Kuhikuhi hiki ke hoohuli |

Kuhikuhi hiki ke hoohuli – polyphonic. he hui o na melodies, i hiki ke hoololiia i kekahi, derivative, me ke kokua ana o ka hoohuli ana o kekahi, he nui (incomplete O. to.) a i ole i na leo a pau (o maoli O. to.), he ano paʻakikī counterpoint. ʻO ka mea maʻamau O. i. me ka hoʻopiʻiʻana o nā leo a pau, kahi e like ai ka pilina derivative me ka hoʻohālike o ke kumu i loko o ke aniani, ka mea i kapaʻia. kuhi aniani. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka like ʻana o nā wā o nā pūhui kumu a me nā mea i loaʻa (JS Bach, The Well-Tempered Clavier, vol. 1, fugue G-dur, bars 5-7 a me 24-26; The Art of the Fugue, No 12). ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī ʻole o ka O. to: hoʻololi nā wā o ka hoʻohui mua ʻana i ka derivative me ka ʻole o ke ʻano ʻike ʻia. Pinepine O. i. a piha ole O. i. ua hui pū ʻia me ka counterpoint vertically movable (vertically reversible: DD Shostakovich, fugue E-dur, bars 4-6 a me 24-26; WA ​​Mozart, Quintet c -moll, trio from the minuet), horizontal and double movable counterpoint (incomplete hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia ke kūpaʻa-horizontal: JS Bach, ʻelua ʻāpana mea i loko o ka g-moll, nā kaola 1-2 a me 3-4), counterpoint e hiki ai ke pālua (hiki ʻole ke hoʻohuli ʻia me nā pālua: JS Bach, The Well-Tempered Clavier, vol. 2, fugue i ka b-moll, ka pahu 27-31 a me 96-100); Hoʻohana ʻia ka neʻe hoʻi ma O. to. kiʻi ʻana, hoʻololi pinepine ʻia ka ratio waena o nā leo. ʻO ka ʻenehana o O. to. hoʻohana nui ʻia e nā haku mele o ke kenekulia 20. (A. Schoenberg, Hindemith, RK Shchedrin, etc.), pinepine i hui pū me ka contrapuntal i hoʻohana iki ʻia. puka (hoʻi hoʻi).

E hoʻomaopopo ': ʻO Bogatyrev SS, Hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka counterpoint, M., 1960; Yuzhak K., ʻO kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano o ka fugue e JS Bach, M., 1965, §§ 20-21; ʻO Taneev SI, Fragment mai ka mana o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka puke "Mobile counterpoint of strict writing ...", i loko o ka puke: Taneev S., Mai ka ʻepekema a me ka pedagogical. hoʻoilina, M., 1967. See also lit. ma lalo o ka ʻatikala Ka hoʻohuli ʻana o ke kumuhana.

VP Frayonov