Nadezhda Iosifovna Golubovskaya |

Nadezhda Golubovskaya

I nā makahiki ma mua o ke kipi, ua hoʻokūkū ka poʻe puka pianist o ka Conservatory o St. Petersburg no ka pono e loaʻa iā Anton Rubinstein Prize. Pēlā i ka makahiki 1914. Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei i kēia. Ua kākau ʻo S. Prokofiev ma hope: "ʻO Golubovskaya koʻu mea hoʻokūkū koʻikoʻi mai ka papa ʻo Lyapunov, he pianist akamai a maʻalahi." A ʻoiai ua hāʻawi ʻia ka makana iā Prokofiev, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hoʻokūkū me kahi pianist papa mua (a me kāna loiloi) ʻōlelo nui. Ua huki pū ʻo Glazunov i ka manaʻo i ka hiki o ka haumāna, nāna i kākau i kēia ʻōlelo i loko o ka puke hoʻokolokolo: “He virtuoso nui a ma ka manawa like he talena mele. He hana i piha i nā ʻano like ʻole, ka lokomaikaʻi a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana. Ma waho aʻe o Lyapunov, ʻo AA Rozanova ke kumu aʻo ʻo Golubovskaya. Ua loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau haʻawina pilikino mai AN Esipova.

ʻO ka hana hoʻokani a ka mea piano ma hope o ke puka ʻana mai ka conservatory i hoʻomohala ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole. Loaʻa i kāna clavierabend kūʻokoʻa mua loa i ka pūnāwai o 1917 (ʻo ka papahana ʻo Bach, Vivaldi, Rameau, Couperin, Debussy, Ravel, Glazunov, Lyapunov, Prokofiev) loaʻa i kahi loiloi maikaʻi mai V. Karatygin, ka mea i loaʻa i ka pāʻani ʻo Golubovskaya "he nui poetry maalea, he manao ola; ua hui pū ʻia ka moʻokalaleo nui me ke kuko a me ka hopohopo. ʻAʻole wale nā ​​hana hoʻokani i kaulana nui iā ia, akā hoʻokani mele pū kekahi, me ka mea mele Z. Lodius, a ma hope me ka violinist M. Rayson (me ka hope ua hoʻokani ʻo ia i nā ʻumi o nā sonata violin a Beethoven). Eia kekahi, i kēlā me kēia manawa, hoʻokani ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he harpsichordist, e hoʻokani ana i nā hana a nā mea haku mele o ke kenekulia 3. ʻO ke mele o nā haku kahiko i hoʻokipa mau i ka manaʻo nui o Golubovskaya. 'Ōlelo mai ʻo E. Bronfin e pili ana i kēia: "No ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi repertoire e pili ana i nā mele piano mai nā wā like ʻole, nā kula aupuni, nā ʻano a me nā ʻano, loaʻa ka makana o ke komo hohonu i loko o ka honua poetic o ka haku mele, ʻo ka pianist paha, i hōʻike maopopo loa iā ia iho ma ke mele a ka poʻe harpsichordists Farani, ma nā hana a Mozart lāua ʻo Schubert. I kona hoʻokani ʻana i nā ʻāpana e Couperin, Daquin, Rameau (a me nā wahine puʻupaʻa Pelekania) ma ka piano hou, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i kahi mele kani kūikawā - ʻaʻole, maopopo, leo iridescent… ʻO ka hoʻopā ʻana o ke ʻano a me ka hahai ʻana i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kēia mele, ua wehewehe ʻo ia iā lākou he mau hiʻohiʻona honua i piha i ke ola, e like me nā kiʻi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni poʻomanaʻo, nā kiʻi kiʻi liʻiliʻi, i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka psychologism maʻalahi. I ka manawa like, ua ʻike ʻia ka pilina o ka poʻe harpsichordists me Debussy lāua ʻo Ravel me ka maopopo loa.

Ma hope koke iho o ka lanakila o ka Great October Revolution, ua hōʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo Golubovskaya i mua o kahi anaina hou ma nā moku, ma nā hui nautical a me nā halemai. I ka makahiki 1921, ua ho'onohonoho 'ia ka Leningrad Philharmonic, a ua lilo koke 'o Golubovskaya i ho'okahi o kāna mau mea ho'okani pila. Me nā alakaʻi nui, ua hoʻokani ʻo ia i nā concerto piano o Mozart, Beethoven, Chopin, Scriabin, Balakirev, Lyapunov. I ka makahiki 1923, ua huakaʻi ʻo Golubovskaya ma Berlin. Ua kamaʻāina loa ka poʻe hoʻolohe o Moscow iā ia. Ma ka loiloi a K. Grimikh (Music and Revolution magazine) o kekahi o kāna mau ʻahamele ma ka Hale Liʻiliʻi o ka Conservatory o Moscow, ua heluhelu mākou: "Ua kaupalena ʻia nā mea pono o ka mea hoʻokani piano, akā i loko o kāna ʻano hana, ua hōʻike ʻo Golubovskaya. e lilo i haku papa mua a he mea pena kii maoli. ʻO kahi kula maikaʻi loa, ke akamai maikaʻi o ke kani, ke ʻano o ka hele ʻana, ke ʻano maʻalahi o ke ʻano, kahi moʻomeheu mele maikaʻi a me ke akamai a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā talena o ka mea pena - ʻo ia nā pono o Golubovskaya.

Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Golubovskaya: "Hoʻokani wale wau i nā mele ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka hiki ke hoʻokani ʻia." No ia mau mea a pau, ua ākea loa kāna repertoire, me nā mele mele kahiko a me nā haku hou. ʻO Mozart kāna mea kākau punahele. Ma hope o ka makahiki 1948, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ka piano i nā ʻaha mele, akā inā hele ʻo ia i ke kahua, huli pinepine ʻo ia iā Mozart. I ka loiloi ʻana i ka ʻike hohonu o ka mea pena i ke ʻano Mozart, a me ka hana a nā mea haku mele ʻē aʻe, ua kākau ʻo M. Bialik i ka makahiki 1964: “Ke huna nei kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i loko o ka papa mele a ka mea piano i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ke ola, nā hui noʻeau, a ʻo kēlā me kēia mea he philosophical, artistic. manaʻo”.

Ua hāʻawi nui ʻo Golubovskaya i ka aʻo piano piano Soviet. Mai ka makahiki 1920, ua aʻo ʻo ia ma ka Leningrad Conservatory (mai ka makahiki 1935 he kumu aʻoaʻo), kahi āna i aʻo ai i nā mea piano ʻaha mele; i waena o lākou N. Shchemelinova, V. Nielsen, M. Karandasheva, A. Ugorsky, G. Talroze. E Siseko. I ka makahiki 1941-1944 ʻo Golubovskaya ke poʻo o ke keʻena piano o ka Conservatory Ural, a i ka makahiki 1945-1963 ʻo ia he mea kūkākūkā ma Tallinn Conservatory. ʻO Peru o kahi kumu kupaianaha nona ka puke "The Art of Pedalization" (L., 1967), mahalo nui ʻia e nā loea.

Lit.: Bronfin ENI Gluovskaya.-L., 1978.

Grigoriev L., Platek Ya.