Nā ʻaha mele |
ʻahaʻaina Pelekania a me Palani, mai ka lat. festivus - hauʻoli, hauʻoli
ʻO nā ʻoliʻoli e pili ana i kahi pōʻai o nā ʻaha mele a me nā hana, i hui pū ʻia me ka inoa maʻamau, kahi papahana hoʻokahi a mālama ʻia i nā hoʻolauleʻa kūikawā. kaiapuni. Muses. F. 'oko'a ka lō'ihi (mai kekahi mau lā a 'eono mahina) a me ka ma'i'o. Aia nā monographic (i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ke mele o ka haku mele hoʻokahi), thematic (i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i kahi ʻano, au, a i ʻole ke kuhikuhi stylistic), a me ka mea hoʻokani. nā hoʻopiʻi, etc. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo F. e ka mokuʻāina. a me nā luna kūloko, philharmonic a me muses. e pili ana iā ʻoe, i ka capitalist. nā ʻāina - nā ʻoihana a me nā kānaka. Hoʻopaʻa mau ʻia lākou: i kēlā me kēia makahiki, kēlā me kēia 2 makahiki (biennale) a i ʻole kēlā me kēia 3-4 mau makahiki, a me ka pili pū me nā hoʻolauleʻa kūikawā. hanana. Hoʻonohonoho pinepine ʻia lākou ma nā kūlanakauhale kaulana no kā lākou mele. nā kuʻuna a i pili paha i ke ola a me ka hana o nā mea hoʻokani pila (kekahi F., no ka laʻana, ka International Society for Contemporary Music, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma nā kūlanakauhale ma nā ʻāina like ʻole).
Muses. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo F. ma Great Britain (London, 1709) a ua pili mua i ka hale pule. mele. Mai ka papahele 2. Ua hana ʻia ke kenekulia 18 ma nā ʻāina Center he nui. ʻEulopa, a me Austria (Vienna, 1772), mai kinohi mai. Ke kenekulia 19 - ma Kelemānia (Frankenhausen, Thuringia, 1810); Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka mele mele mua loa a ʻAmelika i ka makahiki 1869 (Worcester). Loaʻa ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka honua. mele F. i ke kenekulia 20, ʻoi aku ka waena. 40s ʻO ka mea nui o lākou e noho i kahi koʻikoʻi i kēia manawa. ʻokoʻa ke ola mele. nā ʻāina, kōkua i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā mele. art-va, ka ulu ʻana o ka pilina moʻomeheu ma waena o nā lāhui. ʻO nā mea mele nui loa, nā opera maikaʻi loa, nā mea pena symphonic i loko o lākou. a me ka papa himeni. nā hui, nā hui keʻena mai dec. ʻāina. I ka manawa pinepine, i loko o ka F., mālama ʻia nā hanana honua. nā hoʻokūkū mele. I ka manawa like, kekahi F. ma bourgeois. mau ʻāina i hiki ʻole ke komo i ka lehulehu ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai tiketi a he ʻano elitist, aia nā F. ʻē aʻe e Ch. arr. no ka hoʻolaha hoʻolaha (e huki i nā mākaʻikaʻi).
ʻO ka hapa nui. intl. mele F .: Austria - Salzburg (1920), "Vienna Festival Weeks" (1951); Great Britain - Glyndebourne (1934) a me Edinburgh (keaka a me ke mele, 1947); Hungary - "Budapest Muses. pule” (1956); GDR - Handel F. ma Halle (1952), "Berlin Muses. lā” (1957); Denemaka – Lā. mōʻī. F. opera and ballet (1949); Italia - "Florentine Muses. Mei (1933), Venice Biennale (nā mele hou, 1930), Festival of Two Worlds (Spoleto, 1958); Netherlands - Dutch F. ma Amsterdam (1948); Polani - "Warsaw Autumn" (nā mele hou, 1954), "Poznan Music. puna” (1960); Romania – F. im. J. Enescu ma Bucharest (1958); USA - F. in Berkshire (chamber music, 1918), Rochester (Amer. music, 1931), Tanglewood (organized by SA Koussevitsky, 1935); FRG - F. ma Bayreuth (1882), Donaueschingen (nā mele hou, 1946); Finland - "Sibelius Week" ma Helsinki (1951); Palani – Besancon F. (1947), im. ʻO Casals ma Prada (1950), ka Hale Keaka o nā Aupuni ma Paris (1957); Czechoslovakia - "Prague Spring" (1946); Kuikilana – International. pule ʻahaʻaina” ma Lucerne (1939); ʻO Yugoslavia - nā pāʻani kauwela ʻo Dubrovnik (keaka a me ke mele, 1950), Ohrid Summer (1961), Zagreb Music. Biennale (1961); Iapana – Mele. F. ma Osaka (1957). Mai ka makahiki 60 mai. kaulana F. estr. nā hana noʻeau a me nā mele, ʻoi aku ma ʻEulopa.
I ka USSR, nā muses mua. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo F. i nā makahiki 30. (Leningrad). Ua loaa mai ka mahele mai con. 50s I ka makahiki 1957, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka All-Union Ph. Dram. a me ke mele. t-ditch, F. pueo. mele o Latvia, Lithuania a me Estonia, "Transcaucasian Spring". Mai ka makahiki 1962, ka All-Union F. hou. mele ma Gorky, mai 1964 - ka mele makahiki. F. "Moscow Stars" a me "Russian Winter" ma Moscow, "White Nights" ma Leningrad, a me nā mele. hui-hui a pau, rep. F. a me na mea e ae. Ma 1977, ua mālama ʻia ka All-Union F. Samoyeda mua. ʻoihana noʻeau. ka hana hoʻoikaika o nā limahana, i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka makahiki 60th o Oct. revolutions o 1917 (e nānā i ka hana Amateur).
ʻO ka World Federation of Democratic Youth a me International Union o nā haumāna mai ka makahiki 1947 i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Intern. F. Demokalaka. ʻOpio a me nā Haumāna (ma hope o ka World Funds of Youth and Students). Ma keia mau hana F. ua hoonohonohoia. nā hoʻokūkū, nā hōʻikeʻike, nā hoʻokūkū haʻuki, etc.
