Sergei Petrovich Leiferkus |

Sergei Leiferkus

People's Artist of the RSFSR, laureate of the State Prize of the USSR, laureate of All-Union and international competitions.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ʻApelila 4, 1946 ma Leningrad. Makuakane – Krishtab Petr Yakovlevich (1920-1947). Māmā – Leiferkus Galina Borisovna (1925-2001). Wahine - Leiferkus Vera Evgenievna. Keiki - Leiferkus Yan Sergeevich, Kauka o ka 'ike loea.

Noho ka ʻohana Leiferkus ma Vasilyevsky Island ma Leningrad. Ua hele mai ko lākou mau kūpuna mai Mannheim (Kelemānia) a ma mua o ke Kaua Honua Mua ua neʻe lākou i St. Petersburg. ʻO nā kāne a pau o ka ʻohana he mau luna moku. Ma hope o ka moʻomeheu ʻohana, ua hele ʻo Leiferkus, ma hope o ke puka ʻana mai ka papa 4 o ke kula kiʻekiʻe, e lawe i nā hoʻokolohua ma ke kula ʻo Leningrad Nakhimov. ʻAʻole naʻe i ʻae ʻia ʻo ia ma muli o ka pōʻino o ka maka.

Ma kahi o ka manawa like, ua loaʻa iā Sergei kahi violin ma ke ʻano he makana - ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻomaka ai kāna mau haʻawina mele.

Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ʻo Leiferkus ʻo ka hopena ka poʻe e hoʻopuni ana i kahi kanaka a alakaʻi iā ia i ke ola. I ka makahiki 17, ua komo ʻo ia i ka papa mele o ke Kulanui o Leningrad State, i ka haku mele kupanaha ʻo GM Sandler. Wahi a ke kūlana kūhelu, ʻo ka papa himeni he papa mele haumāna, akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoihana o ka hui i hiki iā ia ke lawelawe i kekahi hana, ʻoiai nā mea paʻakikī loa. I kēlā manawa ʻaʻole ia i "manaʻo ʻia" e hīmeni i nā liturgies a me nā mele laʻa e nā mea haku mele Lūkini, akā ua hana ʻia kahi hana e like me "Carmina Burana" a Orff me ke pāpā ʻole ʻia a me ka lanakila nui. Ua hoʻolohe ʻo Sandler iā Sergei a hāʻawi iā ia i ka lua o nā basses, akā he mau mahina wale nō ma hope mai ua hoʻololi ʻo ia iā ia i nā basses mua ... I kēlā manawa, ua haʻahaʻa loa ka leo o Leiferkus, a, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻaʻohe baritones i ka choral. helu helu.

Ma kahi hoʻokahi, hālāwai ʻo Sergei me ke kumu koʻikoʻi ʻo Maria Mikhailovna Matveeva, nāna i aʻo iā Sofia Preobrazhenskaya, People's Artist of the USSR Lyudmila Filatova, People's Artist of the USSR Yevgeny Nesterenko. Ma hope koke iho, ua lilo'o Sergei i mea ho'okani mele o ka papa mele, a i ka makahiki 1964, ua komo'o ia i kahi huaka'i o Finland.

I ke kauwela o 1965, ua hoʻomaka nā hoʻokolohua komo i ka conservatory. Ua ho'okani'o Sergei i ka aria "Don Juan" a i ka manawa ho'okahi i ho'oluliluli i kona mau lima. Ua haʻi ʻo Dean o ka Vocal Faculty AS Bubelnikov i ka ʻōlelo hoʻoholo: "Ua ʻike ʻoe, aia kekahi mea i loko o kēia keikikāne." No laila, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Leiferkus i ke keʻena hoʻomākaukau o ka Leningrad Rimsky-Korsakov Conservatory. A hoʻomaka ke aʻo ʻana - ʻelua mau makahiki o ka hoʻomākaukau, a laila ʻelima mau makahiki o ke kumu. Ua uku lākou i kahi uku liʻiliʻi, a hele ʻo Sergey e hana ma Mimans. Ua komo ʻo ia i ke koʻokoʻo o ka Maly Opera Theatre a ma ka manawa like i hana i ka hapa manawa ma ka mimamse ma Kirov. ʻAneʻane paʻa nā ahiahi a pau - hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo Leiferkus e kū ana me kahi paipu i nā mea ʻokoʻa ma "Swan Lake" ma mua o ka puka ʻana o Rothbart a i ʻole i nā mea hula kākoʻo ma "Fadette" ma ka Maly Opera. He hana hoihoi a ola ia, a lakou i uku ai, he uuku nae, he mau dala.

A laila ua hoʻohui ʻia ka studio opera o ka conservatory, i wehe ʻia i ka makahiki o kona komo ʻana. Ma ke keena opera, mele mua ʻo Leiferkus, e like me nā haumāna āpau, i ka hīmeni, a laila hiki mai ka huli o nā hana liʻiliʻi: Zaretsky lāua ʻo Rotny ma Eugene Onegin, Morales a me Dancairo ma Carmen. I kekahi manawa hoʻokani ʻo ia i nā hana ʻelua ma ka pāʻani hoʻokahi. Akā, ua hele mālie ʻo ia "i luna", a hīmeni ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui - ʻo Onegin mua, a laila ʻo ka Viceroy i ka operetta Pericola a Offenbach.

Hoʻomanaʻo mau ka mea mele kaulana me ka hauʻoli i nā makahiki o ke aʻo ʻana ma ka conservatory, kahi i hui pū ʻia ai nā manaʻo like ʻole, a manaʻo maoli ʻo ia a me kāna mau hoaaloha i aʻo ʻia e nā kumu phenomenal. Laki loa nā haumāna i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā polopeka hana. No nā makahiki ʻelua ua aʻo ʻia lākou e Georgy Nikolaevich Guryev, he haumāna mua o Stanislavsky. A laila ʻaʻole maopopo i nā haumāna i kā lākou laki, a ʻo nā papa me Guryev he mea hoʻoluhi paha iā lākou. I kēia manawa wale nō i hoʻomaka ai ʻo Sergey Petrovich e ʻike i kona ʻano kumu nui - ua hoʻomanawanui ʻo ia e hoʻokomo i nā haumāna i ka manaʻo kūpono o kona kino ponoʻī.

I ka wā i haʻalele ai ʻo Guryev, ua pani ʻia ʻo ia e ka haku nui loa ʻo Alexei Nikolaevich Kireev. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ua make koke ʻo ia. ʻO Kireev ke ʻano kumu aʻo a loaʻa ke kākoʻo. Ua mākaukau mau ʻo ia e kōkua inā ʻaʻole i holo kekahi mea, nānā i nā kikoʻī, haʻi i nā hemahema āpau, a hele mālie nā haumāna i nā hopena maikaʻi loa. Ua haʻaheo ʻo Sergei Leiferkus i kona makahiki 3 i loaʻa iā ia kahi papa makahiki ʻelima a me Kireev.

Ma waena o nā hana a ka Conservatory, ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Leiferkus i ka ʻāpana o Sganarelle ma ka opera ʻo Gounod ʻo The Doctor Against His Will. He hana hauʻoli loa ia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua mele ʻia ka opera Farani ma ka ʻōlelo Lūkini. ʻAʻole i aʻo nā haumāna i nā ʻōlelo ʻē, no ka mea ua maopopo lākou ʻaʻole pono lākou e hīmeni ma ka ʻōlelo Italia, Palani a me Kelemania i ko lākou ola. Pono ʻo Sergey e hoʻopiha i kēia mau hakahaka ma hope.

I Pepeluali 1970, ua hāʻawi ʻia kahi haumāna 3 makahiki ʻo Leiferkus e lilo i mea mele me ka Leningrad Theatre of Musical Comedy. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻaʻohe hoʻolālā ʻē aʻe, koe wale nō ka manaʻo paʻa e lilo i mea mele opera, i ʻike ʻia ma ke poʻo o Sergey, akā naʻe, ua ʻae ʻo ia i ka hāʻawi ʻana, ʻoiai ua manaʻo ʻo ia i kēia hale keaka he kula kahua maikaʻi. I ka audition, ua hana ʻo ia i kekahi mau Arias a me nā mele, a i ka wā i hāʻawi ʻia ai ʻo ia e hīmeni i kahi mea ʻoi aku ka māmā, noʻonoʻo ʻo ia no hoʻokahi minute ... A hīmeni ʻo ia i ke mele kaulana "The Lame King" mai ka repertoire o Vadim Mulerman, nona iho. i hele mai me kahi hele kūikawā. Ma hope o kēia hana, ua lilo ʻo Sergei i mea mele o ka hale keaka.

Laki loa ʻo Leiferkus me nā kumu leo. ʻO kekahi o lākou he kumu aʻo-methodologist Yuri Alexandrovich Barsov, ke poʻo o ka ʻoihana leo ma ka conservatory. ʻO kekahi ʻo ia ka baritone alakaʻi o ka Maly Opera Theatre Sergei Nikolaevich Shaposhnikov. I ka hopena o ka hōkū opera e hiki mai ana, ua hana nui nā papa me ia. ʻO kēia kumu a me ka mea mele ʻoihana i kōkua iā Sergei Leiferkus e hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o ka wehewehe ʻana o kahi haku mele. Ua kōkua nui ʻo ia i ka mea mele novice i kāna hana ma ka phrasing, kikokikona, manaʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo o ka hana, hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka ʻenehana leo, ʻoiai ke hana nei ʻo Leiferkus i nā papahana hoʻokūkū. Ua kōkua ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no nā hoʻokūkū i ka ulu ʻana o ka mea mele ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani keʻena a hoʻoholo i kona hoʻokumu ʻana ma ke ʻano he mele mele. Ua mālama ʻo Leiferkus repertoire i nā hana he nui mai nā papahana hoʻokūkū like ʻole, kahi āna i hoʻi mai ai me ka hauʻoli i kēia manawa.

ʻO ka hoʻokūkū mua a Sergei Leiferkus i hana ai ʻo ia ka V All-Union Glinka Competition ma Viljus i ka makahiki 1971. I ka hele ʻana o ka haumāna i ka hale o Shaposhnikov a ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua koho ʻo ia i ka "Songs of a Wandering Apprentice" a Mahler, ʻaʻole i ʻae ke kumu i ka. koho, no ka mea, ua manaʻo ʻo ia he ʻōpiopio ʻo Sergei no kēia. Ua maopopo ʻo Shaposhnikov i ka ʻike ola, hoʻomanawanui i ka ʻeha, pono e manaʻo ʻia me ka puʻuwai, pono no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia pōʻai. No laila, ua hōʻike ke kumu i ka manaʻo e hiki iā Leiferkus ke hīmeni iā ​​​​ia i loko o kanakolu makahiki, ʻaʻole ma mua. Akā ua "maʻi" ka mea mele ʻōpio me kēia mele.

Ma ka hoʻokūkū, ua loaʻa iā Sergei Leiferkus ke kolu o ka makana ma ka ʻāpana keʻena (ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia nā mea mua ʻelua i kekahi). A i ka hoʻomaka ʻana ua hele ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he "spare", no ka mea ua hana ʻo ia i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ka Musical Comedy, a ua waiho kēia i kahi imprint i ka manaʻo iā ia. I ka manawa hope loa, ua hoʻoholo lākou e hoʻokomo iā Sergei i mea nui.

I ka hoʻi ʻana o Leiferkus i ka home ma hope o ka hoʻokūkū, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Shaposhnikov, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana iā ia: "I kēia manawa e hoʻomaka mākou i ka hana maoli ma Mahler." ʻO Kurt Mazur, ka mea i hele mai i Leningrad e alakaʻi i ka Mravinsky Orchestra, kono iā Sergei e hīmeni ma ka Philharmonic wale nō nā mele. A laila ua ʻōlelo ʻo Mazur he maikaʻi loa ʻo Sergei i kēia pōʻai. Mai kahi alakaʻi Kelemania a mea hoʻokani pila o kēia papa, he mahalo nui kēia.

I ka makahiki 1972, ua kono ʻia ka haumāna 5 makahiki ʻo S. Leiferkus ma ke ʻano he kanaka hoʻokahi i ka Academic Maly Opera and Ballet Theatre, kahi i hoʻokani ai ʻo ia ma mua o 20 mau ʻāpana o nā mele mele mele honua i nā makahiki ʻeono. I ka manawa like, ua ho'āʻo ka mea mele i kona lima i nā hoʻokūkū: ua hoʻololi ʻia nā makana ʻekolu e nā mea ʻelua, a ʻo ka hopena, ʻo ka Grand Prix o ka X International Vocal Competition ma Paris a me ka makana o ka Grand Opera Theatre (1976).

Ma kahi o ka manawa like, ua hoʻomaka kahi hoaaloha maikaʻi me ka haku mele ʻo DB Kabalevsky. No nā makahiki he nui ʻo Leiferkus ka mea hoʻokani mua o nā hana he nui a Dmitry Borisovich. A ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka pōʻai leo "Songs of a Sad Heart" me ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana i ka mea mele ma ka ʻaoʻao poʻo inoa.

I ka makahiki 1977, ua kono aku ka luna hoʻokele kiʻi a me ke alakaʻi nui o ka Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre i kapa ʻia ma muli o SM Kirov Yuri Temirkanov i kono iā Sergei Leiferkus e hana i nā hana o ke Kaua a me ka Maluhia (Andrey) a me nā ʻuhane make (Chichikov). I kēlā manawa, hana ʻo Temirkanov i kahi hui hou. Ma hope o Leiferkus, hele mai ʻo Yuri Marusin, Valery Lebed, Tatyana Novikova, Evgenia Tselovalnik i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni. No kahi kokoke i 20 mau makahiki, noho mau ʻo SP Leiferkus i ka baritone alakaʻi o ka Kirov (ʻo Mariinsky i kēia manawa) Theatre.

ʻO ka momona o ka leo a me ke kālena hana ʻokoʻa o SP Leiferkus e ʻae iā ia e komo i nā ʻano hana opera, e hana ana i nā kiʻi poina ʻole. ʻO kāna repertoire he ʻoi aku ma mua o 40 mau ʻāpana opera, me Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin, Prince Igor Borodina, Prokofiev's Ruprecht ("The Fiery Angel") a me Prince Andrei ("War and Peace"), Mozart's Don Giovanni and the Count ("The Marriage of Figaro". ”), Wagner's Telramund (“Lohengrin”). Hoʻolohe nui ka mea mele i nā nuances stylistic a me ka linguistic o nā hana i hana ʻia, e hoʻokomo ana ma ke kahua i nā kiʻi o nā ʻano like ʻole e like me Scarpia ("Tosca"), Gerard ("Andre Chenier"), Escamillo ("Carmen"), Zurga ( “Ka poe imi momi” ). ʻO kahi papa hana kūikawā S. Leiferkus - Verdi opera kiʻi: Iago ("Othello"), Macbeth, Simon Boccanegra, Nabucco, Amonasro ("Aida"), Renato ("Masquerade Ball").

He 20 makahiki o ka hana ma ke kahua o ka Mariinsky Theatre i hua mai. Loaʻa i kēia hale keaka ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka moʻomeheu, nā kuʻuna hohonu loa - ke mele, keaka a me ke kanaka, i ʻike lōʻihi ʻia ma ke ʻano he maʻamau.

Ma St. Petersburg, hīmeni ʻo Sergei Leiferkus i kekahi o kāna mau lei aliʻi - Eugene Onegin. ʻO kahi hana kupaianaha, maʻemaʻe, ke mele i hōʻike pono i nā manaʻo a me nā ʻano o nā mea. ʻO "Eugene Onegin" i hoʻokumu i ka hiʻohiʻona o ka mea hoʻolālā nui o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻo Igor Ivanov Yu.Kh. ʻO Temirkanov, e hana like me ke alakaʻi a me ke alakaʻi. He manaʻo - no ka manawa mua i nā makahiki he nui, ua hāʻawi ʻia kahi hana o ka repertoire maʻamau i ka makana mokuʻāina o ka USSR.

I ka makahiki 1983, ua kono ka Wexford Opera Festival (Ireland) iā S. Leiferkus e hana i ke poʻo inoa o ka Marquis ma Massenet's Griselidis, a ukali ʻia e Marschner's Hans Heiling, Humperdinck's The Royal Children, Massenet's The Juggler of Notre Dame.

I ka makahiki 1988, ua hana ʻo ia i kāna hana mua ma ka London Royal Opera "Covent Garden" ma ka pāʻani "Il trovatore", kahi i hana ʻia ai ka ʻāpana o Manrico e Placido Domingo. Mai kēia hana i hoʻomaka ai ko lākou hoaloha hana.

Ma 1989, ua kono ʻia ka mea mele e komo i ka hana ʻana o The Queen of Spades ma kekahi o nā ʻaha mele hanohano - ma Glyndebourne. Mai ia manawa, ua lilo ʻo Glyndebourne i kāna kūlanakauhale punahele.

Mai 1988 a hiki i kēia manawa, ʻo SP Leiferkus kahi mea hoʻokani pila me ka Royal Opera o Lākana a mai ka makahiki 1992 me ka New York Metropolitan Opera, ke komo mau nei i nā hana o nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni kaulana ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika, he malihini hoʻokipa ma nā pae o Iapana. Kina, Australia a me New Zealand. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā haʻi mele ma nā keʻena ʻaha mele hanohano ma New York, Lākana, Amsterdam, Vienna, Milan, komo i nā ʻahaʻaina ma Edinburgh, Salzburg, Glyndebourne, Tangelwood a me Ravinia. Hoʻokani mau ka mea mele me ka Boston, New York, Montréal, Berlin, London Symphony Orchestras, e hui pū me nā mea hoʻokele koʻikoʻi o kēia wā e like me Claudio Abbado, Zubin Mehta, Seiji Ozawa, Yuri Temirkanov, Valery Gergiev, Bernard Haitink, Neeme Järvi, Mstislav Rostropovich, Kurt Masur, James Levine.

I kēia lā, hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Leiferkus he mele mele honua - ʻaʻohe mea paʻa iā ia ma ka repertoire operatic a i ʻole ke keʻena. Malia paha, ʻaʻohe lua o ia "polyfunctional" baritone i kēia manawa ma Rūsia a ma ke kahua opera honua. Ua kākau ʻia kona inoa ma ka mōʻaukala o nā hana hoʻokani honua, a e like me ka nui o nā leo leo a me nā wikiō o nā ʻāpana opera a Sergei Petrovich, aʻo nā ʻōpio baritones e hīmeni.

ʻOiai paʻa loa, loaʻa iā SP Leiferkus ka manawa e hana pū me nā haumāna. Nā papa kumu hou ma ke kula ʻo Britten-Pearce, ma Houston, Boston, Moscow, Berlin a me London's Covent Garden - mamao loa kēia mai ka papa honua piha o kāna mau hana aʻo.

ʻAʻole wale ʻo Sergei Leiferkus he mele mele maikaʻi, akā ua ʻike ʻia no kāna talena koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻole i ʻike mau ʻia kāna mau hana hana e ka poʻe hoʻolohe wale nō, akā e nā mea hoʻohewa hoʻi, ka mea, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he stingy me ka hoʻomaikaʻi. Akā ʻo ka mea hana nui i ka hana ʻana i ke kiʻi, ʻo ia ka leo o ka mea mele, me kahi timbre ʻokoʻa, poina ʻole, kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke hōʻike i nā manaʻo, ke ʻano, ka neʻe o ka ʻuhane. Ke alakaʻi nei ka mea mele i ka lanakila o nā baritones Lūkini ma ke Komohana ma ke ʻano o ka ʻelemakule (ma waho aʻe o ia, aia ʻo Dmitry Hvorostovsky lāua ʻo Vladimir Chernov). I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i haʻalele kona inoa i nā mea hoʻolaha o nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni nui loa a me nā hale ʻaha mele ma ka honua: ʻo ka Metropolitan Opera ma New York a me Covent Garden ma Lākana, Opera Bastille ma Paris a me Deutsche Oper ma Berlin, La Scala , ma Vienna Staatsoper, ka ʻO Colon Theatre ma Buenos Aires a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui.

Ma ka hui pū ʻana me nā hui kaulana loa, ua hoʻopaʻa ka mea mele ma mua o 30 mau CD. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka CD mua o nā mele a Mussorgsky i hana ʻia e ia i koho ʻia no ka Grammy Award, a ʻo ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hōʻiliʻili piha o nā mele a Mussorgsky (4 CD) ua loaʻa iā ia ka makana Diapason D'or. ʻO ka papa inoa o nā wikiō wikiō a S. Leiferkus e pili ana i nā keaka i hana ʻia ma ka Mariinsky Theatre (Eugene Onegin, The Fiery Angel) a me Covent Garden (Prince Igor, Othello), ʻekolu mau mana like ʻole o The Queen of Spades (Mariinsky Theatre, Vienna State Opera, Glyndebourne) a me Nabucco (Bregenz Festival). ʻO nā mea hana kīwī hou loa me ke komo ʻana o Sergei Leiferkus ʻo Carmen lāua ʻo Samson a me Delilah (Metropolitan Opera), The Miserly Knight (Glyndebourne), Parsifal (Gran Teatre del Licen, Barcelona).

SP Leiferkus - People's Artist of the RSFSR (1983), laureate of the State Prize of the USSR (1985), laureate of the V All-Union Competition i kapa ʻia ma hope o MI Glinka (1971), laureate o ka International Vocal Competition ma Belgrade (1973). ), laureate o ka International Schuman Competition ma Zwickau (1974), laureate o ka International Vocal Competition ma Paris (1976), laureate o ka International Vocal Competition ma Ostend (1980).

Puna: biograph.ru