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ʻO ka parodia Helene, mai ka para – kūʻē, me ka ode - mele

1) Hoʻonui, hoʻohenehene. hoohalike ana i kekahi mele. ʻano, ʻano, mele pākahi. hana. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka P. o kēia ʻano mai ka makahiki 17. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo hou, i loko o kāna ʻike e kūʻē i ke ʻano o ke mele, a me ka hoʻokala ʻana, ka hoʻonui nui ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona, nā ʻenehana hōʻike, a me nā mele maʻamau o kahi kula i hāʻawi ʻia, ke ʻano o ka haku mele a me kahi. hana kaawale. a me ka harmonic. kipi. ʻO kēlā. parodied diff. genres wok.-instr. mele. I ka wā ma mua, ua māhele ʻia ʻo P. e decomp. nā laʻana o ke kiʻi opera. ʻO Farani i nā kenekulia 17 a me 18. ʻaneʻane hoʻohenehene ʻia nā opera kaulana a pau; Ua hana ʻia nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Opera ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. ʻIke ʻia ʻo 7 P. no ka opera ʻo Lully ʻo Attis. P. ma Italia. kaila opera a me ka opera-series na GF Handel – “The Beggar's Opera” na J. Gay a me J. Pepush i hoailona i ka hoomaka ana o ka olelo Pelekania. opera hula. Ua hana pinepine ʻia nā hana ʻOpera ma ke ʻano o ka operetta (Offenbach's Orpheus in Hell). Nā laʻana Lūkini. ʻO nā parodies opera - Vampuka (i hoʻouna ʻia i ka makahiki 1909), a me nā Bogatyrs e Borodin (i kau ʻia ma 1867). Ua hana ʻia nā Lūkini. P. a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Aia ma waena o lākou ke aloha "Classic" a me ka wok. ʻO ka pōʻai Rayok o Mussorgsky, wok. quartet "Serenade o eha mau keonimana i hoʻokahi lede" na Borodin, "Rкverie d'un faune apris la lecture de son journal" ("Dreams of a faun after reading a newspaper") Cui no ka piano. (a parody of the orc. op. Debussy “Prelude to? Afternoon of a Faun” “). Ua mālama ʻia nā mea o kēia ʻano i ko lākou koʻikoʻi i ke kenekulia 20. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mau hana i ka domain o P. cycles E. Satie. Na P. i huli pinepine i kana Op. DD Shostakovich (ballets The Golden Age and The Bolt, ka opera Katerina Izmailova, ka operetta Moscow, Cheryomushki, ka leo leo Satire i nā mele na S. Cherny, etc.). Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo P. i nā kiʻi like ʻole (e like me ka P. no nā peʻa mele), i nā hōʻike papeti (e like me ka T-re o nā papeti ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a SV Obraztsov), i ke mele. nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni.

2) Ma ke ʻano ākea, P., e like me ka ʻōlelo haole i ʻae ʻia. terminology musicology, - ka hana ʻana ma ke kumu o kekahi hana o kahi haku mele hou i ʻokoʻa i kāna prototype i ke kumu, ke ʻano, ke ʻano, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ke hana ʻia ka hana ʻana no ka hana ʻana i ka hana a kahi mea hana ʻē aʻe. haku mele, oiai o P. kana hana hana. hōʻano hou. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka paraphrase, ʻoi aku ka pili kokoke i kona kumu kumu. ʻO kekahi o ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana i kahi mele he subtext hou o kekahi mele a i ʻole kahi hana holoʻokoʻa, i kapa ʻia ʻo counterfactual ma waho (mai ka Latin contrafacio hope - hana wau i ka ʻaoʻao, hoʻohālike au). Ua laha mua ʻia kahi ʻōlelo hou o nā mele kahiko ma Nar. himeni, incl. i ka wā o ka "hoʻololi" o nā mele mele e pili ana i nā unuhi, ʻokoʻa pinepine ka manaʻo mai ka kikokikona kumu. Ua loaʻa iā ia ka noi ma ke mele Gregorian, i ke kaʻina hana o ka mele Protestant, i ka wā i hui pū ʻia ai nā mele o nā mele honua, i kekahi manawa he "free" maʻiʻo, me nā kikokikona ʻuhane. Ma hope mai, ma kēia ʻano, nui ka poʻe i huli mai ka honua a i ka ʻuhane. mea hoʻokani pila. - chanson, madrigals, vilanelles, canzonettes. I ka manawa like, lilo ko lākou leo ​​kiʻekiʻe i mau mele ʻuhane. Ua laha loa ia mau hooponopono a hiki i ka ser. 17th kenekulia P. o keia 'ano i hana nui i ka nuipa o ka 14th-16th kenekulia, kahi secular melodies mai motets, madrigals, mele me ka hou overtones, i kekahi manawa 'aʻole wale uhane, akā, i ke ao, i hoʻohana nuiʻia, incl. hoʻomāʻewaʻewa, ʻano ("parodic mass"), ma ka Magnificat. Ua hoʻohana ʻo JS Bach i kahi hana like i kāna hana, he nui nā hana uhane to-rogo e hōʻike ana i kahi manaʻo hou o kāna mau hana honua. (no ka laʻana, ʻo ke kumu o ka “Easter Oratorio” ʻo ia ka “Shepherd's Cantata”), a ʻo kekahi hapa ʻo GF Handel (nāna i hoʻololi i ʻelua mau ʻāpana o ka Utrecht Te Deum i ka enseme "E aloha mai iaʻu"). E like me ke kānāwai, ua hana ʻia ka subtext hou. (no ka laʻana, nā motets a me nā madrigals i lilo i ʻāpana o ka nuipa) ua hui pū ʻia ma P. me ka nui a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi. hana hou i kā lākou mele. No ka manawa lōʻihi (a hiki i ke kenekulia 19), ua hoʻonui ʻia ka manaʻo o ka pena kiʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā hana, nā mea hana. ka hoʻopili ʻana i ko lākou ʻano, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole lākou i pili me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka kikokikona kahiko me kahi mea hou (e hoʻonui a hoʻemi paha i ka helu o nā leo, hoʻololi i nā ʻāpana polyphonic me nā homophonic a, ʻokoʻa, hōʻemi a hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻāpana hou aʻe, hoʻololi i ke mele a me ka lokahi, a pēlā aku).