Pianism |

mai ital. piano, abbr. mai pianoforte a i ʻole fortepiano – piano

ʻO ka piano ke ʻano o ka hoʻokani piano. ʻO ke kumu o ka pianism mai ka hapa ʻelua o ke kenekulia 2, i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai nā kula ʻelua o ka piano, i hoʻomalu i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 18 - ke kula Viennese (WA ​​Mozart a me kāna haumāna ʻo I. Hummel, ʻO L. Beethoven, a ma hope aku ʻo K. Czerny a me kā lākou mau haumāna, me 19. Thalberg) a me Lākana (M. Clementi a me kāna mau haumāna, me J. Field).

Hoʻopili ʻia ka lā kiʻekiʻe o ka piano me nā hana hana a F. Chopin a me F. Liszt. Ma ka piano, ka papahele 2. 19 - noi. ʻO nā ʻelele o ke kenekulia 20 o nā kula Liszt (X. Bulow, K. Tausig, A. Reisenauer, E. d'Albert, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a me T. Leshetitsky (I. Paderevsky, AN Esipova, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), a me F. Busoni, L. Godovsky, I. Hoffman, mahope iho o A. Cortot, A. Schnabel, V. Gieseking, BS Horowitz, A. Benedetti Michelangeli, G. Gould a me na mea e ae.

Ua puka mai i ka hopena o nā kenekulia 19-20. kapaia. ʻO ke kula anatomical a me ka physiological o ka piano i loaʻa kekahi mana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kumumanaʻo o ka piano (nā hana a L. Deppe, R. Breithaupt, F. Steinhausen, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), akā he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia.

ʻO kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi i ka pianism o ka wā post-List no nā piano piano (AG a me NG Rubinstein, Esipova, SV Rakhmaninov) a me ʻelua mau kula Soviet - Moscow (KN Igumnov, AB Goldenweiser, GG Neuhaus a me kā lākou mau haumāna LN Oborin, GR Ginzburg. , Ya. V. Flier, Ya. I. Zak, ST Richter, EG Gilels a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a me Leningrad (LV Nikolaev a me kāna mau haumāna MV Yudina, VV Sofronitsky a me nā mea ʻē aʻe). Ke hoʻomau nei a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana ma ke kumu hou i nā kuʻuna maoli o nā ʻelele nui o ka piano piano, Kon. 19 - noi. I ke kenekulia 20, ua hui pū nā piano piano Soviet maikaʻi loa i kā lākou hoʻokani ʻana i ka hoʻouna ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka manaʻo o ka manaʻo o ka mea kākau me ke akamai ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā hoʻokō o ka pianism Soviet i lawe mai i ka ʻike honua i ke kula piano piano Lūkini. Ua loaʻa i nā mea piano Soviet he nui nā makana (me nā makana mua) ma nā hoʻokūkū honua. I nā conservatories home mai ka makahiki 1930. aia nā papa kūikawā e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala, ka manaʻo a me ke ʻano o ka piano.

E hoʻomaopopo ': Genika R., Moolelo o ka piano e pili ana i ka moolelo o ka virtuosity piano a me ka palapala, mahele 1, M., 1896; kona, Mai ka moolelo o ka pianoforte, St. Petersburg, 1905; ʻO Kogan G., ke kiʻi pianistic Soviet a me nā moʻomeheu noʻeau Lūkini, M., 1948; Nā haku o ke kula piano piano Soviet. Essays, ed. A. Nikolaev, M., 1954; ʻO Alekseev A., nā mea hoʻokani piano Lūkini, M.-L., 1948; nona iho, History of piano art, parts 1-2, M., 1962-67; Rabinovich D., Nā kiʻi o nā mea hoʻokani piano, M., 1962, 1970.

GM Kogan