā hale opera poʻokela o ka honua - ma Lākana, Milan, Toulouse, New York, Tokyo, Paris, Warsaw ... musicality, meaningfulness of each phrase, every episode.
A ʻo kahi Onegin ʻokoʻa loa ma Mazurok - i ka hana o ka Bolshoi Theatre. Ma ʻaneʻi hoʻoholo ka mea pena i ke kiʻi ma ke ʻano ʻokoʻa, e hōʻea ana i kahi hohonu noʻonoʻo ʻokoʻa, e lawe mai ana i mua i ke ʻano o ka loneliness e luku ai i ke ʻano kanaka. ʻO kāna Onegin he ʻano honua, prosaic, me kahi ʻano loli a kūʻē. Hōʻike ʻo Mazurok i ka paʻakikī holoʻokoʻa o nā hui ʻuhane o kāna meʻe me ka pololei a me ka pīhoihoi maoli, ʻaʻohe wahi i hāʻule i loko o ka melodramatism a me nā ala wahaheʻe.
Ma hope o ke kuleana o Onegin, ua hele ka mea pena i kahi hoʻokolokolo koʻikoʻi a kuleana ma ka Bolshoi Theatre, e pāʻani ana i ke kuleana o Prince Andrei ma Prokofiev's War and Peace. Ma waho aʻe o ka paʻakikī o ka helu holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa, ka paʻakikī o ka hana, kahi e hana ai nā ʻano he nui a no laila e koi ʻia kahi hana kūikawā o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me nā hoa, ʻo kēia kiʻi ponoʻī he paʻakikī loa ma nā huaʻōlelo mele, leo a me ke kahua. . ʻO ka maopopo o ka manaʻo o ka mea keaka, ke kauoha manuahi o ka leo, ka momona o nā kala leo a me ke ʻano like ʻole o ke kahua i kōkua i ka mea mele e kiʻi i kahi kiʻi noʻonoʻo e like me ke ola o ka hero o Tolstoy lāua ʻo Prokofiev.
Ua hoʻokō ʻo Y. Mazurok i ke kuleana o Andrei Bolkonsky i ka hana mua o ke Kaua a me ka Maluhia ma ka huakaʻi o ka Bolshoi Theatre ma Italia. Nui nā nūpepa haole i mahalo i kāna hana kiʻi a hāʻawi iā ia, me ka mea hoʻokani o ka ʻāpana o Natasha Rostova - ʻo Tamara Milashkina, kahi alakaʻi.
ʻO kekahi o nā hana "lei aliʻi" o ka mea pena ke kiʻi o Figaro ma "The Barber of Seville" na Rossini. Ua hana ʻia kēia hana e ia me ka maʻalahi, ke akamai, me ka nani a me ka lokomaikaʻi. ʻO ka cavatina kaulana o Figaro i kani i ka incendiary i kāna hana. Akā ʻaʻole like me ka poʻe mele he nui, ka mea e hoʻohuli pinepine iā ia i helu leo maikaʻi wale nō e hōʻike ana i ka ʻenehana virtuoso, ua hōʻike ʻo Mazurok's cavatina i ke ʻano o ka meʻe - kona ʻano ikaika, kūpaʻa, mana ikaika o ka nānā ʻana a me ka ʻakaʻaka.
Mea hoʻomohala o Yu.A. He ākea loa ka mazurok. I loko o nā makahiki o ka hana ma ka hui o ka Bolshoi Theatre, ua hoʻokani ʻo Yuri Antonovich i nā ʻāpana baritone āpau (ʻo nā lyrical a me nā dramatic!) i loko o ka repertoire o ka hale keaka. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou e lilo i kumu hoʻohālike no ka hana a hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā hoʻokō maikaʻi loa o ke kula opera aupuni.
Ma waho aʻe o nā pāʻani i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ʻo Yeletsky kāna mau koa ma Tchaikovsky's The Queen of Spades, me kona aloha hanohano; ʻO Germont ma Verdi's La Traviata he aliʻi aliʻi, nona naʻe ka hanohano a me ka maikaʻi o ka ʻohana ma luna o nā mea āpau; ʻO ka helu haʻaheo, haʻaheo ʻo Count di Luna ma Verdi's Il trovatore; ʻO Demetrius, ka palaualelo paʻakikī, ka mea i loaʻa iā ia iho i loko o nā ʻano hana hoʻohenehene ("A Midsummer Night's Dream" na Britten); i ke aloha i kona aina a me ka fascinatingly hai mai e pili ana i na hoowalewale o ka hana mana o ke ano ma Venice, ka Vedenets malihini ma Rimsky-Korsakov's Sadko; ka Marquis di Posa - he haʻaheo, wiwo ʻole Spanish grandee, me ka wiwo ʻole e hāʻawi i kona ola no ka hoʻopono, no ke kūʻokoʻa o ka poʻe ("Don Carlos" na Verdi) a me kāna antipode - ka luna mākaʻi Scarpia ("Tosca" na Puccini); ʻo Escamillo (Carmen na Bizet) a me ka luina ʻo Ilyusha, he keiki maʻalahi i hoʻololi (ʻOkakopa na Muradeli); ʻo Tsarev ʻōpio, noʻonoʻo, wiwo ʻole (Prokofiev's Semyon Kotko) a me ke kākau ʻōlelo duma Shchelkalov (Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov). Papa inoa o na kuleana Yu.A. Ua hoʻomau ʻia ka mazurok e Albert ("Werther" Massenet), Valentin ("Faust" na Gounod), Guglielmo ("All Women Do It" na Mozart), Renato ("Un ballo in maschera" na Verdi), Silvio ("Pagliacci ” na Leoncavallo), Mazepa (“ Mazepa na Tchaikovsky), Rigoletto (Verdi's Rigoletto), Enrico Aston (Donizetti's Lucia di Lammermoor), Amonasro (Verdi's Aida).
ʻO kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao, me nā kuleana episodic pōkole, ua hōʻailona ʻia e ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana o ka manaʻo, ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kēlā me kēia hahau, kēlā me kēia kikoʻī, mahalo ʻia me ka ikaika o ka naʻau, ka piha o ka hoʻokō. ʻAʻole hoʻokaʻawale ka mea mele i ka ʻāpana opera i nā helu ʻokoʻa, arias, ensembles, akā hoʻokō i kahi kikoʻī mai ka hoʻomaka a hiki i ka hopena o ka laina ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kiʻi, a laila e kōkua ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka pololei, ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana o ke kiʻi. ka meʻe, ka pono o kāna mau hana a pau, nā hana, inā paha ʻo ia ka meʻe o ka hana keaka a i ʻole ka leo liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
ʻO kāna ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe loa, ʻo ke kauoha maikaʻi o ka leo mai nā ʻanuʻu mua ma ke kahua i mahalo ʻia ʻaʻole wale e ka poʻe mahalo i ke kiʻi opera, akā e nā hoa hana kiʻi pū kekahi. Ua kākau ʻo Irina Konstantinovna Arkhipova i kekahi manawa: "Ua noʻonoʻo mau wau iā Y. Mazurok i kahi leo leo maikaʻi loa, ua lilo kāna mau hana i mea hoʻonani o kēlā me kēia hana, ma kekahi o nā kahua opera kaulana loa ma ka honua. ʻO kāna Onegin, Yeletsky, Prince Andrei, nā malihini Vedenets, Germont, Figaro, di Posa, Demetrius, Tsarev a me nā kiʻi ʻē aʻe he nui i hōʻailona ʻia e kahi ʻano hana nui i loko, e hōʻike ana i waho me ke kaohi ʻana, he mea kūlohelohe ia iā ia, no ka mea, ʻO ka paʻakikī o nā manaʻo, nā manaʻo a me ka mea mele e hōʻike i nā hana a kāna mau koa ma ke ʻano leo. I ka leo o ka mea mele, elastic e like me ke kaula, i ka leo nani, i loko o kona kūlana a pau, aia nō ka hanohano, ka hanohano a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe he nui o kāna mau koa opera - helu, nā aliʻi, nā naita. Hōʻike kēia i kāna ʻano pilikino. "
ʻO ka hana hoʻomohala a Yu.A. ʻAʻole i kaupalena ʻia ʻo Mazurok i ka hana ma ka Bolshoi Theatre. Ua hana ʻo ia i nā hana o nā hale opera ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāina, ua komo ʻo ia i nā hana o nā hui opera haole. I ka makahiki 1975, hana ka mea mele i ke kuleana o Renato ma Verdi's Un ballo ma maschera ma Covent Garden. I ka makahiki 1978/1979, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia ma ka Metropolitan Opera ma ke ʻano he Germont, kahi i hana ai ʻo ia i ka ʻāpana o Scarpia ma Puccini's Tosca i ka makahiki 1993. ʻOkoʻa ʻo Scarpia Mazuroka i nā ʻano he nui mai ka wehewehe maʻamau o kēia kiʻi: ʻo ka pinepine, ʻo ka Hoʻokūpaʻa nā mea hoʻokani i ke aliʻi o ka mākaʻi he ʻuhane ʻole, paʻakikī, hoʻomāinoino. ʻO Yu.A. Mazurok, akamai nō hoʻi ʻo ia, a loaʻa iā ia ka makemake nui, e hiki ai iā ia ke hūnā i ka makemake, hoʻopunipuni ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka hānau ʻana maikaʻi ʻole, e kāohi i nā manaʻo me ke kumu.
Ua huakaʻi ʻo Yuri Mazurok i ka ʻāina a me nā ʻāina ʻē me nā ʻaha mele nui a me ka kūleʻa. ʻO ka papa mele nui o ke keʻena me nā mele a me nā mele a nā mea kākau Lūkini a me Western European - Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninov, Rimsky-Korsakov, Schubert, Schumann, Grieg, Mahler, Ravel, nā mele mele a me nā mele na Shaporin, Khrennikov, Kabalevsky, nā mele mele Ukrainian. ʻO kēlā me kēia helu o kāna papahana he hiʻohiʻona piha, kiʻi, kiʻi, mokuʻāina, ʻano, ke ʻano o ka meʻe. "Hīmeni maikaʻi ʻo ia ... ma nā hana keaka a me nā ʻaha mele, kahi e kōkua ai kahi makana ʻuʻuku iā ia: ke ʻano o ke ʻano. Inā hīmeni ʻo ia iā Monteverdi a i ʻole Mascagni, a laila e lilo mau kēia mele i Italia ma Mazurok ... Ma Tchaikovsky lāua ʻo Rachmaninov e ola mau i kahi "ʻōlelo Lūkini" hiki ʻole a haʻahaʻa ... ma Schubert lāua ʻo Schumann e hoʻoholo ʻia nā mea āpau e ka romanticism maʻemaʻe ... hōʻike i ka naʻauao maoli a me ka naʻauao o ka mea mele "(IK Arkhipova).
ʻO ke ʻano o ke ʻano, kahi ʻike maʻalahi o ke ʻano o ke kākau mele a kekahi mea kākau a i ʻole - ua ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻano i ka hana a Yuri Mazurok i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kāna ʻoihana opera. ʻO ka hōʻike maopopo o kēia ka lanakila ma ka hoʻokūkū leo leo honua ma Montréal i ka makahiki 1967. He paʻakikī loa ka hoʻokūkū ma Montreal: ua komo ka papahana i nā hana mai nā kula like ʻole - mai Bach a Hindemith. ʻO ka haku mele paʻakikī loa a ka haku mele Kanada ʻo Harry Sommers "Cayas" (unuhi ʻia mai India - "Long ago"), i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā mele a me nā kikokikona o nā Canadian Indians, ua noi ʻia ma ke ʻano he koi no nā mea hoʻokūkū āpau. Ua hoʻokō maikaʻi ʻo Mazurok me nā pilikia ʻelua a me ka lexical, a ua loaʻa iā ia ka inoa hanohano a me ka hoʻohenehene ʻo "Canadian Indian" mai ka lehulehu. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia e ka jure ʻo ia ka mea maikaʻi loa o nā mea hoʻokūkū he 37 e pani ana i nā ʻāina he 17 o ka honua.
ʻO Yu.A. Mazurok - People's Artist of the USSR (1976) a me ka RSFSR (1972), Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1968). Ua loaʻa iā ia nā kauoha ʻelua o ka Red Banner of Labor. Ma 1996, ua loaʻa iā ia ka "Firebird" - ka makana kiʻekiʻe loa o ka International Union of Musical Figures.
