Mattia Battistini (Mattia Battistini) |

Mattia Battistini

ʻO ka mea mele a me ka mea hoʻokalakupua mele S.Yu. Ua pōmaikaʻi ʻo Levika e ʻike a lohe i ka mea mele Italia:

“Ua ʻoi aku ka waiwai o Battistini i nā leo kani, i hoʻomau ʻia ke kani lōʻihi ma hope o kona hoʻōki ʻana i ke mele. Ua ʻike ʻoe ua pani ka waha o ka mea mele, a ʻo kekahi mau leo ​​e hoʻomau iā ʻoe i kona mana. ʻO kēia ʻano leo ʻoluʻolu a nani hoʻi o ka leo i hāliʻi mau i ka mea hoʻolohe, me he mea lā e hoʻopuni ana iā ia me ka pumehana.

ʻO ka leo o Battistini kekahi o nā ʻano, ʻokoʻa i waena o nā baritones. Loaʻa iā ia nā mea a pau e hōʻailona ai i kahi ʻano leo koʻikoʻi: ʻelua piha, me kahi mālama maikaʻi o nā octaves o ka leo like ʻole, like me ka palupalu ma ka laulā holoʻokoʻa, maʻalahi, kelepona, piha i ka ikaika hanohano a me ka mahana o loko. Inā manaʻo ʻoe ua hana hewa kāna kumu hope ʻo Cotogni ma ka "hana ʻana" iā Battistini he baritone a ʻaʻole he tenor, a laila he mea hauʻoli kēia kuhihewa. ʻO ka baritone, e like me kā lākou hoʻohenehene ʻana, ua lilo ia i "hoʻokahi haneli pakeneka a ʻoi aku ka nui." Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Saint-Saëns i kekahi manawa e loaʻa i ke mele ka nani i loko ona iho. ʻO ka leo o Battistini i lawe i loko ona i kahi hohonu o ka nani: he mele i loko ona.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Mattia Battistini ma Roma ma Pepeluali 27, 1856. ʻO ke keiki a nā mākua hanohano, ua loaʻa iā Battistini kahi hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi loa. I ka wā mua, ua hahai ʻo ia i nā wāwae o kona makuakāne a ua puka ʻo ia mai ke kumu lapaʻau o ke Kulanui o Roma. Eia naʻe, e hele mai ana i ka pūnāwai mai Roma a hiki i Rieti, ʻaʻole ʻo Mattia i hoʻopaʻa i kona lolo ma luna o nā puke aʻo e pili ana i ka jurisprudence, akā ua komo ʻo ia i ke mele.

"ʻAʻole liʻuliʻu, ʻoiai ke kūʻē ʻana o kona mau mākua," i kākau ai ʻo Francesco Palmeggiani, "ua haʻalele loa ʻo ia i kāna mau haʻawina ma ke kulanui a hāʻawi iā ia iho i ka hana kiʻi. ʻO Maestro Veneslao Persichini lāua ʻo Eugenio Terziani, nā kumu ʻike a hoihoi, mahalo piha i nā mana koʻikoʻi o Battistini, aloha iā ia a hoʻāʻo e hana i nā mea āpau e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻokō koke i kāna pahuhopu makemake. Na Persichini i hāʻawi iā ia i ka leo ma ka papa inoa baritone. Ma mua o kēia, ua hīmeni ʻo Battistini i ka tenor.

A no laila ua lilo ʻo Battistini, i lilo mua i lālā o ka Roman Royal Academic Philharmonic, i ka makahiki 1877 i waena o nā poʻe mele nui i hoʻokani i ka oratorio a Mendelssohn "Paul" ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Ettore Pinelli, a ma hope o ka oratorio "The Four Seasons" - kekahi o na hana nui loa a Haydn.

I ʻAukake 1878, ua loaʻa iā Battistini ka leʻaleʻa nui: ʻo ia ka manawa mua i hana ai ma ke ʻano he soloist ma ka hale pule i ka wā o ka ʻaha hoʻomana nui no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka Madonna del Assunta, i hoʻolauleʻa ʻia ma Rieti mai ka wā kahiko.

Ua hīmeni ʻo Battistini i kekahi mau mote me ka mahalo. ʻO kekahi o lākou, na ka haku mele ʻo Stame, i kapa ʻia ʻo "O Salutaris Ostia!" Ua aloha nui ʻo Battistini iā ​​ia a laila hīmeni ʻo ia iā ia ma nā ʻāina ʻē, i ka wā o kāna ʻoihana lanakila.

Ma ka lā 11 o Dekemaba, 1878, ua bapetizo ʻia ka mea mele ʻōpio ma ke kahua o ka hale keaka. Eia hou ka ʻōlelo a Palmejani:

Ua hoʻokani ʻia ka opera a Donizetti The Favorite ma ke Teatro Argentina ma Roma. ʻO kekahi Boccacci, kahi kāmaʻa kaulana i ka wā ma mua, nāna i hoʻoholo e hoʻololi i kāna ʻoihana no ka ʻoihana hanohano o kahi impresario keaka, ʻo ia ke kuleana o nā mea āpau. ʻAneʻane maikaʻi ʻo ia i nā manawa a pau, no ka mea, he pepeiao maikaʻi kona e koho pono ai i waena o nā mele kaulana a me nā alakaʻi.

I kēia manawa, akā naʻe, ʻoiai ke komo ʻana o ka soprano kaulana ʻo Isabella Galletti, kekahi o nā mea hoʻokani maikaʻi loa o ka hana ʻo Leonora ma The Favorite, a me ka tenor kaulana ʻo Rosseti, ua hoʻomaka maikaʻi ke kau. A no ka mea ua hōʻole mua ka lehulehu i nā baritones ʻelua.

Ua kamaʻāina ʻo Boccacci iā Battistini - ua hoʻolauna mua ʻo ia iā ia iho - a laila ua loaʻa iā ia kahi manaʻo wiwo ʻole a, ʻo ka mea nui loa. Ua hoʻolaha mua ʻia ka hana ahiahi i kona kauoha ʻana i ka lehulehu e hōʻike i ka maʻi o ka baritone, āna i hoʻolilo ai i ka lā ma mua me ka hāmau hōʻike. Ua lawe ʻo ia iā Battistini ʻōpio i ke alakaʻi ʻo Maestro Luigi Mancinelli.

Ua hoʻolohe ka maestro iā Battistini ma ka piano, me ka manaʻo e hīmeni ʻo ia i ka aria mai Act III "A tanto amor", a ua hauʻoli loa ia. Akā, ma mua o kona ʻae ʻana i kahi pani, ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia, inā pono, e kūkākūkā me Galletti - ʻoiai, e hīmeni pū lāua. I ke alo o ka mea mele kaulana, ua poho loa ʻo Battistini a ʻaʻole i ʻaʻa e hīmeni. Akā, ua hoʻohuli ʻo Maestro Mancinelli iā ia a i ka hopena ua ʻaʻa ʻo ia e wehe i kona waha a hoʻāʻo e hoʻokani i kahi duet me Galletti.

Ma hope o nā kaola mua loa, wehe aʻela ʻo Galletti i kona mau maka a nānā me ke kāhāhā iā Maestro Mancinelli. ʻO Battistini, ka mea e nānā ana iā ia mai ke kihi o kona maka, hauʻoli a hūnā i nā makaʻu āpau, me ka wiwo ʻole i lawe i ka duet i ka hopena.

"Ua like wau me he mau ʻēheu koʻu e ulu ana!" - ua haʻi ʻo ia ma hope, e wehewehe ana i kēia hanana hoihoi. Ua hoʻoloheʻo Galletti iā ia me ka hoihoi nui a me ka nānāʻana, eʻike ana i nā kiko'ī a pau, a ma ka hopena,ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa iā Battistini. "Ua manaʻo wau aia i mua oʻu he mea hoʻomaka wiwo ʻole," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia, "a ʻike koke wau i kahi mea pena i ʻike pono i kāna hana!"

I ka pau ʻana o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, haʻi akula ʻo Galletti iā Battistini: "E hīmeni pū wau me ʻoe me ka hauʻoli nui!"

No laila ua hoʻomaka ʻo Battistini ma ke ʻano he King Alfonso XI o Castile. Ma hope o ka hana, ua kāhāhā ʻo Mattia i ka kūleʻa i manaʻo ʻole ʻia. Kipaku ʻo Galletti iā ia mai hope o nā pākū a hoʻōho ʻo ia ma hope ona: “E puka mai i waho! E piʻi i ke kahua! Mahalo lākou iā ʻoe!” Ua hauʻoli loa ka mea mele ʻōpio a me ka huikau, no laila, makemake ʻo ia e hoʻomaikaʻi aku i ka poʻe hoʻokipa, e like me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o Fracassini, wehe ʻo ia i kona pāpale aliʻi me nā lima ʻelua!

Me ka leo a me ke akamai e like me Battistini, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke noho lōʻihi ma Italia, a haʻalele ka mea mele i kona ʻāina hānau ma hope koke o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kāna ʻoihana. Ua hīmeni ʻo Battistini ma Rūsia no iwakāluakūmāono mau kau, hoʻomau ʻia mai ka makahiki 1888 a hiki i 1914. Ua mākaʻikaʻi pū ʻo ia i Sepania, Austria, Kelemānia, Scandinavia, ʻEnelani, Belgium, Holani. A ma nā wahi a pau, ua hele pū ʻia ʻo ia me ka mahalo a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana mai nā poʻe hoʻohewa koʻikoʻi o ʻEulopa, nāna i uku iā ia me nā epithets hoʻohiwahiwa, e like me: "Maestro of all the maestros of Italian bel canto", "Living perfection", "Vocal miracle", "King of baritones". ” a me nā poʻo inoa ʻē aʻe ʻaʻole i emi iki!

I kekahi manawa ua kipa ʻo Battistini iā ​​ʻAmelika Hema. I Iulai-ʻAukake 1889, ua hele ʻo ia i kahi huakaʻi lōʻihi ma ʻAsenina, Brazil a me Uruguay. Ma hope mai, hōʻole ka mea mele e hele i ʻAmelika: ʻo ka neʻe ʻana ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka moana ua hoʻopilikia nui iā ia. Eia kekahi, ua maʻi nui ʻo ia ma ʻAmelika Hema me ke kuni melemele. "Ua hiki iaʻu ke piʻi i ka mauna kiʻekiʻe loa," wahi a Battistini, "hiki iaʻu ke iho i lalo i ka ʻōpū o ka honua, akā, ʻaʻole au e hana hou i kahi huakaʻi lōʻihi ma ke kai!"

ʻO Rusia kekahi o nā ʻāina punahele o Battistini. Ua hālāwai ʻo ia ma laila me ka ʻoi loa o ka huhū, hauʻoli, ʻōlelo paha kekahi. Ua ʻōlelo ʻakaʻaka ka mea mele "ʻaʻole i lilo ʻo Russia i ʻāina anu nona." ʻO Sigrid Arnoldson ka hoa pili mau o Battistini ma Rusia, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Swedish nightingale." No nā makahiki he nui, hīmeni pū ʻo ia me ka mea kaulana ʻo Adelina Patti, Isabella Galletti, Marcella Sembrich, Olimpia Boronat, Luisa Tetrazzini, Giannina Russ, Juanita Capella, Gemma Bellinchoni a me Lina Cavalieri. ʻO ka poʻe mele, ʻo kāna hoa pili loa ʻo Antonio Cotogni, a me Francesco Marconi, Giuliano Gaillard, Francesco Tamagno, Angelo Masini, Roberto Stagno, Enrico Caruso i hana pinepine me ia.

ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i hīmeni ai ka mea mele Polani ʻo J. Wajda-Korolevich me Battistini; Eia kāna mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai.

“He mea hīmeni maikaʻi ʻo ia. ʻAʻole au i lohe i ka leo ʻoluʻolu o koʻu ola. Ua hīmeni ʻo ia me ka ʻoluʻolu maikaʻi loa, mālama ʻia i loko o nā papa inoa a pau ka hoʻohihi kupua o kāna kani kani, hīmeni mau ʻo ia me ka maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi mau - ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hīmeni maikaʻi ʻole. Pono ʻoe e hānau ʻia me ia kani kani, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ke kala o ka leo a me ke kaulike o ka leo o ka laulā holoʻokoʻa e kekahi aʻo ʻana!

ʻOiai ʻo Figaro ma The Barber of Seville, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia. ʻO ka aria mua, paʻakikī loa ma ke ʻano o ka leo a me ka wikiwiki o ka haʻi ʻana, hana ʻo ia me ka ʻakaʻaka a me ka maʻalahi e like me ka hīmeni ʻana me ka ʻakaʻaka. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i nā ʻāpana a pau o ka opera, a inā ua lohi kekahi o nā mea pena i ka haʻi ʻōlelo, hīmeni ʻo ia nona. Ua lawelawe ʻo ia i kāna mea ʻuʻuku me ka ʻakaʻaka maʻalahi - me he mea lā ua leʻaleʻa ʻo ia iā ia iho a no kona leʻaleʻa ponoʻī ʻo ia ke hana nei i kēia mau leo ​​kamahaʻo.

Ua nani loa ʻo ia - lōʻihi, nani ke kūkulu ʻia, me ka minoʻaka nani a me nā maka ʻeleʻele nui o ka hema. ʻO kēia, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua kōkua pū kekahi i kāna holomua.

He nani nō hoʻi ʻo ia ma Don Giovanni (mele au iā Zerlina me ia). He ʻano maikaʻi loa ʻo Battistini, ʻakaʻaka a me ka ʻakaʻaka. Makemake ʻo ia e hīmeni pū me aʻu, mahalo i koʻu leo. Ke mālama nei au i kāna kiʻi me ka palapala: “Alia piu bella voce sul mondo”.

I loko o kekahi o nā kau lanakila ma Moscow, i ʻAukake 1912, i ka hoʻokani ʻana i ka opera "Rigoletto", ua nui ka uila o ka poʻe lehulehu, no ka huhū a kāhea ʻia no ka encore, pono ʻo Battistini e hana hou - a ʻaʻole kēia he hoʻonui. - ka opera holoʻokoʻa mai ka hoʻomaka a i ka hopena. Ua hoʻomaka ka hana ma ka hola ʻewalu o ke ahiahi, a i ka hola ʻekolu wale nō o ke kakahiaka!

ʻO ka hanohano ka mea maʻamau no Battistini. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Gino Monaldi, he mea kākau moʻolelo kiʻi kaulana: “Ua kau inoa wau i kahi kuʻikahi me Battistini e pili ana i kahi hana nui o ka opera a Verdi ʻo Simon Boccanegra ma ka Costanzi Theatre ma Roma. Hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi ka poʻe hele keaka kahiko iā ia. ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa nā mea iaʻu, a no laila i ke kakahiaka o ka hana ʻaʻole i loaʻa iaʻu ka nui e uku ai i ka orkestra a me Battistini iā ​​ia iho no ke ahiahi. Hele au i ka mea mele me ka huikau weliweli a hoʻomaka wau e kala mai no koʻu hemahema. Akā, hele maila ʻo Battistini i oʻu nei a ʻōlelo mai: “Inā ʻo kēia wale nō ka mea, a laila ke manaʻo nei au e hōʻoia koke wau iā ʻoe. ʻEhia ka nui āu e pono ai?" “Pono au e uku i ka orkestra, a he umikumamalima haneri lire ka'u aie ia oe. Elima tausani elima haneri lire wale no. "ʻAe," wahi āna me ka lulu lima ʻana, "eia ʻehā kaukani lira no ka mea hoʻokani pila. ʻO kaʻu kālā, e hoʻihoʻi ʻoe i ka wā hiki iā ʻoe. ʻO ia ke ʻano o Battistini!

A hiki i ka makahiki 1925, hīmeni ʻo Battistini ma ke kahua o nā hale opera nui loa ma ka honua. Mai ka makahiki 1926, ʻo ia hoʻi, i kona mau makahiki he kanahiku, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hīmeni i nā ʻaha mele. Ua mau nō kona ʻano hou o ka leo, ka hilinaʻi like, ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka ʻuhane lokomaikaʻi, a me ke ola a me ka māmā. Hiki i nā mea hoʻolohe ma Vienna, Berlin, Munich, Stockholm, Lākana, Bucharest, Paris a me Prague ke hoʻomaopopo i kēia.

I ka waena o 20s, ua loaʻa i ka mea mele nā ​​hōʻailona mua o kahi maʻi hoʻomaka, akā ua pane maloʻo ʻo Battistini, me ka wiwo ʻole kupaianaha i nā kauka nāna i aʻo iā lākou e kāpae i ka ʻaha mele: "E kuʻu haku, ʻelua wale nō kaʻu koho - e hīmeni. a make paha! Makemake au e hīmeni!”

A hoomau aku la oia i ka himeni kupanaha, a e noho ana ka soprano Arnoldson a me ke kauka ma na noho ma ke kahua, makaukau koke no ka haawi ana i ka morphine.

Ma ʻOkakopa 17, 1927, ua hāʻawi ʻo Battistini i kāna ʻaha mele hope loa ma Graz. Ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Ludwig Prien, ke alakaʻi o ka hale opera ma Graz: "I ka hoʻi ʻana i hope, ua haʻalulu ʻo ia, ʻaʻole hiki ke kū i kona mau wāwae. Aka, i ke kahea ana mai o ke keena iaia, hele hou aku la oia iwaho e pane i ke aloha, ku pono iluna, hoiliili i kona ikaika a pau, a hele hou aku… "

Ma lalo o hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ma ka lā 7 o Nowemapa, 1928, make ʻo Battistini.