Janis Andreevich Ivanov (Jānis Ivanovs) |

ʻO Janis Ivanovs

Ma waena o nā mea hoʻokumu i ka symphony Soviet, kahi o nā wahi koʻikoʻi i noho pono ʻia e Y. Ivanov. Hoʻopili ʻia kona inoa me ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka symphony Latvian, kahi āna i hoʻolaʻa kokoke ai i kona ola hana holoʻokoʻa. He ʻokoʻa ka hoʻoilina o Ivanov i ke ʻano: me nā symphonies, ua hana ʻo ia i nā hana symphonic papahana (poems, overtures, etc.), 1936 concertos, 3 mau mele no ka papa mele a me ka orchestra, kahi helu o nā hui keena (me 2 string quartets, piano trio. ), haku mele no ka piano (sonatas, variations, cycle “Twenty-Four Sketches”), mele, mele kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Akā i loko o ka symphony i hōʻike ʻo Ivanov iā ia iho me ka maopopo loa a me ka piha. Ma kēia ʻano, pili loa ka ʻano hana o ka haku mele iā N. Myaskovsky. Ua ulu ka talena o Ivanov no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hoʻomaikaʻi mālie a ʻike i nā ʻano hou. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā loina noʻeau ma ke kumu o ka moʻomeheu ʻEulopa a me Rūsia, i hoʻonui ʻia me ke ʻano o ka lāhui, hilinaʻi i ka moʻolelo Latvian.

I loko o ka puʻuwai o ka mea haku mele, ʻo kona ʻāina ʻo Latgale, ka ʻāina o nā loko uliuli, kahi i hānau ʻia ai i loko o kahi ʻohana mahiʻai, ua paʻi mau ʻia. ʻO nā kiʻi o ka Motherland ma hope mai i ola i ka Sixth (“Latgale”) Symphony (1949), kekahi o nā mea maikaʻi loa i kāna hoʻoilina. I kona wā ʻōpiopio, ua koi ʻia ʻo Ivanov e lilo i limahana mahiʻai, akā mahalo i ka hana ikaika a me ka hoʻolaʻa, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia e komo i ka Conservatory Riga, kahi i puka ai ʻo ia i ka makahiki 1933 i ka papa haku mele me J. Vitols a ma ka papa alakaʻi me G. ʻO Shnefogt. Ua hāʻawi ka mea haku mele i ka ikaika nui i ka hoʻonaʻauao a me nā hana aʻoaʻo. No ka aneane 30 makahiki (a hiki i ka makahiki 1961) ua hana 'o ia ma ka lekiō, ma hope o ke kaua, ua alaka'i 'o ia i ke alaka'i o ka ho'olaha mele o ka repubalika. He waiwai nui ko Ivanov i ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana i nā haku haku mele ma Latvia. Mai kāna papa conservatory, āna i aʻo ai mai ka makahiki 1944, ua puka mai nā haku nui o nā mele Latvian: ma waena o lākou ʻo J. Karlsone, O. Gravitis, R. Pauls a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ke ala holoʻokoʻa o Ivanov i hoʻoholo ʻia e nā ala o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, kahi i lilo ai kāna symphonies i mea nui. E like me nā symphonies o D. Shostakovich, hiki ke kapa ʻia lākou ʻo "chronicle of the era." Hoʻokomo pinepine ka mea haku mele i nā mea o ka papahana i loko o lākou - hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā wehewehe kikoʻī (ʻeono), nā poʻo inoa o ka pōʻaiapuni a i ʻole kona mau ʻāpana (ʻehā, "Atlantis" - 1941; ʻumikumamālua, "Sinfonia energica" - 1967; ʻumikumamākolu, "Symphonia humana" - 1969), hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka symphony (ka ʻumikūmāhā, "Sinfonia da camera" no nā string - 1971; ʻo ka ʻumikūmākolu, ma ka st. Z. Purvs, me ke komo ʻana o ka mea heluhelu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), hoʻohou i kona ʻano kūloko. . ʻO ke kumu maoli o ke ʻano hana hana a Ivanov ka mea e hoʻoholo nui ai i kāna mele ākea, ʻo ke kumu o ia mea aia ma ka mele Latvian folk, akā pili pū kekahi me ka haku mele Slavic.

ʻO ka symphonism o ka haku Latvian he multifaceted: e like me Myaskovsky, hoʻohui ia i nā lālā ʻelua o ka symphony Lūkini - epic a me ka dramatic. I ka wā mua, epic picturesqueness, lyrical genre lanakila i loko o Ivanov hana, i ka manawa, kona kaila ua increasingly waiwai e ka paio, keaka, hiki i ka hopena o ke ala kiʻekiʻe simplicity a me ka naʻauao akeakamai. He waiwai a he ʻokoʻa ka honua o nā mele a Ivanov: eia nā kiʻi o ke ʻano, nā kiʻi o kēlā me kēia lā, nā mele a me nā pōʻino. He keiki ʻoiaʻiʻo o kona poʻe kānaka, ua pane ʻo ia me ka puʻuwai piha i ko lākou ʻehaʻeha a me ka hauʻoli. ʻO kekahi o nā wahi koʻikoʻi o ka hana a ka mea haku mele, ʻo ia ke kumuhana kīwila. I kēia manawa i ka makahiki 1941, ʻo ia ka mea mua ma Latvia e pane i nā hanana o ke kaua me ka symphony-allegory "Atlantis", a ma hope i hoʻonui i kēia kumuhana i ka Fifth (1945) a ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā symphonies ʻeiwa (1960). Ua lilo ʻo Ivanov i paionia ma ka hōʻike ʻana i ke kumumanaʻo Leninist, hoʻolaʻa i ka Symphony ʻumikumamākolu i ka makahiki 100 o ke alakaʻi. Ua loaʻa mau i ka mea haku mele ka manaʻo o ke kuleana, he kuleana kiʻekiʻe no ka hopena o kona poʻe, āna i lawelawe pono ai ʻaʻole wale me ka noʻonoʻo, akā me kāna mau hana kaiaulu. I ka lā 3 o Mei, 1984, ua hoʻokō ʻia ʻo Twenty-First Symphony a ka mea haku mele, i hoʻopau ʻia e ka haumāna a Ivanov ʻo J. Karlsons, ma Riga, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia he hōʻailona o kahi mea pena kiʻi nui, ʻo kāna "moʻolelo ʻoiaʻiʻo e pili ana i ka manawa a me ia iho."

G. Zhdanova