Mario Del Monaco |

ʻO Mario Del Monaco

I ka 20 makahiki o ka make

Haumana o L. Melai-Palazzini a me A. Melocchi. Ua hana ʻo ia i kāna hana mua ma 1939 ʻo Turridu (Mascagni's Rural Honor, Pesaro), e like me nā kumu ʻē aʻe - ma 1940 ma ka ʻāpana like ma Teatro Communale, Calli, a i ʻole ma 1941 ʻo Pinkerton (Puccini's Madama Butterfly, Milan). I ka makahiki 1943, ua hoʻokani ʻo ia ma ke kahua o ka hale keaka ʻo La Scala, ʻo Milan ʻo Rudolph (Puccini's La Boheme). Mai ka makahiki 1946 ua hīmeni ʻo ia ma Covent Garden, Lākana, i ka makahiki 1957-1959 ua hoʻokani ʻo ia ma ka Metropolitan Opera, New York (nā ʻāpana o De Grieux ma Puccini's Manon Lescaut; José, Manrico, Cavaradossi, Andre Chenier). I ka makahiki 1959 ua huakaʻi ʻo ia i ka USSR, kahi āna i lanakila ai ma Canio (Pagliacci na Leoncavallo; alakaʻi - V. Nebolsin, Nedda - L. Maslennikova, Silvio - E. Belov) a me Jose (Carmen na Bizet; alakaʻi - A. Melik -Pashaev. , ma ke poʻo inoa - I. Arkhipova, Escamillo - P. Lisitsian). I ka makahiki 1966, hana 'o ia i ka hapa o Sigmund (Wagner's Valkyrie, Stuttgart). I ka makahiki 1974 ua hana ʻo ia i ke kuleana o Luigi (Puccini's Cloak, Torre del Lago) i kahi hana i ka manawa o ka makahiki kanalima o ka make ʻana o ka mea haku mele, a me kekahi mau hana o Pagliacci ma Vienna. I ka makahiki 1975, ua hāʻawi ʻo ia i 11 mau hana i loko o 20 mau lā (nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻo San Carlo, Naples a me Massimo, Palermo), ua hoʻopau ʻo ia i kahi ʻoihana maikaʻi i hala ma mua o 30 mau makahiki. Ua make ʻo ia ma hope koke o kahi ulia kaʻa ma 1982. ʻO ka mea kākau o nā memoir "ʻO koʻu ola a me koʻu mau kūleʻa."

ʻO Mario Del Monaco kekahi o nā mea mele nui loa a kaulana loa o ke kenekulia XNUMX. ʻO ka haku nui loa o ke kenekulia waena bel canto, ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i ke ʻano larynx haʻahaʻa āna i aʻo ai mai Melocchi i ka hīmeni ʻana, i hāʻawi iā ia i ka hiki ke hoʻopuka i kahi leo o ka mana nui a me ka nani kila. Maikaʻi no nā hana heroic-dramatic ma Verdi hope a me verist operas, kū hoʻokahi i ka momona o ka timbre a me ka ikehu, ua like ka leo o Del Monaco me he mea lā i haku ʻia no ka hale keaka, ʻoiai i ka manawa like ʻaʻole maikaʻi ʻo ia i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Del Monaco ʻo ka tenor di forza hope loa, nona ka leo i hoʻonani i ka nani o bel canto i ka makahiki i hala aku nei a ua like ia me nā haku nui loa o ke kenekulia XNUMX. ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi ke hoʻohālikelike me ia ma ke ʻano o ka mana kani a me ka hoʻomanawanui, ʻaʻohe mea, me ka mea mele Italia koʻikoʻi o ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia XNUMX, ʻo Francesco Tamagno, ka mea i hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia ka leo hekili o Del Monaco, ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama. ka maemae a me ka hou no ka manawa loihi. kani.

ʻO nā kikoʻī o ka hoʻonohonoho leo (ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā paʻi nui, indistinct pianissimo, ka subordination o ka intonational integrity i ka pāʻani affective) hāʻawi i ka mea mele me kahi haʻihaʻi loa, ka hapa nui o ka dramatic repertoire, ʻo ia hoʻi he 36 mau opera, akā naʻe, ua hōʻea ʻo ia i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. (nā ʻāpana o Ernani, Hagenbach (“Valli” na Catalani ), Loris (“Fedora” na Giordano), Manrico, Samesona (“Samson and Delilah” na Saint-Saens)), a me nā ʻāpana o Pollione (“Norma” na ʻO Bellini), ʻo Alvaro ("Force of Destiny" na Verdi), Faust ("Mephistopheles" na Boito ), Cavaradossi (Puccini's Tosca), Andre Chenier (Giordano's opera of the same name), Jose, Canio and Otello (ma Verdi's opera) ua lilo i mea maikaʻi loa i kāna papa mele, a ʻo kā lākou hana ka ʻaoʻao ʻoi loa o ka honua o ke kiʻi opera. No laila, ma kāna kūlana maikaʻi loa, ʻo Othello, ua uhi ʻo Del Monaco i kāna mau mua a pau, a me he mea lā ʻaʻole i ʻike ka honua i kahi hana maikaʻi aʻe i ka makahiki 1955. No kēia kuleana, ka mea i ho'ōla i ka inoa o ka mea mele, i ka makahiki 22 ua loaʻa iā ia ka makana Golden Arena, i hāʻawi ʻia no nā hana koʻikoʻi loa i ka hana opera. No nā makahiki 1950 (debut - 1972, Buenos Aires; hana hope loa - 427, Brussels) Ua hīmeni ʻo Del Monaco i kēia ʻāpana paʻakikī loa o ka repertoire tenor XNUMX mau manawa, e hoʻonohonoho ana i kahi moʻolelo hoʻoweliweli.

He mea nui hoʻi e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea mele ma nā ʻāpana āpau o kāna repertoire ua hoʻokō i kahi hui nani o ka hīmeni ʻana a me ka hana puʻuwai, e koi ana, e like me nā mea nānā he nui, e aloha ʻiʻo i ka pōʻino o kāna mau ʻano. Ua ʻeha ʻia e ka ʻeha o kahi ʻuhane ʻeha, mehameha ʻo Canio, i ke aloha me ka wahine ʻo Jose e pāʻani ana me kona mau manaʻo, ua ʻae ʻo ia i ka make ʻana o Chenier, i ka hope loa i hāʻule i kahi hoʻolālā insidious, he naive, hilinaʻi wiwo ʻole Moor - Del Monaco hiki iā ia ke hana. e hōʻike i ka manaʻo holoʻokoʻa ma ke ʻano he mele a he mea pena kiʻi nui.

Ua like like ʻo Del Monaco me ke kanaka. ʻO ia ka mea i ka hopena o nā makahiki 30 i hoʻoholo e hoʻopaʻa i kekahi o kāna mau hoaaloha kahiko, ka mea e hoʻolaʻa iā ia iho i ka opera. ʻO Renata Tebaldi kona inoa a ʻo ka hōkū o kēia mele mele nui i manaʻo ʻia e ʻālohilohi i kekahi hapa no ka mea ua wānana kāna hoa hana, ka mea i hoʻomaka i ka hana solo, i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Me Tebaldi i makemake ai ʻo Del Monaco e hoʻokani i kāna mea aloha ʻo Othello, e ʻike ana paha iā ia i kahi kanaka kokoke iā ia iho ma ke ʻano: aloha ʻole i ka opera, e noho ana i loko, hiki ke hāʻawi i kekahi mōhai no ia, a i ka manawa like me ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ākea ākea. ʻano a me ka puʻuwai nui . Me Tebaldi, ua ʻoi aku ka mālie: ua ʻike lāua ʻaʻohe mea like a no lāua ka noho aliʻi o ka opera honua (ma ka liʻiliʻi ma loko o nā palena o kā lākou repertoire). Ua hīmeni ʻo Del Monaco me kekahi mōʻī wahine ʻo Maria Callas. Me koʻu aloha a pau iā Tebaldi, ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke ʻike ʻo Norma (1956, La Scala, Milan) a i ʻole André Chenier, i hana ʻia e Del Monaco me Callas, he mau mea hana nui. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo Del Monaco lāua ʻo Tebaldi, nā mea i kūpono i kekahi i kekahi ma ke ʻano he mau mea pena, ʻokoʻa nā ʻokoʻa o kā lākou repertoire, ua kaupalena ʻia hoʻi e kā lākou ʻano leo: ʻo Renata, e ʻimi nei i ka maʻemaʻe intonational, i kekahi manawa nā nuances pili, ua hoʻopau ʻia e ka mele ikaika o ʻO Mario, ka mea i makemake e hōʻike piha i nā mea e hana nei i loko o ka ʻuhane o kāna meʻe. ʻOiai, ʻo wai ka mea ʻike, ʻo ia paha ka wehewehe maikaʻi loa, no ka mea, ʻaʻole paha ʻo Verdi a i ʻole ʻo Puccini i kākau wale i hiki iā mākou ke lohe i kahi paukū a piano paha i hoʻokani ʻia e kahi soprano, ke koi ʻia kahi keonimana i hōʻeha ʻia e wehewehe mai kāna mea aloha a i ʻole. he kanaka koa elemakule i ke aloha i ka wahine opio.

Ua hana nui ʻo Del Monaco no ka hana ʻoihana Soviet. Ma hope o ka huakaʻi i ka makahiki 1959, hāʻawi ʻo ia i kahi loiloi hoihoi i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Lūkini, ʻo ia hoʻi, e ʻike ana i ka ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe loa o Pavel Lisitsian ma ke ʻano o Escamillo a me nā mākau hana kupanaha o Irina Arkhipova ma ke kuleana o Carmen. ʻO ka hope ka mea hoʻoikaika i ke kono a Arkhipova e hoʻokani ma ka Neapolitan San Carlo Theatre ma 1961 ma ka hana like a me ka huakaʻi Soviet mua ma ka La Scala Theatre. Ma hope mai, he nui nā mele mele, ʻo Vladimir Atlantov, Muslim Magomaev, Anatoly Solovyanenko, Tamara Milashkina, Maria Bieshu, Tamara Sinyavskaya, i hele i kahi internship ma ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni kaulana a hoʻi mai i laila ma ke ʻano he mea haʻiʻōlelo koʻikoʻi o ke kula bel canto.

ʻO ka ʻoihana akamai, ultra-dynamic a me ka hanana nui o ka tenor nui i pau, e like me ka mea i ʻike mua ʻia, ma 1975. He nui nā wehewehe no kēia. Malia paha, ua luhi ka leo o ka mea mele mai kanakolukumamāono mau makahiki o ka hoʻoikaika mau ʻana (Del Monaco iā ia iho i kāna mau memo i ʻōlelo ai he mau kaula bass kāna a mālama mau i kāna ʻoihana tenor ma ke ʻano he hana mana; leo leo), ʻoiai nā nūpepa ma ka pō o ke kanaono makahiki o ka mea mele i ʻike i kēia manawa hiki i kona leo ke uha i ke aniani aniani ma kahi mamao o 10 mika. Hiki paha i ka mea mele iā ia iho ua luhi i kahi repertoire monotonous. Ma hope o ka makahiki 1975, ua aʻo a hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo Mario Del Monaco i kekahi mau haumāna maikaʻi loa, me ka baritone kaulana i kēia manawa ʻo Mauro Augustini. Ua make ʻo Mario Del Monaco i ka makahiki 1982 ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Mestre kokoke i Venice, ʻaʻole i hiki ke hoʻōla piha mai kahi ulia kaʻa. Ua kauoha ʻo ia e kanu iā ia iho i ka ʻaʻahu o Othello, me ka makemake paha e ʻike ʻia i mua o ka Haku ma ke ʻano o kahi mea e like me ia, i ola i kona ola, aia i ka mana o nā manaʻo mau loa.

Ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana o ka mea mele i ke kahua, ua ʻike ʻia ke koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi o ke kālena o Mario Del Monaco i ka mōʻaukala o nā hana hana honua. No laila, i ka wā o ka huakaʻi ma Mekiko, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia "ʻo ka tenor dramatic maikaʻi loa o ka poʻe ola", a ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻo Budapest iā ia i ke kūlana o ka tenor nui loa ma ka honua. Ua hoʻokani ʻo ia ma kahi kokoke i nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni nui o ka honua, mai ka Colon Theatre ma Buenos Aires a i ka Tokyo Opera.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kāna ʻoihana, ua hoʻonoho iā ia iho i ka pahuhopu o ka ʻimi ʻana i kona ala ponoʻī i ke kiʻi, a ʻaʻole i lilo i hoʻokahi o nā epigones nui o Beniamino Gigli nui, a laila hoʻomalu i ka lewa opera, ua hoʻopiha ʻo Mario Del Monaco i kēlā me kēia o kāna mau kiʻi kahua. me nā kala hou, loaʻa kona ala ponoʻī i kēlā me kēia mele mele a noho i ka hoʻomanaʻo o nā mea nānā a me nā mea pā o ka pahū, ʻeha, ʻeha, ʻā i ka lapalapa o ke aloha - ka Artist Nui.

He nui loa ka discography a ka mea mele, akā ma waena o kēia ʻano like ʻole makemake wau e nānā i nā hoʻopaʻa leo studio o nā ʻāpana (ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e Decca): – Loris in Giordano's Fedora (1969, Monte Carlo; choir and orchestra of the Monte Carlo ʻOpera, alakaʻi - Lamberto Gardelli (Gardelli); ma ke poʻo inoa - Magda Oliveiro, De Sirier - Tito Gobbi); - Hagenbach ma Catalani's "Valli" (1969, Monte-Carlo; Monte-Carlo Opera Orchestra, conductor Fausto Cleva (Cleva); ma ke poʻo inoa - Renata Tebaldi, Stromminger - Justino Diaz, Gellner - Piero Cappuccili); - Alvaro ma "Force of Destiny" na Verdi (1955, Roma; ka hui mele a me ka orchestra o ka Academy of Santa Cecilia, alakaʻi - Francesco Molinari-Pradelli (Molinari-Pradelli); Leonora - Renata Tebaldi, Don Carlos - Ettore Bastianini); - Canio ma Pagliacci na Leoncavallo (1959, Roma; ka mea hoʻokani pila a me ke mele o ka Academy of Santa Cecilia, alakaʻi - Francesco Molinari-Pradelli; Nedda - Gabriella Tucci, Tonio - Cornell MacNeil, Silvio - Renato Capecchi); - Othello (1954; ka mea hoʻokani pila a me ke mele o ka Academy of Santa Cecilia, alakaʻi - Alberto Erede (Erede); Desdemona - Renata Tebaldi, Iago - Aldo Protti).

ʻO kahi hoʻopaʻa hoʻolaha hoihoi o ka hana "Pagliacci" mai ka Bolshoi Theatre (i ka wā o nā huakaʻi i ʻōlelo ʻia). Aia pū kekahi "ola" o nā opera me ke komo ʻana o Mario Del Monaco, ma waena o lākou ʻo Pagliacci (1961; Radio Japan Orchestra, alakaʻi - Giuseppe Morelli; Nedda - Gabriella Tucci, Tonio - Aldo Protti, Silvio - Attilo D 'Orazzi) .

ʻO Albert Galeev, 2002

"ʻO kekahi o nā mea mele kaulana o kēia wā, loaʻa iā ia nā mana leo kakaʻikahi," wahi a I. Ryabova. "ʻO kona leo, me kahi ākea ākea, ka ikaika a me ka waiwai, me nā haʻahaʻa baritone a me nā memo kiʻekiʻe ʻālohilohi, ʻokoʻa i ka timbre. ʻO ka hana akamai, ke ʻano maʻalahi o ke ʻano a me ke ʻano hoʻohālike i hiki i ka mea pena ke hana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka repertoire operatic. ʻO kahi kokoke loa iā Del Monaco nā ʻāpana heroic-dramatic a me ka pōʻino i nā operas o Verdi, Puccini, Mascagni, Leoncavallo, Giordano. ʻO ka hana nui loa a ka mea pena kiʻi ʻo ia ke kuleana o Otello i ka opera a Verdi, i hana ʻia me ka makemake wiwo ʻole a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo hohonu.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Mario Del Monaco ma Florence ma Iulai 27, 1915. Ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ia ma hope: "Ua aʻo mai koʻu makuakāne a me koʻu makuahine iaʻu e aloha i ke mele mai koʻu wā kamaliʻi, hoʻomaka wau e hīmeni mai ka makahiki ʻehiku a ʻewalu paha. ʻAʻole i aʻo ʻia koʻu makuakāne i ke mele, akā ʻike maikaʻi ʻo ia i ka hana leo. Ua moeʻuhane ʻo ia e lilo kekahi o kāna mau keiki i mea mele kaulana. A ua kapa ʻo ia i kāna mau keiki ma hope o nā hero opera: ʻo wau - ʻo Mario (i ka hanohano o ke koa o "Tosca"), a me koʻu kaikaina - ʻo Marcello (i ka hanohano o Marcel mai "La Boheme"). I ka manawa mua, ua hāʻule ka koho a ka makuakāne iā Marcello; Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia ua ili mai kona kaikunāne i ka leo o kona makuahine. Ua ʻōlelo koʻu makuakāne iā ia i mua o koʻu alo: "E hīmeni ʻoe iā Andre Chenier, e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻaʻahu nani a me nā kāmaʻa heʻe kuʻekuʻe." ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua lili loa au i koʻu kaikunāne i kēlā manawa.

He ʻumi makahiki o ke keikikāne i ka wā i neʻe ai ka ʻohana i Pesaro. ʻO kekahi o nā kumu hīmeni kūloko, ua hui ʻo Mario, ua ʻōlelo ʻoluʻolu loa e pili ana i kona hiki ke kani. Hoʻonui ka mahalo, a hoʻomaka ʻo Mario e aʻo ikaika i nā ʻāpana opera.

I ka makahiki ʻumikumamākolu, ua hoʻokani mua ʻo ia i ka wehe ʻana o kahi hale keaka ma Mondolfo, kahi kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi e pili ana. E pili ana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Mario ma ke poʻo inoa ma ka ʻOpera Narcisse hoʻokahi hana a Massenet, ua kākau kekahi mea hoʻohewa ma kahi nūpepa kūloko: "Inā mālama ke keiki i kona leo, aia nā kumu āpau e manaʻoʻiʻo ai e lilo ʻo ia i mea mele maikaʻi loa."

I ka makahiki ʻumikūmāono, ua ʻike mua ʻo Del Monaco i nā aria operatic. Eia naʻe, i ka makahiki ʻumikūmāiwa wale nō, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Mario e aʻo koʻikoʻi - ma ka Conservatory Pesar, me Maestro Melocchi.

“I ko mākou hui ʻana, he kanalimakūmāhā mau makahiki ʻo Melokki. He mau mea mele i loko o kona hale, a ma waena o lākou he poʻe kaulana loa, i hele mai mai nā wahi a pau o ka honua no ka ʻōlelo aʻo. Hoʻomanaʻo au i ka hele lōʻihi ʻana ma nā alanui waena o Pesaro; hele ka maestro a puni e na haumana. He lokomaikaʻi ʻo ia. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i lawe i ke kālā no kāna mau haʻawina pilikino, ʻae wale nō i kekahi manawa e mālama ʻia i ka kofe. I ka wā i hiki ai i kekahi o kāna mau haumāna ke lawe maʻemaʻe a me ka hilinaʻi i kahi leo nani kiʻekiʻe, ua nalowale ke kaumaha mai nā maka o ka maestro no kekahi manawa. “Eia! wahi āna. “He kofe maoli b-flat!”

ʻO kaʻu mau hoʻomanaʻo koʻikoʻi loa o koʻu ola ma Pesaro ʻo ia ʻo Maestro Melocchi.

ʻO ka holomua mua o ke kanaka ʻōpio ʻo ia kona komo ʻana i ka hoʻokūkū o nā mele mele ma Roma. Ua hui ʻia ka hoʻokūkū e 180 poʻe mele mai nā wahi a pau o Italia. Ke hoʻokani nei ʻo Arias mai ka "André Chénier" a Giordano, ʻo "Arlesienne" a Cilea a me Nemorino kaulana ʻo "Her Pretty Eyes" mai Lʻelisir dʻamore, ʻo Del Monaco kekahi o nā mea lanakila ʻelima. Ua loaʻa i ka mea kiʻi kiʻi i kahi haʻawina i hāʻawi iā ia i ke kuleana e aʻo ma ke kula ma ka Hale ʻOpera Roma.

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i pōmaikaʻi kēia mau haʻawina iā Del Monaco. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻenehana i hoʻohana ʻia e kāna kumu hou i alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻomaka kona leo e mae, a nalowale kona pōʻai o ke kani. ʻEono mahina wale nō ma hope mai, i kona hoʻi ʻana i Maestro Melocchi, ua loaʻa hou kona leo.

ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, ua koho ʻia ʻo Del Monaco i ka pūʻali koa. "Akā ua laki wau," i hoʻomanaʻo ai ka mea mele. – Laki noʻu, ua kauoha ʻia kā mākou pūʻulu e kekahi kolonela - he aloha nui i ka hīmeni ʻana. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia iaʻu: "Del Monaco, e hīmeni ʻoe." A ua ʻae ʻo ia iaʻu e hele i ke kūlanakauhale, kahi aʻu i hoʻolimalima ai i kahi piano kahiko no kaʻu mau haʻawina. ʻAʻole i ʻae wale ka luna ʻāpana i ke koa akamai e hīmeni, akā hāʻawi pū kekahi iā ia i ka manawa e hoʻokani ai. No laila, i ka makahiki 1940, ma ke kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi o Calli kokoke i Pesaro, ua hīmeni mua ʻo Mario i ka ʻāpana o Turiddu ma P. Mascagni's Rural Honor.

Akā ʻo ka hoʻomaka maoli ʻana o ka ʻoihana hīmeni a ka mea pena i hoʻomaka i ka makahiki 1943, i ka wā i hana ai ʻo ia i kāna hoʻomaka maikaʻi loa ma ke kahua o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻo La Scala o Milan ma ka La Boheme o G. Puccini. Ma hope koke iho, hīmeni ʻo ia i ka ʻāpana o André Chénier. ʻO W. Giordano, ka mea i noho ma ka hana, ua hāʻawi aku i ka mea mele me kāna kiʻi me ka palapala: "I kuʻu Chenier aloha."

Ma hope o ke kaua, kaulana ʻo Del Monaco. Me ka lanakila nui, hana ʻo ia iā Radames mai Verdi's Aida ma ka Verona Arena Festival. I ka hāʻule o 1946, ua huakaʻi ʻo Del Monaco i nā ʻāina ʻē no ka manawa mua ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka hui o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Neapolitan "San Carlo". Hoʻokani ʻo Mario ma ke kahua o London's Covent Garden ma Tosca, La Boheme, Puccini's Madama Butterfly, Mascagni's Rustic Honor a me R. Leoncavallo's Pagliacci.

“… Ko e taʻu ki mui, 1947, ko ha taʻu lekooti iaʻu. Hana au he 107 manawa, himeni hoʻokahi manawa i loko o 50 lā 22 manawa, a huakaʻi mai ʻEulopa ʻĀkau a ʻAmelika Hema. Ma hope o nā makahiki o ka paʻakikī a me ka pōʻino, ua like ia me ka manaʻo. A laila, loaʻa iaʻu kahi ʻaelike kupaianaha no ka huakaʻi ma Brazil me kahi uku kupaianaha no kēlā mau manawa - ʻehā haneli a me kanahiku tausani lire no kahi hana ...

I ka makahiki 1947 ua hoʻokani au ma nā ʻāina ʻē. Ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Belgian ʻo Charleroi, hīmeni wau no nā miners Italia. Ma Stockholm ua hana au iā Tosca a me La bohème me ke komo ʻana o Tito Gobbi lāua ʻo Mafalda Favero…

Ua hoʻokūkū mua nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni iaʻu. Akā ʻaʻole au i hoʻokani me Toscanini. I koʻu hoʻi ʻana mai Geneva, kahi aʻu i hīmeni ai i ka Masquerade Ball, ua hālāwai au me ka maestro Votto ma ka Biffy Scala cafe, a ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua manaʻo ʻo ia e noi i koʻu moho iā Toscanini e komo i kahi ʻahamele i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka wehe ʻana o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni hou ʻo La Scala. “…

Ua ʻike mua au ma ke kahua o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻo La Scala i Ianuali 1949. Ua hoʻokani ʻo "Manon Lescaut" ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a Votto. Ma hope o kekahi mau mahina, kono mai ʻo Maestro De Sabata iaʻu e hīmeni i ka hana keaka ʻo André Chénier ma ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o Giordano. Hana pū ʻo Renata Tebaldi me aʻu, ka mea i lilo i hōkū o La Scala ma hope o ke komo ʻana me Toscanini i kahi ʻahamele ma ka wehe hou ʻana o ka hale keaka… "

ʻO ka makahiki 1950 i lawe mai i ka mea mele i kekahi o nā lanakila hoʻomohala koʻikoʻi i kāna moʻolelo biography ma ka Colon Theatre ma Buenos Aires. Ua hoʻokani ka mea pena no ka manawa mua ʻo Otello ma ka opera a Verdi o ka inoa hoʻokahi a ua hoʻopio i ka lehulehu ʻaʻole wale me ka leo leo maikaʻi, akā me kahi hoʻoholo hoʻokō maikaʻi loa. kiʻi. Ua lokahi nā loiloi o nā mea hoʻohewa: "ʻO ka hana a Othello i hana ʻia e Mario Del Monaco e hoʻomau ʻia i nā leka gula i ka mōʻaukala o ka Colon Theatre."

Ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Del Monaco: "Ma nā wahi āpau aʻu i hana ai, ma nā wahi āpau i kākau ai lākou e pili ana iaʻu ma ke ʻano he mele, akā ʻaʻohe mea i ʻōlelo he mea pena wau. Ua hakakā au no kēia inoa no ka manawa lōʻihi. A inā he pono iaʻu no ka hana ʻana o ka ʻāpana o Othello, ʻoiai, ua loaʻa iaʻu kekahi mea.

Ma hope o kēia, hele ʻo Del Monaco i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. He lanakila lanakila ka hana a ka mea mele ma “Aida” ma ke kahua o ka Hale Opera o Kapalakiko. Loaʻa ka lanakila hou e Del Monaco ma Nowemapa 27, 1950, e hoʻokani ana iā Des Grieux ma Manon Lescaut ma ka Metropolitan. Ua kākau kekahi o ka poʻe loiloi ʻAmelika: "ʻAʻole wale ka leo nani o ka mea pena, akā he hiʻohiʻona hōʻikeʻike hoʻi, he ʻano ʻōpio, ʻōpio, ʻaʻole hiki i kēlā me kēia tenor kaulana ke kaena. ʻO ka papa inoa kiʻekiʻe o kona leo i electrified loa i ka lehulehu, ka mea i ʻike koke iā Del Monaco ma ke ʻano he mele o ka papa kiʻekiʻe. Ua hōʻea ʻo ia i nā kiʻekiʻe maoli i ka hana hope loa, kahi i hopu ai kāna hana i ke keʻena me ka ikaika pōʻino.

"I nā makahiki 50 a me 60, hele pinepine ka mea mele i nā kūlanakauhale like ʻole ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika," i kākau ai ʻo I. Ryabova. - No nā makahiki he nui i ka manawa like ʻo ia ka poʻokela o ʻelua mau hiʻohiʻona opera honua - ʻo La Scala a me New York's Metropolitan Opera, e komo pinepine ana i nā hana e wehe ana i nā kau hou. Ma ke kuʻuna, he hoihoi nui ia mau hana i ka lehulehu. Ua hīmeni ʻo Del Monaco i nā hana he nui i lilo i poina no ka lehulehu o New York. ʻO kāna mau hoa hana nā hōkū o ka leo leo honua: Maria Callas, Giulietta Simionato. A me ka mea mele kupanaha ʻo Renata Tebaldi Del Monaco i loaʻa i nā pilina hoʻomohala kūikawā - ʻo nā hana like ʻana o nā mea pena kiʻi maikaʻi loa i lilo i hanana i ke ola mele o ke kūlanakauhale. Ua kapa ʻia ka poʻe loiloi iā lākou "ka duet gula o ka opera Italia".

ʻO ka hōʻea ʻana o Mario Del Monaco i Moscow i ke kauwela o 1959 ua hoʻāla nui i ka hoihoi i waena o nā mea mahalo i ka leo leo. A ua kūpono loa nā manaʻolana o Muscovites. Ma ke kahua o ka Bolshoi Theatre, hana ʻo Del Monaco i nā ʻāpana o Jose ma Carmen a me Canio ma Pagliacci me ka maikaʻi like.

Lanakila maoli ka holomua o ka mea pena i ia mau la. ʻO kēia ka loiloi i hāʻawi ʻia i nā hana a ka malihini Italia e ka mea mele kaulana ʻo EK Katulskaya. “Ua hui pū ʻia nā mana leo koʻikoʻi o Del Monaco i kāna hana akamai me ke akamai kupaianaha. ʻAʻole pili i ka ikaika o ka mea mele, ʻaʻole e nalowale kona leo i kona kani kala kala, palupalu a me ka nani o ka timbre, ke komo ʻana i ka hōʻike. E like me ka nani o kona leo mezzo a me ka nani, e holo wikiwiki ana i loko o ka lumi piano. ʻO ke akamai o ka hanu, e hāʻawi i ka mea mele i ke kākoʻo maikaʻi o ke kani, ka hana o kēlā me kēia leo a me nā huaʻōlelo - ʻo ia ke kumu o ka haku ʻo Del Monaco, ʻo ia ka mea e hiki ai iā ia ke lanakila kūʻokoʻa i nā pilikia leo nui; me he mea lā ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā ia nā pilikia o tessitura. Ke hoʻolohe ʻoe iā Del Monaco, me he mea lā he pau ʻole nā ​​kumuwaiwai o kāna ʻenehana leo.

Akā ʻo ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke akamai ʻenehana o ka mea mele i lalo loa i nā hana noʻeau i kāna hana.

ʻO Mario Del Monaco he mea pena kiʻi maoli a maikaʻi hoʻi: ua hoʻonani ʻia kona ʻano keʻena nani e ka ʻono a me ke akamai; ʻO nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi loa o kāna hana leo a me ke kahua e noʻonoʻo pono ʻia. A ʻo kaʻu makemake nui e hoʻokūpaʻa ʻo ia he mea hoʻokani pila. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēlā me kēia o kāna mau ʻōlelo e ka paʻakikī o ke ʻano mele. ʻAʻole hāʻawi ka mea pena i ke mele i nā hopena o waho, ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka manaʻo, a i kekahi manawa ke hana hewa nei nā mea mele kaulana loa ... ʻO ke kiʻi o Mario Del Monaco, ʻo ka hoʻonaʻauao ma ke ʻano maikaʻi loa o ka huaʻōlelo, hāʻawi iā mākou i ka manaʻo maoli o nā kumu kahiko o ke kula leo Italia.

Ua hoʻomau maikaʻi ʻia ka hana opera a Del Monaco. Akā i ka makahiki 1963, pono ʻo ia e hoʻōki i kāna hana ma hope o kona komo ʻana i kahi ulia kaʻa. Ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa wiwo ʻole ʻana i ka maʻi, ʻoluʻolu hou ka mea mele i ka lehulehu i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope.

I ka makahiki 1966, ua hoʻomaopopo ka mea mele i kāna moeʻuhane kahiko, ma ka Stuttgart Opera House Del Monaco i hana ai i ka ʻāpana o Sigmund ma R. Wagner's "Valkyrie" ma Kelemānia. He lanakila hou ia nona. Ua kono ke keiki a ka haku mele ʻo Wieland Wagner iā Del Monaco e komo i nā hana o ka Bayreuth Festival.

Ma Malaki 1975, haʻalele ka mea mele i ke kahua. I ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, hāʻawi ʻo ia i kekahi mau hana ma Palermo a me Naples. Ma ʻOkakopa 16, 1982, ua hala ʻo Mario Del Monaco.

'Ōleloʻo Irina Arkhipova, ka mea i hana me ka Italia nui ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa:

"I ke kauwela o ka makahiki 1983, ua mākaʻikaʻi ʻo Bolshoi Theatre iā Yugoslavia. ʻO ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Novi Sad, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i kona inoa, ua hoʻopōmaikaʻi iā mākou me ka pumehana, nā pua ... ʻAʻole wau e hoʻomanaʻo i ka mea nāna i hoʻopau pono i kēia lewa o ka kūleʻa, hauʻoli, lā i ka manawa koke, nāna i lawe mai i ka nūhou: “Ua make ʻo Mario Del Monaco. .” Ua lilo ia i mea ʻawaʻawa loa i loko o koʻu ʻuhane, ʻaʻole hiki ke manaʻoʻiʻo ma laila, ma Italia, ʻaʻohe Del Monaco. A ma hope o nā mea a pau, ua ʻike lākou ua maʻi nui ʻo ia no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻo ka manawa hope loa i lawe ʻia mai e ka mea hoʻopuka mele o kā mākou televise, ʻo Olga Dobrokhotova. Ua hoʻohui ʻo ia: "Ua ʻike ʻoe, ua ʻakaʻaka ʻo ia me ke kaumaha loa:" Ma ka honua, ua kū wau ma ka wāwae hoʻokahi, a ʻo ia hoʻi ke paheʻe nei i ka ʻili maiʻa. A ʻo ia wale nō…

Ua hoʻomau ka huakaʻi, a mai Italia mai, ma ke ʻano he kūʻē kūʻē i ka lā hoʻomaha kūloko, ua hiki mai nā kikoʻī e pili ana i ke aloha ʻana iā Mario Del Monaco. ʻO ia ka hana hope loa o ka opera o kona ola: ua hāʻawi ʻo ia e kanu ʻia i ka lole o kāna mea punahele punahele - ʻo Othello, ʻaʻole mamao loa mai Villa Lanchenigo. Ua lawe ʻia ka pahu kupapaʻu a hiki i ka ilina e nā mele kaulana, nā hoa aloha o Del Monaco. Akā ua maloʻo hoʻi kēia mau lono kaumaha ... A hoʻomaka koke koʻu hoʻomanaʻo, me he mea lā e hopohopo nei i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hanana hou, nā ʻike, e hoʻi mai iaʻu, kēlā me kēia, nā kiʻi pena e pili ana iā Mario Del Monaco.