Nā leo kīʻole |
German akkordfremde a i ʻole harmoniefremde Töne, English. nā leo nonharmonic, nā memo Palani étrangere, ital. note accidentali melodiche a i ʻole note ornamentali
Nā leo ʻaʻole ʻāpana o ka chord. N. h. hoʻonui i ka harmonies. nā consonances, hoʻokomo i ka melodic i loko o lākou. gravity, hoʻololi i ke kani o nā chords, hana i nā pilina melodic-functional hou e pili ana me lākou. N. h. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma muli o ke ʻano o ka launa pū ʻana me nā leo chord: do N. z. i ke kuʻi kaumaha o ka pahu, a ʻo ke kani i ka māmā, a i ʻole ke kuʻi ʻana, hana ʻo N. z. hoʻi? i ka chord kumu a i ʻole e hele i kahi chord ʻē aʻe, inā ʻike ʻia ʻo N. z. i ka neʻe ʻana a i ʻole i lawe koke ʻia, inā ʻo N. z. ka lua o ka neʻe ʻana a i ʻole ke kiola ʻia, a pēlā aku. ʻano o N. h.:
1) hoʻopaʻa ʻia (abreviation: h); 2) appoggiatura (ap); 3) kani hala (n); 4) kani kōkua (c); 5) cambiata (to), a i ʻole hoʻolei ʻia i nā mea kōkua; 6) leo lele (sk) - paʻa a kōkua paha, lawe ʻia me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻole a haʻalele ʻia. me ka ʻae ʻole; 7) hāpai (pm) (nā laʻana 1-7).
ʻO nā ʻano Nek-ry N. h. ua like kekahi me kekahi a hana i na papa nui:
I - ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana (ka paʻa maoli a me ka appoggiatura, a me ka lele ʻana ma ke kuʻi kaumaha), II - ka hele ʻana, III - kōkua (ʻoiaʻiʻo kōkua, cambiata, lele ma kahi maʻalahi), IV-mua.
ʻO ke kuleana o N. h. hiki ke hana i nā leo hoʻomau i ka leo o luna a waena (laʻana 8). Ia N. h. i kekahi manawa aia nā N. h. a i ʻole ʻo N. h. papa ʻelua (laʻana 9). ʻO ka hui ʻana o N. h. i kekahi manawa e like me ka puolo maʻamau me nā puʻupuʻu (kapa ʻia ʻo ia he puʻupuʻu noʻonoʻo, e ʻike ma ka laʻana 10 ka lōʻihi o ka lohi ʻana i kahi triad nui, ke kani ʻana e like me ka puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi ʻole; es=dis). ʻO nā mea a pau o N. h. huli i ka hopena (i kekahi manawa ma ke ala paʻakikī) pili i nā chordal, kahi e hilinaʻi ai lākou. He hiʻona hana pono o N. z. ʻo ia ka pono i ʻike ʻia no kā lākou hoʻoholo ʻana (e nānā i nā hiʻohiʻona 1-5, 9-10), pehea ko lākou ʻokoʻa mai nā leo i hoʻohui ʻia (e like me Rameau, "ajoutye") nā leo a i ʻole nā leo ʻaoʻao; ʻO nā leo lele me he mea lā e hoʻonā ʻia e nā leo o kahi puʻupuʻu i nā leo ʻē aʻe; nā leo paʻa e mālama i nā kānāwai o ka lae okana. Olelo Hooholo N. h. hiki ke paʻakikī loa (AN Scriabin, 4th sonata, māhele 1, vol. 2). N. h. hiki i kekahi manawa. i nā leo he nui, a hiki i ka huli ʻana i kahi ʻano kūikawā o nā puʻupuʻu linear function - hoʻopaneʻe chords (L. Beethoven, Adagio o ka 9th symphony, vols. 11, 18), hala (JS Bach, 3rd Brandenburg Concerto, māhele 1, v. 2 mai ka hopena), kōkua (SS Prokofiev, "Romeo a me Juliet", No. 25, hula me mandolins), nā kapuaʻi (PI Tchaikovsky, sonata no ka piano, v. 1-4). Ka mahele ana i na mea maa mau N. z. (ʻoi aku ka hele ʻana) ma ka harmonic. ʻO ka holomua, hoʻolōʻihi i nā harmonies kākoʻo i hiki ke hoʻonani a ma ka manawa like e uhi i nā harmonies kumu. hui pū ʻia (no ka laʻana, e hoʻoneʻe i ka V-IV ma nā pahu 1-2 o Scriabin's prelude ma D-dur op. 11). Papa H. h.:
E hoʻomaopopo ': Rimsky-Korsakov NA, puke haʻawina hoʻomaʻamaʻa o ke kuʻikahi, vol. 1-2, St. Petersburg, 1884-85, like, Poln. coll. soch., vol. IV, M., 1960; Taneev S., Mobile counterpoint of strict writing, Leipzig, 1909, the same, M., 1959; ʻO Catuar G., ʻO ke kumu o ka lokahi, ʻāpana 2, M., 1925; ʻO Tyulin Yu. N., He alakaʻi kūpono no ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka loiloi harmonic e pili ana i nā chorales a Bach, L., 1927 (ma ka ʻaoʻao poʻo inoa: Introduction …); Sposobin I., Dubovsky I., Evseev S., Papa hana o ka lokahi, hapa 2, M., 1935; Riemann H., Katechismus der Harmonielehre, Lpz., 1890; Schenker H., Neue musikalische Theorien und Phantasien, Bd 1, B. – Stuttg., 1906, Bd 3, W., 1935, 1956; Hindemith P., Unterweisung im Tonsatz, Tl 1, Mainz, 1937, neue Ausg., 1940; Piston W., Harmony, NY, 1941; Karastoyanov A., Polyphonic Harmony, Sofia, 1959 (ma ka unuhi Lūkini - Polyphonic Harmony, M., 1964).
ʻO Yu. N. Kholopov
