Fritz Busch |

Fritz Busch

ʻO ka ʻohana o kahi mea hana violin haʻahaʻa mai ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Westphalian ʻo Siegen i hāʻawi i ka honua i ʻelua mau mea pena kaulana - nā kaikunāne Bush. ʻO kekahi o lākou ka mea hoʻokani pila kaulana ʻo Adolf Busch, ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe ka mea hoʻokele kaulana ʻo Fritz Busch.

Ua aʻo ʻo Fritz Busch ma Cologne Conservatory me Betcher, Steinbach a me nā kumu ʻike ʻē aʻe. E like me Wagner, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kāna ʻoihana alakaʻi ma ka Riga City Opera House, kahi āna i hana ai no ʻekolu makahiki (1909-1311). I ka makahiki 1912, ua lilo ʻo Busch i "luna mele o ke kūlanakauhale" ma Aachen, a loaʻa koke ka kaulana me nā hana o nā oratorio monumental na Bach, Brahms, Handel a me Reger. Akā, ʻo ka hana pūʻali koa i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua Mua i hoʻopau i kāna mau hana mele.

I Iune 1918, ua hoʻi hou ʻo Bush ma ke kahua o ke alakaʻi. Ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ka Stuttgart Orchestra, e pani ana i ke alakaʻi kaulana ʻo M. von Schillings ma laila, a i ka makahiki aʻe, ʻo ka hale keaka. Ma ʻaneʻi ke hana nei ka mea pena ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolaha i nā mele hou, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hana a P. Hindemith.

Hiki mai ka la nui o ka hana noeau a Bush i ka makahiki iwakalua, i kona alakai ana i ka Dresden State Opera. Ua pili kona inoa me ia mau hana o ka hale keaka e like me ka mua o ka opera "Intermezzo" a me "Egyptian Elena" na R. Strauss; Ua hoʻokani ʻia ʻo Boris Godunov o Mussorgsky no ka manawa mua ma ke kahua Kelemania ma lalo o ka pahu o Bush. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Bush i ke ola o nā hana a nā mea haku mele kaulana i kēia manawa. Aia ma waena o lākou nā opera Protagonist na K. Weil, Cardillac na P. Hindemith, Johnny Plays na E. Krenek. I ka manawa like, ma hope o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka "House of Festivals" ma nā wahi e pili ana i Dresden - Hellerau, ua nānā nui ʻo Bush i ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana o nā haku hana o ke kahua kiʻi o Gluck a me Handel.

ʻO kēia mau mea a pau i lawe mai iā Fritz Busch i ke aloha o ka lehulehu a me ka mahalo nui i waena o nā hoahana. He nui nā huakaʻi ʻē aʻe i hoʻoikaika i kona kaulana. He mea maʻamau ia i ka manawa i kono ʻia ai ʻo Richard Strauss i Dresden e alakaʻi i ka opera Salome e pili ana i ka makahiki iwakāluakūmālima o ka hana mua, ua hoʻoikaika ʻo ia i kona hōʻole ʻana e hana penei: Salome "e lanakila, a i kēia manawa ka mea kūpono o Shuh. ʻO ka Bush kupanaha, pono iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka hana makahiki. Pono kaʻu mau hana i kahi alakaʻi me ka lima maikaʻi a me ka mana piha, a ʻo Bush wale nō.

Ua noho mau ʻo Fritz Busch i alakaʻi no ka Dresden Opera a hiki i ka makahiki 1933. Ma hope koke iho o ka hopu ʻia ʻana o ka mana e ka poʻe Nazi, ua hoʻokau ka poʻe pōā fascist i kahi keʻakeʻa ʻino o ka mea hoʻokani mele holomua i ka wā o ka hana hou a Rigoletto. Ua haʻalele ka maestro kaulana i kāna kūlana a ua neʻe koke i ʻAmelika Hema. Noho ʻo ia ma Buenos Aires, hoʻomau ʻo ia e alakaʻi i nā hana a me nā ʻaha mele, ua huakaʻi maikaʻi ʻo ia i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a hiki i 1939 i ʻEnelani, kahi i hauʻoli ai ʻo ia i ke aloha lehulehu.

Ma hope o ka pio ʻana o Nazi Kelemānia, kipa mau ʻo Bush i ʻEulopa. Ua lanakila ka mea pena kiʻi i nā lanakila hope loa me nā hana ma Glyndebourne a me Edinburgh festival ma 1950-1951. Ma mua koke o kona make ʻana, hana maikaʻi ʻo ia ma Edinburgh "Don Giovanni" na Mozart a me "The Force of Destiny" na Verdi.

"Contemporary Conductors", M. 1969.