Lilli Lehmann |

Lilli Lehmann

akamai mele

ʻO ia ka mea, me ka hāpai ʻana o ka pākū, ua hōʻino ʻo ia i ka luna band me ka " hoki", ua paʻi ʻo ia i ka luna hoʻoponopono o kekahi nūpepa nāna i hoʻopuka i kahi ʻōlelo ʻino e pili ana iā ia, ua hoʻopau ʻo ia i ka ʻaelike me ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni i kona wā ua hoole i ka hoomaha loihi, ua paakiki a paakiki, ina he mea kue ia i kona makemake, a maloko o na keena kapu o Bayreuth, ua aa loa oia e kue aku ia Cosima Wagner ponoi.

No laila, i mua o mākou he primadona maoli? Ma ke ano piha o ka olelo. No iwakālua mau makahiki, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Lilly Lehman ʻo ia ka wahine mua ma ka opera, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa ma nā pōʻai hoʻomohala Kelemania a me nā ʻāina ʻē. Ua ʻauʻau ʻia ʻo ia me nā pua a hāʻawi ʻia i nā poʻo inoa, ua haku ʻia nā mele hoʻomaikaʻi nona, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i nā ʻano hanohano; a ʻoiai ʻaʻole ʻo ia i loaʻa i ke kaulana kaulana o Jenny Lind a i ʻole ʻo Patty, ʻo ka hauʻoli āna i kūlou ai i lalo - a ma waena o ka poʻe mahalo iā Leman he mau mea koʻikoʻi loa - ua ulu wale mai kēia.

ʻAʻole lākou i mahalo wale i ka leo o ka mea mele, akā i kona akamai a me kona ʻano kanaka. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i hiki i kekahi ke haʻi hou i nā ʻōlelo a Richard Wagner e pili ana iā ia, i ʻōlelo ʻia e pili ana i ka Schroeder-Devrient nui, i ʻōlelo ʻia "ʻaʻohe leo." ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Soprano Lilly Leman he makana kūlohelohe, i mua o ka mea hiki ke kūlou i ka mahalo; ʻO ka leo virtuoso, kona nani a me ka laulā, i ka manawa i hiki ai i kona oʻo ma ke ala holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa, hoʻomau i ka hana mua: akā ʻaʻole i makana mai luna mai, akā ma muli o ka hana luhi. I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā manaʻo o Leman, kahi prima hoʻokahi, e ka ʻenehana hīmeni, ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kani, ka noʻonoʻo a me ka pololei pololei o ka hīmeni ʻana. Ua hōʻike ʻo ia i kāna mau noʻonoʻo i loko o ka puke "My Vocal Art", i ka makahiki iwakālua i lilo i alakaʻi koʻikoʻi i nā leo no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ua hōʻoia ʻo ka mea mele ponoʻī i ka pololei o kāna mau kumumanaʻo: mahalo i kāna ʻenehana impeccable, ua paʻa ʻo Leman i ka ikaika a me ka elasticity o kona leo, a i kona wā ʻelemakule ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i ka ʻāpana paʻakikī o Donna Anna!

ʻO Adeline Patti, ka leo kamahaʻo, ua hana maikaʻi ʻo ia i ka wā ʻelemakule. Ke nīnau ʻia ʻo ia he aha ka mea huna o ka hīmeni ʻana, pane pinepine ʻo ia me ka ʻakaʻaka: "ʻAʻole wau ʻike!" Me ka ʻakaʻaka, makemake ʻo ia e ʻike naʻaupō. ʻO Genius ma ke ʻano he naʻaupō pinepine i ka "pehea" hope loa i ke kiʻi! He ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe me Lilly Lehman a me kona ʻano i ka hana hoʻomohala! Inā "ʻaʻole iʻikeʻo Patty", akā uaʻikeʻo ia i nā mea a pau, uaʻikeʻo Leman i nā mea a pau, akā i ka manawa hoʻokahi ua kānaluaʻo ia i kona hiki.

"ʻO kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu ke ala e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻomaikaʻi. Akā, i mea e loaʻa ai ke akamai kiʻekiʻe loa, paʻakikī loa ke akamai o ka hīmeni ʻana, a pōkole loa ke ola. ʻO ia mau ʻōlelo ʻōlelo a nā lehelehe o kekahi mea hīmeni ʻē aʻe, ua like ia me nā huaʻōlelo nani no ka puke puke a kāna mau haumāna. No ka mea hoʻokani a me ka mea hana luhi ʻo Lilly Lehman, ʻo kēia mau huaʻōlelo he mea ʻike maoli.

ʻAʻole ʻo ia he keiki liʻiliʻi a "ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke kaena i kahi leo koʻikoʻi mai ka wā kamaliʻi", akā, loaʻa iā ia ka leo haʻalulu, a me ka hānō. I ka wā i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ʻo Lilly i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ua kākau ʻo ia i kona makuahine: "ʻAʻole au i manaʻo he mau leo ​​i ʻoi aku ke kala ʻole ma mua o koʻu, akā eia e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mea mele ʻeono me nā leo nāwaliwali i koʻu." He ala i hele ʻia i ka Leonora kaulana loa mai Fidelio a me ka mea hoʻokani mele koa o Wagner's Bayreuth! Ma kēia ala, ʻaʻole i kali ʻia nā hoʻomaka ʻana a me nā piʻi meteoric iā ia.

Me Lilly Lehman i loko o ke kahua diva i hele mai ai kekahi mea mele akamai i ka ʻike; ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia ka ʻike i loaʻa i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka leo, akā, me he mea lā e hana ana lākou i nā pōʻai hoʻonui a puni ke kikowaena kahi e kū ai ke kanaka hīmeni. ʻO kēia wahine akamai, hilinaʻi iā ia iho a me ka ikaika iʻikeʻia e ka makemake i ke ao holoʻokoʻa. Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ke kahua kiʻi, ua hōʻoia ʻia e ka waiwai o ka repertoire hīmeni. I nehinei ma Berlin, ua hīmeni ʻo Lehman i ka ʻāpana o Enkhen mai The Free Gunner, a i kēia lā ua kū ʻo ia ma ke kahua o London's Covent Garden ʻo Isolde. Pehea i noho pū ai kahi soubrette haʻahaʻa mai ka opera comic a me ka heroine koʻikoʻi i loko o ke kanaka hoʻokahi? Ua mālama ʻia ʻo Lehman i kona ola a pau. He mea aloha iā Wagner, ua loaʻa iā ia ka wiwo ʻole ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomana Kelemania ʻo Wagner e hōʻike iā ia iho he kākoʻo o Verdi's La Traviata a koho iā Norma Bellini i kāna pāʻina punahele; ʻAʻole ʻo Mozart ma mua o ka hoʻokūkū, i kona ola a pau, ua noho ʻo ia ʻo ia "ʻāina hānau mele".

I ka wā makua, ma hope o ka opera, ua lanakila ʻo Leman i nā keʻena ʻaha mele ma ke ʻano he haku mele keena, a ʻo ka nui o kāna ʻike, lohe a aʻo ʻana, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ke kuleana o ka primadona i pane i kona makemake no ka hemolele. ʻO ka mea mele, ma kona ʻano ponoʻī, ua hakakā ʻo ia me ka hana keaka i noho aliʻi ma nā kahua kaulana, ma hope o ka hana ʻana ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi: kahi hana i hiki ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia a me nā mea hou no ia manawa.

ʻO Praeceptor Operae Germanicae (Master of the German Opera - Lat.), Singer, director, organizer of festivals, herald of reforms for which she energetically advocated, writer and teacher - ua hui pū ʻia kēia mau mea a pau e kahi wahine honua. ʻIke ʻia ʻaʻole kūpono ke kiʻi o Leman i nā manaʻo kuʻuna e pili ana i ka primadona. ʻO nā hōʻino, nā uku maikaʻi, nā mea aloha i hāʻawi i ke ʻano o ka opera divas i ka malu o ka frivolity - ʻaʻohe mea e like me kēia i loaʻa i ka ʻoihana a Leman. ʻO ke ola o ka mea mele i ʻike ʻia e ka maʻalahi like me kona inoa haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā makemake erotic sensational o Schroeder-Devrient, ka makemake o Malibran, nā lono (ʻoiai inā e hoʻonui) e pili ana i ka pepehi kanaka o nā mea aloha aloha ʻo Patti a i ʻole Nilsson - ʻaʻole hiki ke hui pū ʻia kēia mau mea me kēia wahine ʻoihana ikaika.

"Ka ulu kiʻekiʻe, nā ʻano hanohano a me nā neʻe i ana ʻia. ʻO nā lima o ke aliʻi wahine, ka nani kupaianaha o ka ʻāʻī a me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ke poʻo, ʻike ʻia i loko o nā holoholona thoroughbred. Ua hoʻokeʻo ʻia me ka lauoho hina, ʻaʻole makemake e hūnā i ka makahiki o kā lākou mea nona, kahi ʻano ʻoi ʻana o nā maka ʻeleʻele, ka ihu nui, ka waha i wehewehe ʻia. I kona ʻakaʻaka, ua uhi ʻia kona helehelena ʻāʻī e ka lā o ka hanohano hanohano, ka haʻahaʻa a me ka maʻalahi.

Ua hopu ʻo L. Andro, he mea mahalo i kāna talena, i kahi wahine he kanaono makahiki ma kāna kiʻi kiʻi "Lilli Leman". Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā kikoʻī i ke kiʻi o ka mea mele, me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā kiʻi o ia manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e hoʻopau iā ia ma ka paukū, akā ʻaʻole e loli ke kiʻi koʻikoʻi o ka primadona. ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia wahine ʻelemakule, akā mahalo ʻia a hilinaʻi iā ia iho. I loko o kona ola pilikino, ua aʻo aku ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi iā ia e kūʻē i nā hana lapuwale. Ma kāna puke ʻO My Way, hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Lehman i kona ʻaneʻane make ʻana i ka wā, i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana ma Bayreuth, ua hoʻolauna ʻo Richard Wagner iā ia, he mea ʻōpio ʻo ia ma ka paepae o ka kaulana, i ke kōkua hana ʻo Fritz Brandt. He aloha i ka ʻike mua ʻana, ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua e hōʻoia i ke ola a me ke aloha, ʻike ʻia ma nā moʻolelo kaikamahine wale nō. I kēia manawa, ua lilo ke kanaka ʻōpio i lili nui, ua hōʻeha ʻo ia a hoʻomāinoino iā Lilly me nā kānalua kumu ʻole a hiki i ka hopena, ma hope o ka hakakā kūloko lōʻihi e kokoke ana i kona ola, haʻi i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana. ʻOi aku ka maluhia o kāna male ʻana me ka tenor Paul Kalisch, hana pinepine lāua ma ke kahua hoʻokahi, ma mua o ka male ʻana o Leman iā ia i kona wā makua.

ʻO kēlā mau hihia koʻikoʻi i ka wā i hāʻawi aku ai ka mea mele i kona mau manaʻo, ʻaʻohe mea pili i nā manaʻo maʻamau o nā primadonas, akā hūnā i nā kumu hohonu, no ka mea, pili lākou i ka mea pili loa - ʻo ke kiʻi. ʻO ka mea hoʻoponopono o kahi nūpepa Berlin, e helu ana i ka kūleʻa mau loa o ka haʻihaʻi, ua paʻi i kahi ʻatikala wahaheʻe me nā kikoʻī kikoʻī mai ke ola o kahi mea mele mele ʻōpio. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Leman i male ʻole i ke keiki. E like me ke akua wahine o ka hoʻopaʻi, ua ʻike ʻia ka mea mele ma ke keʻena hoʻoponopono, akā ʻo kēia ʻano pōʻino i kēlā me kēia manawa e hoʻāʻo e haʻalele i ke kuleana. No ke kolu o ka manawa, ua holo ʻo Leman iā ia ma ke alapiʻi a ʻaʻole i nalo iā ia. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mea hoʻoponopono e puka i waho ma nā ʻano a pau i loko o ke keʻena, ʻaʻole makemake e hoʻihoʻi i ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, hāʻawi ʻo ia iā ia i kahi paʻi ʻono ma ka maka. "Me ka waimaka a pau, ua hoʻi au i ka home a, me ka uē ʻana, hiki ke kāhea wale aku i koʻu makuahine: "Ua loaʻa iā ia!" A ʻo ka haku mele a Le Mans i kapa ai he hoki i ka huakaʻi ma Toronto, Kanada? Ua hoʻololi ʻo ia iā Mozart - ʻaʻole anei ia he hewa?

ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻohenehene i ka wā e pili ana i ka hana noʻeau, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka wā e pili ana i kāna mea aloha ʻo Mozart. ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke kū i ka mālama ʻole, mediocrity a me mediocrity, me ka huhū like aʻu i hālāwai ai me ka arbitrariness o nā mea hana narcissistic a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka originality. I loko o ke aloha me nā haku mele nui, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻopāpā, he manaʻo hohonu a koʻikoʻi. Ua moeʻuhane mau ʻo Leman i ka hīmeni ʻana iā Leonora mai ka Beethoven's Fidelio, a i kona puka mua ʻana ma ke kahua ma kēia hana, i haku ʻia e Schroeder-Devrient, ʻaneʻane maule ʻo ia i ka hauʻoli. I kēia manawa, ua hīmeni ʻo ia no nā makahiki he 14 ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Berlin, a ʻo ka maʻi wale nō o ka mea mele mele mua i hāʻawi iā Leman i kahi manawa lōʻihi. ʻO ka nīnau a ke kahu keaka, inā paha e makemake ʻo ia e pani, ua like ia me kahi pahu mai ka uliuli - "nalo ʻo ia, ua loaʻa iaʻu koʻu ʻae ʻana, a ʻo wau, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i koʻu mau manaʻo a haʻalulu a puni, ma kahi aʻu e kū nei. uwē nui, kukuli iho, a kahe maila nā waimaka wela o ka hauʻoli ma luna o koʻu mau lima, pūliki lima me ka mahalo i koʻu makuahine, ka mea aʻu i ʻaiʻē nui ai! Ua hala kekahi manawa ma mua o koʻu noʻonoʻo ʻana a nīnau inā he ʻoiaʻiʻo kēia?! ʻO wau ʻo Fidelio ma Berlin! E ke Akua nui, ʻo wau ʻo Fidelio!

Hiki i kekahi ke noʻonoʻo me ka poina iā ia iho, me ke koʻikoʻi kapu āna i hana ai! Mai ia manawa, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻo Leman me kēia opera Beethoven wale nō. Ma hope mai, i loko o kāna puke, he papa pōkole o ka noʻonoʻo kūpono a me ka ʻike, ua hāʻawi ʻo ia i kahi kānana ʻaʻole wale i ke kuleana poʻo, akā i nā kuleana āpau o kēia keaka ma ka laulā. Ma ka ho'āʻo e haʻi i kona ʻike, e lawelawe i ka hana noʻeau a me kāna mau hana, ua hōʻike pū ʻia ke kālena aʻo a ka mea mele. ʻO ka inoa o ka primadona i koi iā ia e koi i nā koi kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole wale iā ia iho, akā i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopili mau ʻia ka hana nona me nā manaʻo e like me ke kuleana a me ke kuleana. "Ua māʻona kēlā me kēia mea nānā i nā mea maikaʻi loa - ʻoi loa i ka wā e pili ana i ka hana kiʻi ... Aia ka mea pena i ka hana o ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana i ka lehulehu, e hōʻike ana i kāna mau hana kiʻekiʻe loa, e hoʻohanohano iā ia a, ʻaʻole e nānā i kāna ʻono maikaʻi ʻole, e hoʻokō i kāna misionari. a hiki i ka hopena,” koi ʻo ia. "A ʻo ka mea e manaʻo wale i ka waiwai a me ka leʻaleʻa mai ke akamai, e maʻa koke ʻo ia i ka ʻike ʻana i loko o kāna mea i ka mea ʻaiʻē, ʻo kāna mea ʻaiʻē e noho mau ʻo ia no ke ola, a ʻo kēia mea hoʻolimalima e lawe i ka uku hoʻopaneʻe ʻino loa iā ia."

ʻO ka hoʻonaʻauao, ka mikiona, ke kuleana o ka hana noʻeau - he aha ke ʻano o ka manaʻo o ka primadona! Hiki paha lākou mai ka waha o Patti, Pasta a Catalani paha? Ua kākau ʻo Giacomo Rossini, ke kahu o nā prima donnas ʻumikumamāiwa, he mea mahalo nui iā Bach lāua ʻo Mozart, ma mua koke o kona make ʻana: "E hiki anei iā mākou nā Italia ke hoʻopoina i kekona ʻo ka leʻaleʻa ke kumu a me ka pahuhopu hope o ke mele." ʻAʻole pio ʻo Lilly Lehman i kāna hana kiʻi, a ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke hōʻole iā ia i ke ʻano ʻakaʻaka. "ʻO Humor, ka mea hāʻawi ola loa i kēlā me kēia hana ... he mea hoʻolāʻau koʻikoʻi no nā hana ma ka hale keaka a me ke ola," i nā manawa hou i ka huli ʻana o ke kenekulia "hoʻokomo piha ʻia i ka hope o nā opera āpau," pinepine ka mea mele. hoʻopiʻi. ʻO ka leʻaleʻa ke kumu a me ka pahuhopu hope o ke mele? ʻAʻole, ʻo kahi hohonu hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai ka manaʻo ʻole o Rossini, a ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha no ka hele ʻole ʻana o ka kaulana o Leman ma mua o nā kikowaena moʻomeheu Kelemania a me Anglo-Saxon.

Ua ʻaiʻē piha ʻia kāna mau manaʻo mai ka humanism Kelemania. ʻAe, ma Leman hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi ʻelele maʻamau o ka bourgeoisie nui mai ka manawa o Emperor Wilhelm, i hānai ʻia i nā kuʻuna kanaka. Ua lilo ʻo ia i mea hoʻohālike o nā hiʻohiʻona hanohano o kēia au. Mai kahi kūlana o ko mākou lā, i aʻo ʻia e ka ʻike o ka monstrous perversion o ka manaʻo aupuni Kelemania i ʻike ʻia ma lalo o Hitler, ke hāʻawi nei mākou i kahi loiloi kūpono o nā ʻano maikaʻi o kēlā au i manaʻo ʻia a ma nā ʻano he nui o ka caricatured au, a nā mea manaʻo koʻikoʻi Friedrich Nietzsche a ua hoʻokomo ʻo Jakob Burckhardt i kahi kukui ʻino. Ma Lilly Lehman ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi mea e pili ana i ka emi ʻana o ka pono, e pili ana i ka anti-Semitism aupuni Kelemania, e pili ana i ka megalomania impudent, e pili ana i ka "pahuhopu i hoʻokō ʻia". He aloha ʻāina maoli ʻo ia, kū i ka lanakila o ka pūʻali koa Kelemania ma Farani, kanikau i ka make ʻana o Moltke me ka poʻe Berliners, a me ka mahalo i ka noho aliʻi a me nā aliʻi aliʻi, ma muli o ka mea hoʻokani mele o ka hale mele o ke aupuni o ke aupuni. ʻO Prussia, i kekahi manawa ua hoʻopōʻino i ka maka nani o ka mea mele, no kaʻike i kāna hana.<...>

ʻO nā pou hoʻonaʻauao hiki ʻole ke luku ʻia no Lilly Lehman ʻo Schiller, Goethe a me Shakespeare ma ka palapala, a ʻo Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Wagner a me Verdi ma ke mele. Ua hui pū ʻia ka ʻuhane kanaka me ka hana mikionali ikaika a ka mea mele. Ua ho'āla houʻo Lehman i ka Mozart Festival ma Salzburg, i hoʻoweliweliʻia e nā pilikia he hoʻokahi tausani, ua liloʻo ia i kahu o kaʻoihana aʻo kekahi o nā mea nāna i hoʻokumu i kēiaʻahaʻaina, me ka ikaika a me ka luhiʻole no ka mālamaʻana i nā holoholona, ​​​​e ho'āʻo ana e huki i ka manaʻo o Bismarck pono'ī. Ua ʻike ka mea mele i kona kāhea ʻana i kēia. ʻAʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka honua holoholona a me nā mea kanu mai kāna mea laʻa - ke kiʻi, akā ua hōʻike wale i kēlā ʻaoʻao o ke ola i ka lokahi o kona ʻokoʻa. I ka manawa i hoʻopiha ʻia ai ka hale o ka mea mele ma Scharfling ma Mondsee kokoke i Salzburg, akā i ka emi ʻana o ka wai, ʻike ʻia, aia nā holoholona liʻiliʻi ma ka pā, a ua hānai ka wahine Samaria aloha i nā ʻōpeʻa a me nā mole me ka berena a me nā ʻāpana ʻiʻo.

E like me Malibran, Schroeder-Devrient, Sontag, Patti a me nā mea mele ʻē aʻe he nui, ua hānau ʻia ʻo Lilly Lehman i loko o kahi ʻohana o nā mea keaka. ʻO kona makuakāne, ʻo Karl August Lehmann, he tenor dramatic, ʻo kona makuahine, nee Maria Löw, he mea harpano soprano, ua hana ʻo ia no nā makahiki he nui i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma Kassel ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Louis Spohr. Akā,ʻo ka mea nui loa i loko o kona ola,ʻo ia kona pilina me ka'ōpio Richard Wagner. Ua hoʻopili ʻia lākou e ka pilina pili, a ua kapa ʻia ka haku mele nui ʻo Mary kāna "aloha mua". Ma hope o ka male ʻana, ua pau ka hana a Maria Löw. ʻO ke ola me kahi kanaka uʻi, akā wikiwiki ka huhū a me ka inu ʻana i lilo koke i moeʻuhane weliweli. Ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia i ka hemo ʻana, a ʻaʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i kahi kūlana ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani pila ma ka hale keaka ʻo Prague, a i ka makahiki 1853 ua hele ka wahine ʻōpio i ke kapikala ʻo Bohemia ma ka leka uila, me kāna mau kaikamahine ʻelua: ʻo Lilly, i hānau ʻia i ka lā 24 o Nowemapa. , 1848 ma Würzburg, a me Maria, ekolu makahiki i oi aku mamua o ka hope. o ka makahiki.

ʻAʻole paupauaho ʻo Lilly Lehman i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke aloha o kona makuahine, ka hoʻolaʻa ponoʻī a me ke kūpaʻa. ʻAʻole i ʻaiʻē ka primadona iā ia wale nō i ke akamai o ka hīmeni ʻana, akā, i nā mea ʻē aʻe; Hāʻawi ka makuahine i nā haʻawina, a mai kona wā liʻiliʻi ua hele pū ʻo Lilly i kāna mau haumāna ma ka piano, me ka maʻa mau ʻana i ka honua mele. No laila, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hana kūʻokoʻa, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi repertoire waiwai nui. Ua noho lākou me ka hemahema. ʻO ke kūlanakauhale maikaʻi me nā haneli o nā hale kiaʻi he panalāʻau mele ia. ʻO ka pāʻani ʻana i ka orkestra o ka hale keaka kūloko ʻaʻole i lawa ka ola, a i mea e hoʻolako ai iā ia iho, pono ʻo ia e loaʻa nā haʻawina. Ua hala loa kēlā mau manawa kupua i hoʻokumu ai ʻo Mozart i ka hoʻomaka mua o kāna Don Giovanni ma aneʻi, a ʻo Weber he haku hui. I loko o nā memo o Lilly Leman, ʻaʻohe mea i ʻōlelo ʻia e pili ana i ke ola hou ʻana i nā mele Czech, ʻaʻohe huaʻōlelo e pili ana i nā premieres o Smetana, e pili ana i ka Bartered Bride, e pili ana i ka hāʻule ʻole o Dalibor, ka mea i hauʻoli loa i ka Czech bourgeoisie.

Ua piha ʻo Lilly Leman i ka ʻumikūmāhiku i kona wā i hoʻomaka ai ma ke kahua o ka Estates Theatre ma ke ʻano o ka Wahine Mua ma Mozart's The Magic Flute. Akā he ʻelua pule wale nō i hala, a hīmeni ʻo Lilly novice i ka hapa nui - ma ka manawa kūpono, e mālama ana i ka hana. Ma ka waena o ka hana, ua hōʻino loa ka luna o ka hale keaka i ka mea hoʻokani o ka hana a Pamina, ka mea i loaʻa i ka ʻehaʻeha mai ka hopohopo hopohopo, pono e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻo ia i ka home. A hiki koke mai kekahi mea kupanaha: ua hāʻawi manawaleʻa ʻo Lilly Lehman i ka mea hoʻomaka e hīmeni i kēia ʻāpana! Ua aʻo anei ʻo ia iā ia? ʻAʻole kahi kulu! Ua lohe ʻo Leman Sr. i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ke alakaʻi alakaʻi, holo wikiwiki ʻo ia ma ke kahua me ka weliweli e lawe i ke kuleana o Pamina mai Fräulein Löw (no ka makaʻu i ka hāʻule ʻole, ʻoiai ma ka hana liʻiliʻi o ka Wahine Mua, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻaʻa e hana. ma lalo o kona inoa maoli) a laila e mālama i ka hana. Akā, ʻaʻole i kānalua ka mea mele ʻōpio no kahi kekona a ua makemake ka lehulehu iā ia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia i mākaukau loa. ʻEhia mau manawa e hoʻāʻo ʻo ia iā ia iho i nā pani pani i ka wā e hiki mai ana! Ua hōʻike ʻo Leman i kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa i kāna huakaʻi i ʻAmelika. I loko o ka Wagnerian tetralogy "The Ring of the Nibe-Lung", kahi i hoʻokani ai ʻo Brunnhilde, ka mea hoʻokani o ke kuleana o Frikka ma "Rheingold Gold" hōʻole i ka hana. I ka ʻehā o ka ʻauinalā, ua nīnau ʻia ʻo Lilly inā hiki iā ia ke hīmeni iā ​​Frikka i kēlā ahiahi; i ka hapalua hola ʻelima, hoʻomaka ʻo Lilly a me kona kaikuahine e nānā i kahi ʻāpana āna i hīmeni ʻole ai ma mua; Ma ka hapaha o ka ehiku, hele au i ka hale keaka, ma ka hora ewalu, ku au ma ke kahua; ʻAʻole lawa ka manawa no ke kiʻi hope loa, a hoʻomanaʻo ka mea mele, e kū ana ma hope o ke kahua, ʻoiai ʻo Wotan me Loge i iho i Nibelheim. Ua maikaʻi nā mea a pau. I ka makahiki 1897, ua manaʻo ʻia ke mele a Wagner ʻo ke mele paʻakikī loa o kēia wā. A e noʻonoʻo, ma ka ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa ua hana ʻo Leman i hoʻokahi hewa liʻiliʻi ma ka leo. ʻO kāna kamaʻilio pilikino me Richard Wagner i hana ʻia i kona wā ʻōpio i ka makahiki 1863 ma Prague, kahi i alakaʻi ai ka mea hoʻokani pila, i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā hōʻino a me ka kaulana, i kāna ʻaha mele ponoʻī. Hele ka makuahine o Leman a me kāna mau kaikamahine ʻelua i ka hale o ka haku mele i kēlā me kēia lā. "Ua hoʻopuni ʻia ka mea ʻilihune i ka hanohano, ʻaʻole naʻe ʻo ia i lawa e ola ai," wahi a kona makuahine. Ua aloha ke kaikamahine iā Wagner. ʻAʻole wale ʻo ka hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o ka mea haku mele i hoʻohuli i kona manaʻo - "he ʻaʻahu hale melemele i hana ʻia me ka damask, kahi kaula ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha, kahi ʻahuʻula siliki ʻeleʻele nui me kahi lining satin (kahi i hele mai ai ʻo ia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa) - ʻaʻohe mea i ʻaʻahu like me ia. Prague; Nānā au i koʻu mau maka a ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke hūnā i koʻu pīhoihoi. ʻO nā mele a me nā huaʻōlelo a Wagner i waiho i kahi hōʻailona hohonu i ka ʻuhane o kahi kaikamahine he ʻumikumamālima makahiki. I kekahi lā ua hīmeni ʻo ia i kekahi mea iā ia, a ua hauʻoli ʻo Wagner i ka manaʻo o ka lawe ʻana iā ia i mea e hana ai ke kaikamahine i kāna mau hana a pau! E like me ka ʻike koke ʻana o Lilly, ʻaʻohe mea hou a Prague e hāʻawi iā ia ma ke ʻano he mele. Me ke kānalua ʻole, i ka makahiki 1868 ua ʻae ʻo ia i ke kono o ka hale keaka kūlanakauhale ʻo Danzig. Ua noho aliʻi kahi ʻano patriarchal o ke ola ma laila, makemake mau ke alakaʻi i ke kālā, a ʻo kāna wahine, he kanaka lokomaikaʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ia e humuhumu pālule, ʻaʻole i hoʻōki i ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ka pōʻino kiʻekiʻe Kelemania. Ua wehe ʻia kahi kahua hana nui ma mua o Lilly ʻōpio. I kēlā me kēia pule ua aʻo ʻo ia i kahi hana hou, ʻo ia wale nō nā māhele nui: Zerlina, Elvira, Queen of the Night, Rossini's Rosina, Verdi's Gilda and Leonora. Ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻākau o nā patricians, noho wale ʻo ia i ka hapalua makahiki, ua hoʻomaka nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni nui e ʻimi i ka punahele o ka lehulehu Danzig. Ua koho ʻo Lilly Lehman iā Leipzig, kahi i hīmeni ai kona kaikuahine.

ʻO ke kauwela 1870, Berlin: ʻO ka mea mua i ʻike ʻia e ka ʻōpio soloist o ka Royal Opera ma ke kapikala Prussian, ʻo ia nā paʻi kūikawā o nā nūpepa a me nā huakaʻi ʻoliʻoli i mua o ka hale aliʻi. Ua hauʻoli ka poʻe i ka nūhou mai ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ke kaua ma Farani, ua hoʻomaka ka wehe ʻana o ke kau hou me kahi hana aloha ʻāina ma ke kahua, kahi i hīmeni ai nā mea hana keaka o ka hale hoʻokolokolo i ke mele aupuni a me ka Song of Borussia i ka mele. I kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole ʻo Berlin he kūlanakauhale honua, akā ʻo kāna "Opera ma lalo o nā Lindens" - ka hale keaka ma ke alanui Unter den Linden - mahalo i ka holomua o Huelsen a me ke alakaʻi maʻalahi, ua kaulana maikaʻi. Ua pāʻani ʻo Mozart, Meyerbeer, Donizetti, Rossini, Weber ma ʻaneʻi. Ua'ike'ia nā hana a Richard Wagner ma ke kahua, e lanakila ana i ke kū'ē kū'ē o ke alaka'i. Ua hoʻokō koʻikoʻi nā kumu pilikino: i ka makahiki 1848, ua komo ka luna ʻo Hülsen, ka moʻopuna o ka ʻohana aliʻi, i ke kāohi ʻana i ke kipi ʻana, ʻoiai ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā kipi, ua hakakā ʻo Kapellmeister Wagner ʻōpio, i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka hoʻāla kipi a piʻi. inā ʻaʻole ma nā pā, a laila ma ka hale bele o ka hale pule. ʻAʻole hiki i ke alakaʻi hale keaka, he aliʻi, ke poina i kēia no ka manawa lōʻihi.

I ka manawa like, aia ʻelua mau mea hoʻokani Wagner koʻikoʻi i kāna hui: ʻo ka heroic tenor Albert Niemann a me ka Bayreuth Wotan Franz Betz mua. No Lilly Lehman, ua lilo ʻo Nieman i kiʻi ʻālohilohi, i "ʻuhane alakaʻi alakaʻi e alakaʻi i nā mea a pau"… Ua hui pū ʻia ke akamai, ka ikaika a me ke akamai me ka mana. ʻAʻole mahalo makapō ʻo Leman i ke akamai o kāna mau hoa hana, akā mālama mau ʻo ia iā lākou me ka mahalo. Ma kāna mau memo, hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu i kekahi mau ʻōlelo koʻikoʻi e pili ana i nā hoʻokūkū, akā ʻaʻole hoʻokahi huaʻōlelo maikaʻi ʻole. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Leman iā Paolina Lucca, ka mea i loaʻa iā ia ka inoa o ka helu helu i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka mea hoʻokō nui loa - haʻaheo loa ʻo ia; kākau ʻo ia e pili ana i ka sopranos koʻikoʻi ʻo Mathilde Mallinger lāua ʻo Wilma von Voggenhuber, a me ka contralto kaulana loa ʻo Marianne Brant.

Ma keʻano laulā, ua noho pū ka fraternity hana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hana me ka ʻole o nā scandals. No laila, ua inaina ʻo Mullinger lāua ʻo Lucca kekahi i kekahi, a ua hoʻā nā ʻaoʻao o ka poʻe mahalo i ka lapalapa o ke kaua. I kekahi lā ma mua o ka hoʻokani ʻana, ua lanakila ʻo Paolina Lucca i ka huakaʻi imperial, me ka makemake e hōʻike i kona kūlana kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻokipa ka poʻe pā o Mullinger i ka puka ʻana o Cherubino mai ka "Marriage of Figaro" me kahi puʻupuʻu kuli. Akā ʻaʻole e haʻalele ka primadona. "No laila, pono anei au e hīmeni a ʻaʻole paha?" Ua hoʻōho ʻo ia i loko o ke keʻena. A ʻo kēia hoʻowahāwahā anu ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hale keaka o ke aloaliʻi ua loaʻa ka hopena: ua emi ka walaʻau i hiki iā Lucca ke hīmeni. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēia i pale aku iā Countess Mullinger, ka mea nāna i hoʻokō i kēia hana, mai ka paʻi ʻana i ke Kerubino aloha ʻole me ka paʻi lapuwale, akā kani maoli nō. Ua maule paha nā primadona ʻelua inā ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike iā Lilly Leman i loko o ka pahu hana, mākaukau e pani i kēlā me kēia manawa - ʻoiai ua lilo ʻo ia i kaulana ma ke ʻano he mea ola. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻokūkū e hāʻawi iā ia i lanakila hou.

I loko o nā makahiki he ʻumikūmālima lōʻihi, ua lanakila ʻo Lilly Lehman i ka lokomaikaʻi o ka lehulehu a me ka poʻe hoʻohewa o Berlin, a ma ka manawa like ka CEO. ʻAʻole i manaʻo ʻo Huelsen e hiki iā ia ke neʻe mai nā mele mele Konstanz, Blondchen, Rosin, Filin a me Lortsing soubrettes i nā hana koʻikoʻi. ʻO ia hoʻi, ua huki ʻia kahi mele ʻōpio ʻaʻole ʻike iā lākou. I ka makahiki 1880, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻo Leman no ka nānā ʻana o ka luna hoʻomalu o ka ʻaha keaka iā ia ma ke ʻano he keaka liʻiliʻi a hāʻawi i nā kuleana maikaʻi inā hōʻole nā ​​mea mele ʻē aʻe iā lākou. I kēia manawa, ua ʻike mua ʻo ia i nā lanakila ma Stockholm, Lākana a ma nā kahua opera nui ma Kelemānia, e like me ka primadona maoli. Akā ʻo ka mea koʻikoʻi ka hana e hoʻoikaika nui ai i kāna ʻoihana: Ua koho ʻo Richard Wagner iā Lehman e hoʻomaka i kāna Der Ring des Nibelungen ma ka 1876 Bayreuth Festival. Ua hāʻawi ʻia iā ia ke kuleana o ka Mermaid mua a me Helmwig mai Valkyrie. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole kēia nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi, akā ʻaʻole no Wagner a ʻaʻole hoʻi nona nā kuleana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Malia paha, ʻo ka manaʻo o ke kuleana no ka hana noʻeau i kēlā manawa e koi aku i ka mea mele e haʻalele i ke kuleana o Brunnhilde. Kokoke i kēlā me kēia ahiahi, hele mai ʻo Lilly a me kona kaikuahine, ka Mermaid ʻelua i Villa Wanfried. ʻO Wagner, Madame Cosima, Liszt, a ma hope aku ʻo Nietzsche - i loko o kahi hui koʻikoʻi "ʻaʻole i maloʻo ka ʻike, ka pīhoihoi a me nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hala ka hauʻoli nui. ʻO ke mele a me nā mea i lawe mau iā mākou i kahi kūlana o ka hauʻoli… "

ʻAʻole i emi iki ka manaʻo hoʻokalakupua o ke kahua akamai ʻo Richard Wagner ma mua o kona ʻano. Ua mālama ʻo ia iā ia e like me kahi kamaʻāina kahiko, hele lima pū me ia ma ka māla ʻo Wanfried, a haʻi i kāna mau manaʻo. Ma ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻo Bayreuth, e like me Lilly Lehman, ua hoʻolālā ʻo ia e hoʻokani ʻaʻole wale ʻo The Ring, akā i nā hana koʻikoʻi e like me Fidelio lāua ʻo Don Giovanni.

I ka wā o ka hana ʻana, ua kū mai nā pilikia hou loa. Pono wau e aʻo i ka mea hana no ka ʻauʻau mermaids - penei ka wehewehe ʻana o Leman: "E kuʻu Akua! He hale huinakolu kaumaha ia maluna o na puu metala ma kahi o 20 kapuai ke kiekie, a ma na welau, ua kauia kekahi scaffold lattice ma ke kihi; pono mākou e hīmeni iā ​​​​lākou!" No ka wiwo ʻole a me ka pilikia o ke kino, ma hope o ka hana ʻana, ua pūliki paʻa ʻo Wagner i ka Mermaid, e hoʻokahe ana i nā waimaka o ka hauʻoli. ʻO Hans Richter, ka mea alakaʻi mua o Bayreuth, ʻo Albert Niemann, kona "ʻuhane a me ka ikaika kino, kona helehelena poina ʻole, ke Aliʻi a me ke Akua o Bayreuth, nona ka nani a ʻokoʻa ʻole ʻo Sigmund ʻaʻole e hoʻi hou mai", a ʻo Amalia Materna - ʻo ia ka poʻe e kamaʻilio nei. , ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma hope o ka mea nāna i hana i nā ʻoliʻoli keaka ma Bayreuth, pili i nā manaʻo ikaika loa o Leman. Ma hope o ka ʻahaʻaina, ua kākau ʻo Wagner iā ia i kahi leka hoʻomaikaʻi, i hoʻomaka e like me kēia:

“E! Lilly! Lilly!

ʻO ʻoe ka uʻi o nā mea a pau, a e kuʻu keiki aloha, ua pololei loa ʻoe ʻaʻole e hana hou kēia! Ua hoʻomāʻewaʻewa ʻia mākou e ka kilokilo kilokilo o kahi kumu maʻamau, e kaʻu Mermaid… "

ʻAʻole ia i hana hou ʻia, ʻo ka hapa nui o ke kālā ma hope o ka "Ring of the Nibelungen" mua i hiki ʻole ke hana hou. ʻEono makahiki ma hope mai, me ka puʻuwai kaumaha, ua hōʻole ʻo Leman e komo i ka hoʻomaka mua o ka honua o Parsifal, ʻoiai ʻo Wagner e noi ikaika ana; ʻO kāna kāne male mua ʻo Fritz Brand ke kuleana no ka hiʻohiʻona o ka hana. Me he mea lā ʻaʻole hiki iā Lilly ke hoʻomanawanui i ka hālāwai hou.

I kēia manawa, ua kaulana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mele mele. ʻO kāna repertoire ʻo Venus, Elizabeth, Elsa, ma hope iki ʻo Isolde a me Brunnhilde a, ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi, ʻo Beethoven's Leonora. Loaʻa ka lumi no nā ʻāpana bel canto kahiko a me nā loaʻa hoʻohiki e like me Lucrezia Borgia a me Lucia di Lammermoor mai nā keaka a Donizetti. I ka makahiki 1885, hana ʻo Lilly Lehman i kāna huakaʻi moana mua i ʻAmelika, a hoʻokō me ka lanakila nui ma ka Metropolitan Opera hanohano, i wehe koke ʻia nei, a i kāna huakaʻi ʻana i kēia ʻāina nui ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i ka mahalo ʻia e ka lehulehu ʻAmelika, i maʻa iā Patti a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. . na hoku o ke kula Italia. Ua makemake ʻo New York Opera e loaʻa iā Leman no ka manawa pau ʻole, akā ua hōʻole ʻo ia, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā kuleana Berlin. Pono ka mea mele e hoʻopau i kāna huakaʻi ʻaha mele, he kanakolu mau hana ma ʻAmelika i lawe mai iā ia i ke kālā e like me ka hiki ke loaʻa ma Berlin i ʻekolu makahiki. No nā makahiki he nui i kēia manawa, ua loaʻa mau ʻo Leman i nā māka 13500 i ka makahiki a me 90 mau māka no kahi ʻahamele - kahi kālā i kūpono ʻole i kona kūlana. Ua noi ka mea mele e hoʻolōʻihi i ka hoʻomaha, akā ua hōʻole ʻia ʻo ia a no laila ua hoʻopau ʻia ka ʻaelike. ʻO ka boycott i hoʻolaha ʻia e Berlin no nā makahiki he nui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kāna mau hana ma Kelemānia. ʻO nā huakaʻi ma Paris, Vienna a me ʻAmelika, kahi i hana ai ʻo Lilly i 18 mau manawa, hoʻonui i ka kaulana o ka mea mele i ka hopena i wehe hou ʻia ka "kala kala" imperial i Berlin.

I ka makahiki 1896, ua hoʻokani hou ʻia ka Ring of the Nibelungen ma Bayreuth. I ke alo o Leman, ka mea i kaulana i ka honua, ua ʻike lākou i ka mea hoʻokani kūpono loa o Isolde. Ua kono ʻo Cosima i ka mea mele, a ua ʻae ʻo ia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i noho ʻole kēia kiʻekiʻe o kāna ʻoihana. ʻAʻole i ʻoluʻolu iā ia nā hana dictatorial o ka haku wahine o Bayreuth. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo ia, ʻo Lilly Lehman, i hoʻomaka ai ʻo Wagner i kāna mau hoʻolālā, ʻo ia ka mea nāna i ʻoluʻolu i kāna mau ʻōlelo a pau a mālama i kēlā me kēia ʻano i loko o kāna hoʻomanaʻo nani. I kēia manawa ua koi ʻia ʻo ia e nānā i nā mea e hana nei, ʻaʻohe mea pili i kāna mau hoʻomanaʻo; Ua mahalo nui ʻia ʻo Leman i ka ikaika a me ka naʻauao o Cosima, akā naʻe, ʻo kona haʻaheo, ʻaʻole hoʻi i kūʻē ʻole, ua lilo ia i mea ʻeha. Ua manaʻo ka primadona "ua ʻike ʻia ka mea mālama i ka Holy Grail o 1876 a me kāna Wagner i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa." I kekahi manawa, ma kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa, kāhea ʻo Cosima i kāna keiki e hōʻike: "ʻAʻole anei ʻoe, e Siegfried, ke hoʻomanaʻo nei ʻoe i ka makahiki 1876 ua like ia?" "Manaʻo wau ua pololei ʻoe, e Māmā," i pane aku ai ʻo ia me ka hoʻolohe. He iwakālua makahiki aku nei, ʻeono wale nō ona makahiki! Ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Lilly Lehman iā Bayreuth kahiko me ka ʻiʻini, e nānā ana i ka poʻe mele, "kū mau i ka ʻaoʻao", ma ke kahua i uhi ʻia me nā ʻaleʻale walaʻau, ma ke aloha duet a Siegmund lāua ʻo Sieglinde, e noho ana me ko lāua mau kua i kekahi i kekahi, ma ka ʻO nā leo aloha o nā kaikamahine o ka Rhine, akā ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o nā "pēpē lāʻau paʻakikī" e hōʻeha i ka ʻuhane. "He nui nā alanui e hiki aku ai i Roma, akā hoʻokahi wale nō a hiki i kēia lā Bayreuth - ka hoʻokau kauā!"

He kūleʻa nui ka hana, a ua hoʻoholo maikaʻi ʻia ka hakakā koʻikoʻi ma waena o Leman a me Cosima. I ka hopena, ʻo Lilly Lehman ke kāleka pu nui. I ka makahiki 1876 ua hīmeni ʻo ia me ka manuahi, akā i kēia manawa ua hoʻoili ʻo ia i kāna uku holoʻokoʻa a me 10000 mau hōʻailona hou i ka haukapila Bayreuth o St. Augusta no kahi moe mau no nā mea mele ʻilihune, kahi āna i telegraphed iā Cosima "me ka mahalo nui" a me kahi ʻōlelo hoʻohālikelike. I kekahi manawa, ua kanikau ka haku wahine o Bayreuth no ka nui o ka uku o ka mea mele. He aha ke kumu nui o ko lāua inaina? Ke alakaʻi ʻana. Eia ʻo Lilly Lehman i kona poʻo ponoʻī ma luna o kona mau poʻohiwi, kahi i nui ai nā manaʻo e hoʻolohe makapō. I kēlā manawa, he mea maʻamau ka nānā ʻana o ka mea mele i ke kuhikuhi ʻana. ʻO ke alakaʻi ʻana, ʻoiai ma nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni nui loa, ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia i kekahi mea, ua hana ke alakaʻi alakaʻi i nā wili maʻemaʻe. Ua hana mua nā hōkū i nā mea a lākou e makemake ai. Ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Berlin Court, ʻaʻole i hana hou ʻia ka opera i loko o ka repertoire ma mua o ka hana ʻana, a ua hana ʻia nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā hana hou me ka ʻike ʻole. ʻAʻohe mea i manaʻo i ka poʻe hoʻokani o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, koe wale nō ʻo Lilly Lehman, ka mea i "hoʻokani i ke ʻano o ka luna hoʻoikaika ikaika" a, ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, hana pilikino me nā mea mālama ʻole. Ma ka Vienna Court Opera, kahi i konoʻia aiʻo ia i ke kuleana o Donna Anna, ponoʻo ia e unuhi i nā manawa kūpono loa o ka hanaʻana mai ke alakaʻi kōkua. Akā, ua loaʻa i ka mea mele ka pane maʻamau: "I ka pau ʻana o Mr. Reichmann i ke mele, hele ʻo ia ma ka ʻākau, a ʻo Mr. von Beck e hele ma ka hema, no ka mea aia kona lumi ʻaʻahu ma kēlā ʻaoʻao." Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Lilly Lehman e hoʻopau i kēlā manaʻo ʻole, kahi i ʻae ʻia e kona mana. I kekahi tenor kaulana, ua manaʻo ʻo ia e hoʻokomo i nā pōhaku i loko o kahi pahu makamae, lawe mau ʻo ia e like me ka hulu, a aneane ʻo ia e haʻalele i kāna ukana, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi haʻawina o ka "pāʻani kūlohelohe"! I ka nānā ʻana iā Fidelio, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i nā poses, nā neʻe a me nā props, akā wehewehe pū nō hoʻi i ka psychology o nā mea āpau, ka mea nui a me ka lua. ʻO ka mea huna o ka kūleʻa opera iā ia ma ke kamaʻilio wale ʻana, i loko o ka manaʻo ʻuhane āpau. I ka manawa like, ua kānalua ʻo ia e pili ana i ka drill, ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia i ka hui Viennese kaulana ʻo Mahler ma muli o ka nele o kahi loulou hoʻoikaika - he ʻano pilikino koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka general a me ke kanaka, i kona manaʻo, ʻaʻole i kūʻē kekahi i kekahi. Hiki i ka mea mele pono'ī ke hōʻoia i ka makahiki 1876 ma Bayreuth, ua kū ʻo Richard Wagner no ka hōʻike maoli ʻana o ke ʻano mea hana a ʻaʻole i komo i ke kūʻokoʻa o ka mea hana.

I kēia lā, ʻaʻole pono paha kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī o "Fidelio". E kau paha i ke kukui ma luna o ke poʻo o ka paʻahao ʻo Fidelio, a i ʻole e kahe ana ke kukui "mai nā alaloa mamao" - he mea nui loa ia? Ua hoʻokokoke ʻo Leman me ka koʻikoʻi loa i ka mea i kapa ʻia i ka ʻōlelo hou i ka manaʻo o ka mea kākau, a no laila kona ʻae ʻole iā Cosima Wagner. ʻO ka hoʻohanohano, nā hiʻohiʻona nani a me ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa o ka hana a Leman i kēia lā e like me ke kaumaha loa. Ua mihi ʻo Eduard Hanslik i ka nele o ka mea hana i nā "mana kūlohelohe" a i ka manawa like i mahalo i kāna "ʻuhane kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, e like me ke kila kila, he mea nui ia i ka hana ʻana i kekahi mea a hōʻike i ko mākou mau maka i kahi momi i hoʻonani ʻia i ka hemolele." ʻAʻole ʻaiʻē ʻo Leman i ke kālena ʻike ma mua o ka ʻenehana hīmeni maikaʻi loa.

ʻO kāna mau ʻōlelo e pili ana i nā hana opera, i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka pomp Italian a me Wagnerian stage realism, ʻaʻole naʻe i nalowale i ko lākou kumuhana: huli i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hīmeni a me nā hana hana, a laila ʻoi aku ka waiwai o nā hopena ... ʻekahi!

Ma ke kumu, hāʻawi ʻo ia i ke komo ʻana i ke kiʻi, ka ʻuhane, ke ola i loko o ka hana. Akā, ua ʻelemakule loa ʻo Lehman no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke ʻano hou o ke keʻena kahua haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā hale kiaʻi wili kaulana i hana ʻia e Mahler ʻo Don Juan i ka makahiki 1906, nā hale paʻa paʻa i hoʻomaka i kahi au hou o ka hoʻolālā kahua, ʻo Leman, me kona mahalo nui iā Roller a me Mahler, i manaʻo ʻia he "hui hoʻopailua."

No laila, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke kū i ka "mele hou" a Puccini lāua ʻo Richard Strauss, ʻoiai me ka kūleʻa nui ua hoʻonui ʻo ia i kāna repertoire me nā mele a Hugo Wolf, ʻaʻole loa i makemake e ʻae iā ia. Akā ʻo Verdi Leman nui i aloha ai no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ma mua koke o kona hoʻomaka ʻana ma Bayreuth i ka makahiki 1876, ua hoʻokani mua ʻo ia i ka Verdi's Requiem, a hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai ua hīmeni ʻo ia ma Cologne ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a ka maestro ponoʻī. A laila, ma ke ʻano o Violetta, ua hōʻike ka heroine Wagnerian ʻike nui i ka hohonu o ke kanaka o Verdi's bel canto, ua hoʻopūhoihoi ʻo ia iā ia e ʻoliʻoli ka mea mele "e haʻi aku i kāna aloha i mua o ke ao mele holoʻokoʻa, me ka ʻike ʻana he nui ka poʻe e hoʻohewa mai iaʻu no ka mea. ʻO kēia ... Hūnā i kou maka inā manaʻoʻiʻo ʻoe iā Richard Wagner, akā e ʻakaʻaka a leʻaleʻa pū me aʻu inā hiki iā ʻoe ke aloha… He mele maʻemaʻe wale nō, a hiki iā ʻoe ke haku i nā mea āu e makemake ai.

ʻO ka ʻōlelo hope, a me ka ʻōlelo mua, ua mau nō naʻe me Mozart. ʻO ka ʻelemakule Leman, ʻoiai naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Donna Anna ma ka Vienna State Opera, ka mea hoʻonohonoho a me ke kahu o nā ʻahaʻaina Mozart ma Salzburg, ua hoʻi i kona "ʻāina hānau". I ka manawa o ka 150th anniversary o ka hānau ʻana o ka haku mele nui, ua hoʻokani ʻo ia iā Don Juan ma ke kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole i ʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōlelo Kelemānia pono ʻole, ua koi ʻo Leman i ka Italia kumu. ʻAʻole no ka hoʻonui ʻana, akā ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe, e hoʻoikaika ana i ka mea kamaʻāina a i aloha ʻia, ʻaʻole makemake e hōʻino i ka opera i aloha ʻia i kona puʻuwai me nā "manaʻo hou," kākau ʻo ia, me ka nānā ʻana i kahi ʻaoʻao i ka hana kaulana Mahler-Rollerian ma Vienna. Nā hiʻohiʻona? He mea lua ia - ua hoʻohana ʻia nā mea a pau i hiki mai ma Salzburg. Akā ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, no ʻekolu mahina a me ka hapa, ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Lilly Lehman, ua hoʻomau ʻia nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa kikoʻī loa. ʻO Francisco di Andrade kaulana, ka mea hoʻokele o ka lipine silika keʻokeʻo, ka mea a Max Slevoht i make ai me ke aniani o ka champagne ma kona mau lima, hoʻokani i ke poʻo inoa, ʻo Lilly Lehman - Donna Anna. ʻO Mahler, ka mea nāna i lawe mai i ka Le Figaro maikaʻi mai Vienna, ua hōʻino ʻo ia i ka hana a Leman. ʻO ka mea mele, ma kekahiʻaoʻao, ua koiʻo ia i kāna manaʻo Don Juan,ʻoiai uaʻikeʻo ia i kona mau nāwaliwali.

ʻEhā mau makahiki ma hope mai, ma Salzburg, ua lei aliʻi ʻo ia i kāna hana ola me ka hana ʻana o The Magic Flute. ʻO Richard Mayr (Sarastro), Frieda Hempel (Queen of the Night), Johanna Gadsky (Pamina), Leo Slezak (Tamino) he mau kanaka koʻikoʻi, nā ʻelele o ke au hou. Ua hīmeni ʻo Lilly Lehman iā First Lady, kahi hana āna i hoʻomaka mua ai. Ua pani ʻia ka pōʻai e ka inoa hanohano ʻo Mozart. Ua lawa ka ikaika o ka wahine 62 makahiki e kū'ē i ke kuleana o Donna Anna i mua o nā kukui e like me Antonio Scotti lāua ʻo Geraldine Farrar i ka inoa ʻelua o ka ʻaha kauwela - Don Juan. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka Mozart Festival me ka hoʻomoe ʻana i ka Mozarteum, ʻo ia ka mea nui o Leman.

Ma hope o kēlā, ʻōlelo maikaʻi ʻo Lilly Lehman i ke kahua. Ma ka lā 17 o Mei, 1929, make ʻo ia, a ua ʻoi aku ʻo ia ma mua o kanawalu. Ua ʻae nā Contemporaries ua hele pū kekahi au me ia. ʻO ka mea hoʻohenehene, ua ho'āla houʻia kaʻuhane a me ka hana a ka mea mele i kahi'ōlinolino hou, akā ma ka inoa hoʻokahi:ʻaʻole i pili ka Lotta Lehman nui iā Lilly Lehman, akā ua liloʻo ia i mea pili loa iā ia ma kaʻuhane. I nā kiʻi i hana ʻia, i ka lawelawe ʻana i ke kiʻi a me ke ola, ʻaʻole like me ke ola o kahi prima donna.

K. Khonolka (unuhi — R. Solodovnyk, A. Katsura)