Pehea e koho ai i kahi microphone? Nā ʻano microphones

Microphones. Nā ʻano transducers.

ʻO ka ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o kēlā me kēia microphone ka pickup. Ma ke kumu, ʻelua mau ʻano transducers: dynamic a capacitive.

Nā microphones ikaika loaʻa i kahi hoʻolālā maʻalahi a ʻaʻole koi i kahi lako mana waho. E hoʻopili wale iā lākou me kahi kaula XLR wahine - XLR kāne a XLR wahine paha - Jack 6, 3 mm i kahi mea hopu hōʻailona e like me ka mixer, powermixer a i ʻole ka leo leo. He lōʻihi loa lākou. Kūleʻa maikaʻi lākou i ke kani kani kiʻekiʻe. He kūpono lākou no ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kumu kani leo nui. Hiki ke kapa ʻia ko lākou ʻano kani mehana.

Kūkākūkā e hoʻopane ʻana loaʻa i kahi ʻano paʻakikī. Pono lākou i kahi kumu mana i hoʻolako pinepine ʻia e ke ʻano mana phantom (ʻo ka volta maʻamau ʻo 48V). No ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou, pono ʻoe i kahi XLR wahine - XLR male kelepona i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o kahi kumu i loaʻa kahi mana Phantom. No laila pono ʻoe i kahi mixer, powermixer a i ʻole leo leo e komo pū me ka Phantom. I kēia mau lā, he mea maʻamau kēia ʻenehana, ʻoiai hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mixers, nā hui mana a me nā leo leo me ka ʻole. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā microphones condenser i ke kani, kahi e kaulana ai lākou i nā studio. Kaulike a maʻemaʻe ko lākou kala. Loaʻa iā lākou ka pane alapine maikaʻi. Eia nō naʻe, paʻakikī loa lākou i makemake pinepine ai ka poʻe mele i nā pale microphone no lākou i ʻole kani maikaʻi nā leo e like me "p" a i ʻole "sh".

ʻO kahi mea hoihoi, ʻo nā microphones i kūkulu ʻia ma ke kumu o ka transducer lipine (nā ʻano transducers ikaika). Ma ka Polani i kapaia ribbon. Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia ko lākou kani ʻana me ka maʻalahi. Manaʻo ʻia no ka poʻe makemake e hana hou i nā ʻano sonic o nā hoʻopaʻa leo kahiko o nā mea kani āpau mai ia manawa, a me nā leo.

Microfony cardoidalne kuhikuhi ʻia ma kahi ʻaoʻao. Lawe lākou i ke kani i mua ou i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kani a puni ʻoe. Hoʻohana maikaʻi loa i nā kaiapuni walaʻau no ka mea he haʻahaʻa ko lākou manaʻo.

Nā microphones Supercardoid Hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao a hoʻokaʻawale i nā leo mai nā wahi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke ʻohi i nā kani mai hope mai ko lākou wahi kokoke, no laila i ka wā o nā ʻahamele e nānā pono i ke kūlana kūpono o nā mea hoʻolohe. Kūleʻa loa lākou i ka manaʻo.

Ua kapa ʻia nā microphones cardoid a me supercardoid microphones unidirectional.

Nā microphones-directionale like me ka inoa, ʻohi lākou i nā leo mai nā ʻaoʻao a pau. Ma muli o kā lākou hoʻolālā, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka manaʻo. Me hoʻokahi microphone e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i kahi hui o nā mea mele he nui, choristers a i ʻole mea kani i ka manawa like.

E mau ana microphones ʻelua ala. ʻO ka mea maʻamau he microphones me nā transducers lipine. Lawe like lākou i ke kani mai mua a ma hope, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kani ma nā ʻaoʻao. Mahalo i kēia, me ka microphone hoʻokahi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ʻelua kumu i ka manawa like, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻonui i hoʻokahi kumu me ka pilikia ʻole.

Ka nui diaphragm

Ma ka mōʻaukala, ua māhele ʻia nā membrane i ka nui a me ka liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai i kēia mau lā hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā diaphragms liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi i nā alapine kiʻekiʻe, aʻo nā diaphragms nui e hāʻawi i nā microphones i kahi leo piha a puni. Loaʻa i nā diaphragms waena nā hiʻohiʻona waena.

Nā noi o kēlā me kēia ʻano

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i ka manaʻo i luna ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa me nā laʻana o nā kumu kani like ʻole.

Hoʻohana nā mea leo i nā microphones dynamic a condenser. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea ikaika ma ke kahua leo nui, a me nā mea capacitive i nā kūlana kaʻawale. ʻAʻole kēia e ʻōlelo ʻaʻole pono nā microphones condenser i nā kūlana "ola". ʻOiai i nā gigs, pono e noʻonoʻo nā mea nona nā leo maʻalahi i nā microphones condenser. Eia nō naʻe, inā manaʻo ʻoe e hīmeni me ka leo nui i loko o kahi microphone, e hoʻomanaʻo e hiki i nā microphones dynamic ke hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi i ke kani kani kiʻekiʻe, pili pū kekahi i ke keena. ʻO ke kuhikuhi ʻana o ka microphone no nā leo e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka helu o nā mea hīmeni a i ʻole nā ​​mea hīmeni e hoʻohana ana i hoʻokahi microphone i ka manawa. No nā leo a pau, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā microphones me nā diaphragms nui.

Nā kīkā uila e hoʻouna i ka hōʻailona i nā mea hoʻonui. ʻOiai ʻaʻole pono nā mea hoʻonui transistor i nā leo kiʻekiʻe e kani maikaʻi, pono e "hoʻohuli ʻia" nā amplifiers paipu. No kēia kumu, manaʻo nui ʻia nā mic dynamic no nā kīkā uila, no ka studio a no ke kahua. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā microphones condenser me ka pilikia ʻole no ka mana haʻahaʻa, ka mana haʻahaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻonui i ka paipu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi inā makemake ʻoe i kahi hoʻopuka kani maʻemaʻe. ʻO nā microphones unidirectional ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia. ʻO ka nui o ka diaphragm e pili ana i nā makemake sonic pilikino.

Nā kīkā bass lawe pū lākou i kahi hōʻailona i nā amplifier. Inā makemake mākou e hoʻonui iā lākou me kahi microphone, hoʻohana mākou i nā microphones me kahi pane alapine hiki ke kiʻi i nā leo haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻOi ʻia ka kuhikuhi ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi. ʻO ka koho ma waena o ka condenser a me ka microphone dynamic e pili ana i ka leo nui o ke kumu kani, ʻo ia hoʻi ka bass amplifier. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o lākou ma ka studio a ma ke kahua. Eia kekahi, makemake ʻia kahi diaphragm nui.

Nā pahu pahu pono lākou i kekahi mau microphones no kā lākou kani kani. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, pono nā wāwae i nā microphones me nā waiwai like me nā kī kī bass, a me nā pahu hoʻopahele a me nā tom e like me nā kī kī uila, no laila ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā microphones ikaika ma laila. Hoʻololi ke kūlana me ke kani o nā kimebala. Hoʻopuka hou nā microphones condenser i nā kani o kēia mau ʻāpana o ka pahu pahu, he mea nui loa ia no nā hihats a me nā poʻo. Ma muli o ke ʻano kikoʻī o kahi pahu pahu, kahi e pili pono ai nā microphones, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā microphones unidirectional inā hoʻonui ʻia kēlā me kēia mea kani. Hiki i nā microphones omni-directional ke kiʻi i nā mea kani percussion i ka manawa hoʻokahi me ka lanakila nui, ʻoiai e hōʻike pono ana i ka acoustics o ka lumi kahi i kau ʻia ai nā pahu. Pono pono nā microphones diaphragm liʻiliʻi no nā hihats a me nā poʻo, a me nā wāwae percussion diaphragm nui. I ka hihia o snare a me toms he mea kumuhana ia, ma muli o ke kani āu e makemake ai e hoʻokō.

Nā kikā kani Hoʻonui pinepine ʻia e nā microphones condenser unidirectional, no ka mea he mea koʻikoʻi ka maʻemaʻe o ka hoʻopuka leo i kēia hihia. He haʻahaʻa loa ke kaomi kani no nā kīkā acoustic i pilikia no nā microphones condenser. ʻO ke koho o ka nui diaphragm e pili ana i nā makemake sonic pilikino.

Mea kani o ka makani hoʻonui ʻia e nā microphones dynamic a condenser, ʻelua ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka manawa pinepine he koho e pili ana i nā manaʻo kumuhana pili i kahi kani mahana a maʻemaʻe paha. Eia naʻe, i ka hihia o, no ka laʻana, nā pū me ka ʻole o ka muffler, hiki mai nā pilikia me nā microphones condenser ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kani kani. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hiki i nā microphones condenser mamao omni-directional ke kiʻi i nā mea kani makani i ka manawa hoʻokahi, ʻike pinepine ʻia i loko o nā pūʻulu keleawe, akā ʻaʻole pinepine i nā hui me kahi ʻāpana keleawe. Hāʻawi ʻia kahi leo piha piha no nā mea kani makani e nā microphones me kahi diaphragm nui, kahi mea nui loa i kā lākou hihia. Inā makemake ʻia kahi leo ʻoi aku ka māmā, hiki ke hoʻohana mau ʻia nā microphones diaphragm liʻiliʻi.

Nā mea kani Hoʻonui pinepine ʻia me nā microphones condenser, no ka mea, ʻaʻole kūpono ke kala mehana e pili ana me nā microphones ikaika i kā lākou hihia. Hoʻonui ʻia kekahi mea kani me ka microphone unidirectional. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia kekahi mau kaula ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i hoʻokahi microphone unidirectional i kēlā me kēia mea kani, a i ʻole me ka hoʻohana ʻana i hoʻokahi microphone omni-directional. Inā makemake ʻoe i ka hoʻouka ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki, e laʻa i ka wā e pāʻani ai i ka pizzicato, ʻōlelo ʻia nā microphones diaphragm liʻiliʻi, e hāʻawi pū ana i kahi kani ʻoi aku ka mālamalama. No ke kani piha, hoʻohana ʻia nā microphones me ka diaphragm nui aʻe.

kuka Ma muli o kona ʻano, hoʻonui pinepine ʻia e 2 condenser microphones. Ma muli o ka hopena a mākou e makemake ai e hoʻokō, hoʻohana ʻia nā microphones unidirectional a i ʻole omni-directional. ʻO ka pinepine, hoʻonui ʻia nā kaula lahilahi me kahi microphone me kahi diaphragm liʻiliʻi, a me nā mea mānoanoa me ka diaphragm ʻoi aku ka nui, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā microphones 2 me ka diaphragm nui inā e piha nā memo kiʻekiʻe.

Loaʻa

He mea koʻikoʻi ke koho ʻana i ka microphone kūpono inā makemake ʻoe e hoʻonui i nā leo a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea kani i ka wā o ka ʻaha mele a i ʻole hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka home a i ʻole ke keena. Hiki i ka microphone i koho maikaʻi ʻole ke hōʻino i ke kani, no laila he mea nui e hoʻohālikelike iā ia me kahi kumu kani i hāʻawi ʻia e loaʻa ai ka hopena kūpono.

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