Eduardas Balsys |

Eduard Balsy

ʻO E. Balsis kekahi o nā mea mele kaulana loa o Soviet Lithuania. ʻO kāna hana ma ke ʻano he haku mele, kumu, mea hoʻokani pila a me ka mea hoʻolaha hoʻolaha ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka ulu ʻana o ke kula haku mele Lithuanian i ka wā ma hope o ke kaua. Mai ka hopena o nā makahiki 50. ʻo ia kekahi o kāna mau haku alakaʻi.

He paʻakikī ke ala hana o ka haku mele. Ua pili kona wā kamali'i me ke kūlanakauhale Ukrainian o Nikolaeva, a laila ne'e ka 'ohana i Klaipeda. I loko o kēia mau makahiki, ʻo ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ke mele he mea pōʻino. I kona wā'ōpiopio, ua hana nuiʻo Balsis - ua aʻoʻo ia, ua makemake i nā haʻuki, a i ka makahiki 1945 wale nō i komo aiʻo ia i ka Conservatory Kaunas ma ka papa o Professor A. Raciunas. ʻO nā makahiki o ke aʻo ʻana ma ka Leningrad Conservatory, kahi i lawe ai ʻo ia i kahi papa postgraduate me Professor V. Voloshinov, mau loa i ka hoʻomanaʻo o ka mea haku mele. I ka makahiki 1948, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Balsis e aʻo ma ka Vilnius Conservatory, kahi mai 1960 i alakaʻi ai ʻo ia i ke keʻena o ka haku mele. Aia ma waena o kāna mau haumāna nā haku mele kaulana e like me A. Brazhinskas, G. Kupryavicius, B. Gorbulskis a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. opera, hula hula. ʻAʻole i nānā iki ka mea haku mele i nā ʻano keʻena - ua huli ʻo ia iā lākou i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kāna ʻoihana (String Quartet, Piano Sonata, etc.). Me nā ʻano mele kahiko, ʻo ka hoʻoilina o Balsis nā haku mele, nā mele kaulana, nā mele no ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, kahi i hui pū ai me nā alakaʻi alakaʻi Lithuania. I ka launa pū ʻana o nā ʻano leʻaleʻa a me nā ʻano koʻikoʻi, ua ʻike ka mea haku mele i ke ʻano o kā lākou hoʻowaiwai like ʻana.

Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano hoʻomohala o Balsis e ka puhi mau ʻana, ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea hou - nā mea kani maʻamau, nā ʻenehana paʻakikī o ka ʻōlelo mele a i ʻole nā ​​​​hanana haku mele. I ka manawa like, ua noho mau ʻo ia i mea hoʻokani mele Lithuanian, he mele melemele. ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o ka mele a Balsis, ʻo ia ka pili ʻana me ka moʻolelo, a ʻo ia ka mea ʻike hohonu. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ma kāna hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mele ʻōiwi. Ua manaʻo ka mea haku mele ʻo ka synthesis o ka lāhui a me ka hana hou "e hoʻomau i ka wehe ʻana i nā ala hoihoi hou no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kā mākou mele."

Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea hoʻokō koʻikoʻi o Balsis me ka symphony - ʻo ia kāna ʻokoʻa mai ka choral orientation kuʻuna no ka moʻomeheu aupuni a me ka mana hohonu loa i ka hanauna ʻōpio o nā haku mele Lithuania. Eia naʻe, ʻo ke ʻano o kāna mau manaʻo symphonic ʻaʻole ia ka symphony (ʻaʻole ia i kamaʻilio ʻia), akā ʻo ke ʻano ʻaha mele, opera, ballet. I loko o lākou, hana ka mea haku mele ma ke ʻano he haku o ka hoʻomohala symphonic o ke ʻano, timbre-sensitive, coloristic orchestration.

ʻO ka hanana mele nui loa ma Lithuania ʻo ia ka ballet Eglė the Queen of the Serpents (1960, original lib.), kahi i hana ʻia ai ka pahu kiʻiʻoniʻoni mua ma ka repubalika. He moʻolelo poʻomanaʻo mele kēia e pili ana i ka hilinaʻi a me ke aloha i ka lanakila ʻana i ka hewa a me ka hoʻopunipuni. No nā ʻaoʻao maikaʻi loa o nā mele Lithuania nā kiʻi pena kai ʻulaʻula, nā hiʻohiʻona ʻano poʻomanaʻo, nā ʻāpana lyrical spiritualized o ka ballet. ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o ke kai kekahi o nā hana punahele a Balsis (i nā makahiki 50 ua hana ʻo ia i paʻi hou o ka symphonic poem "The Sea" na MK I ka makahiki 1980, huli hou ka mea haku mele i ke kumuhana moana. ʻO kēia manawa ma kahi ala pōʻino - ma ʻO ka opera Journey to Tilsit (ma muli o ka moʻolelo pōkole o ka inoa hoʻokahi e ka mea kākau Kelemānia X. Zuderman "Lithuanian Stories", lib. nona iho). Maanei ua hana ʻo Balsias i mea hana i kahi ʻano hou no ka opera Lithuanian - kahi symphonized psychological. keaka mele, hoʻoili i ka moʻomeheu o A. Berg's Wozzeck.

ʻO ke kamaʻāina, ka hoihoi i nā pilikia wela o ko mākou manawa i ʻike ʻia me ka ikaika nui i nā mele mele o Balsis, i kākau ʻia me ka hui pū ʻana me nā haku mele nui loa o Lithuania - E. Mezhelaitis a me E. Matuzevičius (cantatas "Bringing the Sun" a me "Glory to. Lenin!”) A ʻoi loa - ma ka oratorio e pili ana i nā mele a ka haku mele V. Palchinokayte "Mai hoʻopā i ka honua polū", (1969). ʻO ia me kēia hana, i hana mua ʻia ma ka Wroclaw Music Festival i ka makahiki 1969, ua loaʻa i ka hana a Balsis ka ʻike aupuni a komo i ke kahua honua. I ka makahiki 1953, ʻo ka mea haku mele ka mea mua ma ka mele Lithuanian e kamaʻilio i ke kumuhana o ka paio no ka maluhia ma ka Heroic Poem, e hoʻomohala ana ma Dramatic Frescoes no ka piano, violin and orchestra (1965). Hōʻike ka oratorio i ke alo o ke kaua ma kāna ʻano weliweli loa - ʻo ka poʻe pepehi kanaka o ka wā kamaliʻi. I ka makahiki 1970, e kamaʻilio ana i ka hālāwai kūkā o ka honua o ISME (International Association of Children's Music Education) ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka oratorio "Mai hoʻopā i ka honua polū", ʻōlelo ʻo D. Kabalevsky: "ʻO ka oratorio o Eduardas Balsis kahi hana pōʻino. e waiho ana i kahi manaʻo indelible me ka hohonu o ka noʻonoʻo, ka mana o ka manaʻo , ke kaumaha o loko. ʻO nā ʻano pilikino kanaka o ka hana a Balsis, ʻo kona ʻano ʻike i ke kaumaha a me ka hauʻoli o ke kanaka e pili mau ana i ko mākou wā hou, he kamaʻāina o ke kenekulia XNUMX.

G. Zhdanova