Daniil Ilyich Pokhitonov |

Daniel Pokhitonov

People's Artist of the RSFSR (1957). ʻO ka moʻolelo o ka Mariinsky Theatre (ka Kirov Opera a me Ballet Theatre) ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka inoa ʻo Pokhitonov. No ka hapalua o ke kenekulia, ua hana ʻo ia i loko o kēia moena o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Lūkini, ʻo ia ka hoa piha o nā leo leo nui loa. Ua hele mai ʻo Pokhitonov ma hope o kona puka ʻana mai ka Conservatory o St. Petersburg (1905), kahi o kāna mau kumu ʻo A. Lyadov, N. Rimsky-Korsakov, A. Glazunov. He haʻahaʻa ka hoʻomaka - ua loaʻa iā ia kahi kula maikaʻi loa ma ka hale keaka, hana mua ma ke ʻano he pianist-accompanist, a laila ma ke ʻano he kumu mele.

ʻO ka hihia maʻamau i lawe iā ia i ka papa hoʻomalu o ka Mariinsky Theatre: Ua maʻi ʻo F. Blumenfeld, pono e hoʻokau i kahi hana ma mua o ia. Ua hana kēia i ka makahiki 1909 - ua lilo ʻo Rimsky-Korsakov's The Snow Maiden i kāna hoʻomaka. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo Napravnik iā Pokhitonov ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, loaʻa nā hana hou i loko o ka repertoire a ka mea pena. ʻO ka māhele nui i hoʻokaniʻia e nā mele mele mele Lūkini: The Queen of Spades, Dubrovsky, Eugene Onegin, The Tale of Tsar Saltan.

ʻO kahi hana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mea hoʻokani pila i hoʻokani ʻia e kahi huakaʻi huakaʻi ma Moscow, kahi i 1912 i alakaʻi ai ʻo Khovanshchina me ke komo ʻana o Chaliapin. Ua hauʻoli loa ka mea mele maikaʻi i ka hana a ka mea alakaʻi a ma hope i mele me ka leʻaleʻa i nā hana i alakaʻi ʻia e Pokhitonov. ʻO ka papa inoa o nā hana "Chaliapin" a Pokhitonov he nui loa: "Boris Godunov", "Pskovite", "Mermaid", "Judith", "Enemy Force", "Mozart and Salieri", "The Barber of Seville". E hoʻohui pū mākou ua komo ʻo Pyukhitonov i ka huakaʻi o ka opera Lūkini ma Palisa a me Lākana (1913) ma ke ʻano he haku mele. Ua hīmeni ʻo Chaliapin ma "Boris Godunov", "Khovanshchina" a me "Pskovityanka". ʻO Pokhitonov ka hoa mele nui i ka wā i hana ai ka Pisishchiy Amur firm i kekahi mau leo ​​o Chaliapin.

He nui nā mea mele, ma waena o lākou ʻo L. Sobinov, I. Ershov, I. Alchevsky, i hoʻolohe mau i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a kahi mea hoʻokani a me ke alakaʻi. A hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia: Ua hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ʻo Pokhitonov i nā ʻano o ka leo leo. Ua hahai pono ʻo ia i nā manaʻo a pau o ka soloist, hāʻawi iā ia i ke kūʻokoʻa pono o ka hana hana. E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia e nā contemporaries, "ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka make ma ke ʻano he mele" no ka holomua o ka hana holoʻokoʻa. Malia paha ʻaʻohe kumu a i ʻole ka laulā o kāna mau manaʻo wehewehe, akā ua mālama ʻia nā hana a pau ma kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a ua ʻike ʻia e ka ʻono pono. "He connoisseur o kāna ʻoihana, he ʻoihana akamai," i kākau ai ʻo V. Bogdanov-Berezovsky, "ʻAʻole maikaʻi ʻo Pokhitonov ma ke ʻano o ka pololei o ka hana hou ʻana i ka helu. Akā, ʻo kona mālama ʻana i nā kuʻuna, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka hāʻawi ʻole ʻana i ka mana o haʻi.

ʻO ka Kirov Theatre ka nui o kāna mau holomua iā Pokhitonov. Ma waho a'e o nā opera Lūkia, ua alaka'i 'o ia i nā hana o ka repertoire haole. I ka wā Soviet, ua hana maikaʻi ʻo Pokhitonov ma ka Maly Opera Theatre (1918-1932), hana ʻia me nā ʻaha mele symphony, a aʻo ʻia ma ka Leningrad Conservatory.

Lit .: Pokhitonov DI "Mai ka Past of Russian Opera". L., 1949.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek